FOXPRO COMMANDS AND FUNCTIONS FOXPRO COMMANDS AND FUNCTIONS Synonymous with RUN. i Runs the specified DOS commons or program within Fox Pro. Also used with @..SAY..GET as PICTURE # Symbol for not equal to. Same aso. Modulus operator - Returns the remainder % obtained by dividing a numeric expression by another numeric expression. & Macro substitution Comment indicator. && comments to command lines. Returns true if a $ Use this symbol to add character expression is contained in another character expression. Indicates the beginning of a non-executing * comment line in a program file * Symbol for multiplication ** Symbol for exponentiation A Symbol for exponentiation <> + Symbol for not equal to (Same as #). Symbol for addition Symbol for subtraction / Symbol for division < Symbol for less than > Symbol for greater than Symbol for equal to Evaluates one or more expression. Also used to create a memory variable or to store data in a variable Symbol for identical to. <= Symbol for less than or equal to >= Symbol for greater than or equal to 67 Used after a letter to designate a drive, e,g. USE C: SAMPLE Command line continuation character in programs. Also used for the Enter key while t programming function keys. Outputs lines of text entered between these i/ii two characters. Evaluates the expression and outputs the ? result in the next row. Evaluates the expression and outputs the ?? result in the same row. Sends output directly to the printer ??? Displays output at the specified row and @ SAY column position Displays BMPs and OLE objects or calls the „ L SAY-BMPs&OLE Objects OLE Server to execute the OLE object verb. (FoxPro for Windows only) @ GET Creates a editing region Creates a check box or a picture check box @ GET-Check Boxes (Picture check boxes - Fox Pro for Windows only) „ L GET-Invisible Buttons Creates invisible buttons @ GET-Lists Creates a list @ GET-Popups Creates a popup. @ GET-Push Buttons @ GET-Radio Buttons @ GET-Spinners Creates a Spinner (Fox Pro for Windows only. ® EDIT-Text Edit Regions Creates a text editing region @ BOX Draws a box using specified coordinates. Creates a set of push buttons or picture push buttons Creates a set of Radio buttons or picture radio buttons. 68 Clears a portion of the screen or active @ CLEAR window. Changes the colours of existing text within an @ FILL @ MENU Creates a menu popup @ PROMPT Creates a menu bar. area of the screen. Draws a box, line, circle, or ellipse using @ TO specified coordinates. Returns the absolute value of the specified ABSO coordinates. Accepts character string data from the screen. ACCEPT Optionally, also displays a specified prompt. Copies elements from one array to another ACOPYO array Returns the are cosine of a specified numeric ACOSO ACTIVATE MENU expression. Displays and activates a menu bar Displays and activates a popup created with ACTIVATE POPUP DEFINE POPUP FoxPro menu system popup. Sends all subsequent output to the screen ACTIVATE SCREEN ACTIVATE WINDOW instead of the current window Displays and activates one or more windows Deletes an element, row or column from any ADELO array. Places information about specified files into an ADIRO array. Returns the number of an array element from ALEMENTO the element's sub scripts. Places database structure information into an AFIELDSO array. Places information about available fonts into AFONTO array (FoxPro for Windows only) 69 Inserts an element, row or column into an AINSO array. Returns the number of elements, rows or ALENO columns in an array. Returns the alias of the current or specified ALIASO work area Returns the specified character expression ALLTRIMO with leading and trailing blanks removed. Converts each character of a character expression to the corresponding character in ANSITOOEMO the DOS(OEM) character set. (FoxPro for Windows only) Enables you to add records to the end of the APPEND current database file. Adds records to the end APPEND FROM APPEND FROM ARRAY APPEND GENERAL APPEND MEMO ASCO ASCANO ASINO ASORTO ASUBSCRIPT () of the current database file from another file. Adds records to the current database file and them with data from an array. Imports an OLE object into a general filed. (FoxPro for Windows only.) Copies the contents of a file a memo filed. Returns the ASCII code for the leftmost character in a character expression. Searches an array for an expression. Returns the are sine of a specified numeric expression. Sorts elements in an array in ascending or descending order. Returns the row or column subscript of an element from the element's number 70 Returns the beginning numeric position of the first occurrence of a character expression or memo AT() field within another character expression or memo field, counting from the leftmost character. For example,? AT ("of", Son of India") displays 5. The function is casesensitive. ATANQ ATC () Returns the are tangent of a specified numeric expression. Same as ATO, except that it is not case sensitive Returns the line number of the first occurrence of a character expression or memo field within ATCLINEO another character expression or memo field; without regard for the case of the two expressions. ATLINEQ ATN2() Same as ATCLINEO, except that it is casesensitive Returns the arc tangent from specified sine and cosine values. Computers the arithmetic mean of numeric AVERAGE expressions or fields. Returns the number of the most recently BARO chosen option from a popup. Determines if the value of an expression lies BETWEENO between the values of two other expressions of the same data type. Determines if the record pointer is positioned BOFQ at the beginning of a database file. Opens the Browse window and allows editing BROWSE BUILT APP of screen-ful of records Creates an application file from a project file. 71 Builds an executable file. Applicable only if the BUILD EXE FoxPro 2.5 for DOS Distribution Kit is loaded.(FoxPro for DOS only) BUILD PROJECT Creates and builds a project file Performs financial and statistical operations on CALCULATE fields or expressions involving fields. Executes a binary file that has been loaded in CALL CANCEL CAPSLOKQ CDOWQ the memory with LOAD. Cancels execution of the current program file Returns the current mode of the CapsLock key or sets the CapsLock key mode on or off. Returns the day of the week from a specified date expression. Returns the name of the open compound index CDXQ file that has the specified index position number. Returns the nearest integer that is greater CEILINGO than or equal to the specified numeric expression. Displays record(s) of the current database file CHANGE for editing, same as EDIT. Returns the character associated with the CHRO specified numeric ASCII code. Determines whether or not a character is C HRSAWO present in the keyboard buffer. Replaces each character in a character expression that matches character in a second CHRTRANO character expression with the corresponding character in a third character expression. CLEAR Clears the screen. 72 Releases all memory variables and arrays and the definitions of all user-defined menu bars, CLEAR ALL popups and windows from the memory. Also closes any open database and associated files. Relates all filed lists (created CLEAR FIELDS FIELDS) from all work areas. CLEAR GETS Releases all pending with SET GET statement Releases all keyboard macros, including any CLEAR MACROS SET FUNCTION key assignments from the memory. Releases from memory all memory variables CLEAR MEMORY and arrays. (System memory variables are not released) Releases all menu bar definitions from the CLEAR MENUS memory. Releases CLEAR POPUPS all popup definitions from the memory. CLEAR PROGRAM Clears the complied program buffer. CLEAR PROMPT Clears menu prompts created with @...PROMPT Exists the active READ and returns control to CLEAR READ the previous READ level if the active READ is nested Closes all files in all work areas and selects CLOSE ALL work area. Closes the alternate file opened with SET CLOSE ALTERNATE ALTERNATE Closes all open database, index memo and CLOSE DATABASES format files and selected work area 1. Closes the format file open in the current work CLOSE FORMAT area. 73 Closes all open index files (both .IDX and .CDX) in the current work area. However, a CLOSE INDEXES structural .CDX file with the same name the open database file is not closed. CLOSE PROCEDURE Closes the open procedure file Closes the CLOSE MEMO specified or all menu editing windows opened with MODIFY MEMO Returns the name of the month from a CMONTHQ specified data expression. CNTBARC) Returns the number of bars on a popup. CNTPAD() Returns the number of pads on a menu bar. Returns the current column position of the COL() cursor. Complies one or more program files and COMPILE creates the corresponding object file(s). Continues the previous LOCATE. Tries to locate the next record that meets the specified CONTINUE condition. Makes a duplicate copy of a specified file. Any type of file can be copied. (Similar to DOS COPY FILE COPY.) Copies single-entry index files to make a COPY INDEXES compound index file. Copies the contents of a memo field to a text COPY MEMO file. Copies the structure of the current database COPY STRUCTURE COPY EXTENDED STRUCTRUE file to a new database file. Copies the structure of the current database file to records in a new database file. Creates a single entry index file from a tag in COPY TAG a compound index file. 74 Copies the contents of the current database COPY TO file to a new file. One can copy all or selected fields and records. Copies data from one or more records of the COPY TO ARRAY current database file to an array. COS() Returns the cosine a numeric expression. Counts database file records that meet the COUNT specified condition(s). Result can be stored in a specified memory variable. Creates a new database filed and accepts the CREATE structure for it. Optionally, also accept data for the new database file. Creates a color set from the current color CREATE COLOR SET settings. This CREATRE CURSOR SQL. SQL command creates a temporary database file. This file is opened in the lowest available work area Creates a database file from a database file CREATE FROM structure created with COPY STRUCTURE EXTENDED. Opens a Label Design window/dialog box, and allows you to design the layout for labels. CREATE LABLE Designed label layout is saved in a specified label format file. Opens a Menu Design window and allows you CREATE MENU to create user defined menus and popups. Creates a project. A project is a database that keeps track of all files, such as program, CREATE PROJECT screens, labels, etc. that are required to create an application. Opens an ROBE (Relational Query By Example) CREATE QUERY window. 75 Opens a report in a Report Design Window. Used to design a custom report and saves the CREATE REPORT report in a specified report format file. Also supports an option to create quick report. Opens a Screen Design window and allows to design a custom screen layout. The layout is CREATE SCREEN ■saved in a specified screen format file. Also supports an option to create quick screen. This SQL command creates a database file having the specified fields. CREATE TABLE-SQL The complete structure of the database file to be created specified with CREATE TABLE or it reads it from a specified array. CREATE VIEW CTODQ CURDIRO DATE() Creates a view file from the FoxPro environment. Converts a character expression to a date expression. Returns the name of the current DOS directory. Returns the current System date. Returns the numeric day of the month for a DAY() given date expression. Returns DBF() a database file name from the current/specified work and or a database file alias. NOTE:-Twelve DDE functions described below are available only on Fox Pro for windows. These used to exchange data between FoxPro for windows and other Windows-based applications Aborts an asynchronous DDE transaction. DDEAbort TransQ (FoxPro for windows only.) Creates a notify link or an automatic link used DDEAdvise() in dynamic data exchange (DDE). (FoxPro for Windows only.) Enables or disables dynamic data exchange DDEEnabledQ (DDE) processing returns the status of DDE processing. (FoxPro for Windows only.) 76 Using dynamic data exchange (DDE), it sends a DDEExecuteQ command to other application. (FoxPro for Windows only) Establishes a dynamic data exchange (DDE) DDEInitiateQ channel between FoxPro for Windows and another Microsoft Windows-based application. (FoxPro for Windows only.) Returns an error number for the last dynamic DDELast Error() data exchange (DDE) function.(FoxPro) for windows only.) Sends DDEPoke() data between client and server applications in a dynamic data exchange (DDE) conversation. (FoxPro for Windows only). Requests data from a server application in a DDERequestQ dynamic data exchange (DDE) conversation. (FoxPro for windows only). DDESetOption() Change or returns dynamic data exchange (DDE) settings. (FoxPro for windows only) Creates, release or modifies service names and DDESetService () settings in FoxPro for windows. (FoxPro for windows only) In DDESetTopic() a dynamic data exchange (DDE) conversation creates or releases a topic name from a service name. (FoxPro for windows only) Closes a dynamic data exchange (DDE) channel DDETerminate () established with DDEInitiate. (FoxPro for windows only) Deactivates specific/all user-defined menu(s) defined with CREATE MENU, and removes it ACTIVATE MENU from the screen. Flowever, it does not remove the menu definition from the memory. 77 Deactivates specific/all popup(s) defined with ACTIVATE POPUP DEFINE POPUP and removes it from the screen but not remove the popup definition from the memory. Deactivates specific user-defined window(s) or ACTIVATE WINDOW FoxPro system windows and removes them from the screen but not from the memory. LARE FINE...#UNDEF Creates one or more memory arrays. The array can be one-dimensional or two dimensional. Creates and releases compile-time constants Creates a menu option on a popup defined with FINE BAR DEFINE POPUP or a FoxPro menu system popup. Draws a box around printed text in printed reports. FIX BOX Boxes can be drawn only around outputs created with? Or ??. A box cannot be drawn around output created with @...SAY commands. Defines (Creates) a user-defined menu bar FINE MENU (also called just menu). After defining a menu, define its pads with DEFINE PAD FINE PAD Defines (Creates) a pad on a user-defined menu bar or a FoxPro system menu bar. Defines (Creates) a user-defined popup. After FINE POPUP defining a popup, use DEFINE BAR to define is menu bars FINE WINDOW DELETE Creates a window and specific its attributes. Marks the records for deletion in the active database file. Deletes a specified file from disk (same as DELETE FILE DELETE TAG ERASE) Removes specified/ail compound index file. 78 tags from a CDX DELETEDQ Returns true (.T.) if the current record is marked for deletion. Returns a number representing the relative DIFFERENCEQ orthographic differences between two character expression DIMENSION Creates one-dimensional or two-dimensional memory arrays, (same as DECLARE) Displays the contents of a disk directory. If you do not use any optional clauses, it displays DIR/DIRECTORY information about database files in the current drive. Otherwise, it can display information about any type of files from the current or a specified drive. DISKSPACEO Returns the number of bytes available on the default disk drive Displays the contents of record(s) DISPLAY current database file and the in the results of expressions DISPLAY FILES DISPLAY MEMORY DISPLAY STATUS DISPLAY STRUCGTRUE DMYQ DO Displays information about specified files, (similar to DIR/DIRECTRORY) Displays the current contents of memory variables and arrays. Displays the status of the FoxPro environment Displays the structure of a database file open in the current or specified work area Returns a date expression in Day Month Year format, e.g. 18 February 1995. Executes a command or procedure file Marks the beginning of a DOCASE-ENDCASE structure FoxPro executes the first statement DO CASE block (after DOCASE and before ENDCASE) whose associated conditional CASE statement evaluates true(.T.) 79 Marks the beginning of a DO WHILE-ENDDO loop, FoxPro executes a block of statements DI WHILE within this conditional loop as long conditions(s) specified with DO WHILE is/are true unless it counter an EXIT command. DOW() DTOC() Returns the day of the week from a specified date expression Returns a character type date from a date expression. DTOR() DTOSQ EDIT Converts degrees to radians Returns a character-string date in the format YYYYMMDD from specified date expression. Displays the specified/all fields of the active databases file for editing. Sends a form feed to the printer, i.e advances EJECT the printer to the top of the next page. EJECT works even if the printer is OFF(SET PRINTER OFF) Sends a EJECT PAGE printer. conditional Page page advance to the advance depends on PRINT ON/OFF settings. Determines whether or not an expression is EMPTY() empty. For example, XI=SPACE(o) ? EMPTY(Xl) .T. Determines whether or not the record pointer is EOF() positioned past the last record in the current or specified database file ERASE Erases a specified file from disk. Returns the error number for the error that ERRORC) triggered ON ERROR. Evaluates a character expression and return EVALUATE() EXIT the result. Exists a DO WHILE. FOR or SCAN loop. 80 EXP() Returns the value of ex where x is a specified numeric expression. Copies data from a FoxPro database file to a EXPORT file in another format, such as Lotus, Muitiplan etc. Alerts the Project Manager to an undefined EXTERNAL reference. EXTERNAL is used only by the Project Manager. FCHSIZEQ FCLOSEQ FCOUNTQ FCREATE() FEOFO FERRORO Changes the size of a file opened with a lowlevel file function Flushes and closes a file or communication port opened with a low-level file function Returns the number of fields in the current or specified database file. Creates and opens a low-level file This low level function determines whether or not file pointer is positioned at the end of a file Returns a number corresponding to the most recent low-level file function error Flushes to disk a file opened with a low-level FFLUSHO function. FFLUSHQ is different from FLUSH(). FLUSHQ operates on database and index files. Returns a series of bytes from a file or a FGETSQ communications port opened with a low level file function. Returns the name of a field, referenced by FIELD() number, in the current or specified database file Returns a logical true (,T.) if the specified file is FILE() found on disk. Opens the file maintenance desk accessory. It provides an efficient way to copy, move or FILER delete files, create directories, etc., on hard disk or floppies. 81 Returns the filter expression specified in SET FILTERQ FILTER for the current or specified database file. FIND FKLABEL() Searches for the first record with a specified string in an indexed database file. Returns the of the function key corresponding to a numeric expression. is Returns FKMAX() name the number of programmable function keys or function key combinations on your keyboard. The returned value also depends on SET COMPATIBLE. Attempts to lock the FLOCK() database file and current or specified returns true (,T.) if successful. FLOORC) FLUSH Returns the nearest integer that is less than or equal to the specified numeric expression. Saves modifications done on a database and index files or disk. Returns font attributes for installed FONTMETRICC) fonts. (Useful only in FoxPro for windows, as FoxPro for DOS supports only one font). Opens a file or communication port for use with FOPENC) low level file functions. Notice that ports cannot be opened in FoxPro for Windows. Marks the beginning of a FOR-ENDFOR loop. FOR FoxPro executes the commands listed between FOR and ENDFOR a specified number of times. FOUNDQ Returns true (.T.) if the previous CONTINUE, FIND, LOCATE or SEEK was successful. Writes a character string, carriage return and FPUTS() line feed to a file or a communication port opened with a low-level file function. 82 Returns a specified number of bytes from a file FREADQ or a communication port opened with a lowlevel function FSEEKQ FSIZE() FULLPATH() FUNCTION FVO Moves the file pointer in a file opened with a low-level file function. Returns the size, in bytes, of a specified field opened in the current or a specified work area. Returns the complete DOS path for a specified file. Identifies the start a user-defined function definition. Returns the future value of an investment Writes a character string to FWRITEQ a file Or a communication port opened with a low level file function. Puts the contents of memory variables or array GATHER elements to fields. Returns the number of bars on a popup defined GETBAR() with DEFINE POPUP or a FoxPro system menu popup Displays the Select Directory dialog box from GERDIRQ which a directory can be chosen. On selection of a directory, it returns that directory name. Returns the contents of the specified DOS GETENVQ environment variable. Invokes the Expressions Builder dialog box and GETEXPR stores the user-constructed expression to a memory or array element Displays GETFILEO the (File)Open dialog box. On selection of a file, it returns the name of that file. Displays the FoxPro for Windows dialog box GETFONT() and returns the name of the font you choose. (FoxPro for Windows only.) 83 Returns the name of a menu pad from its GETPADQ position on a user-defined menu bar or on the FoxPro system menu bar. Positions the record pointer on the specified record number in the active (current) database GO/GOTO file or a database file open in specified work area. Moves the record pointer on the last record in GO/GOTO BOTTOM the active(current) database file or a database file open in specified work area. Moves the record pointer on the first record in GO/GOTO TOP the active(current database file or a database file open in specified work area. Returns the date that is a specified number of GOMONTHQ months before or after a specified date. Returns the number of bytes in the head of a HEADER() database file open in the current or specified work area. Invokes HELP the Help window and provides information about various FoxPro commands, functions and topics Hides one or more active user-defined menu HIDE MENU bars defined with DEFINE MENU. Hides one or more active popups defined with HIDE POPUP DEFINE POPUP. Hides an active user-defined window or FoxPro HIDE WINDOW #IF...#ENDIF system window. Conditionally includes compilation time. readability or source Results program, code in reduced at the improved compiled program size and sometimes even improved performance. 84 Marks beginning of the IF-ENDIF structure. FoxPro executes a set of commands listed IF between IF and ENDIF if logical condition(s) specified with IF is/are true. This structure may also include ELSE. Returns one of two values depending on the IIFQ result of a logical expression specified with the function. Imports data from an external file format to create a new FoxPro database file. It supports IMPORT various file formats, such as Lotus, Multiplan, Symphony, etc. Creates an index file or tag for the current database file. Index file or tag helps to display INDEX the records of a database in a logical order. INDEX can create the single or compound index file. Returns a number corresponding to the first INKEYQ key pressed or mouse click in the typeahead buffer. Determines INLISTQ whether or not an expression matches one in a series of expressions of the same data type. Displays a prompt on the screen INPUT and inputs data from the keyboard and stores into a specified memory variable Inserts a new record into the current data base file after the current record and displays it INSERT for editing. It can also insert a record before the current record or a blank record without invoking editing. 85 This SQL command appends a record to the end of a database file that contains the specified filed values. In other words, the data INSERT-SQL to be stored in the record is also specified with the command or is contained in specified memory variable or arrays. Returns the current mode of the Insert key, or INSMODEO sets the Insert key mode on or off. Returns the integer portion of a numberic INT() expression. Returns ISALPHAO true (.T.) if the first (leftmost) character in the specified character expression is an alphabetic character. Determines whether or not your computer's ISCOLORO graphics card can display color. Returns ISDIGITQ true (,T.) if the first (leftmost) character of the specified character expression is a digit (0 - 9). Returns ISLOWERO true (.T.) if the first (leftmost) character in the specified character expression is a lower-case alphabetic character. Returns ISUPPER() true character in a (.T.) if the first (leftmost) character expression is an upper-case alphabetic character. Creates a new database file by merging the JOIN specified records and fields of two simultaneously open database files. Returns the key index expression of the master KEY() (controlling) index file Places the specified character expression in the KEYBOARD keyboard buffer. Displays/prints labels from a database file as LABEL per the format specified in the specified label format (definition) file. 86 Returns an integer number corresponding to LASTKEYQ the last key pressed. Returns a specified number of character from a LEFT() character expression, beginning with the first character. Returns the number of characters (including LEN() blank spaces) in a character expression. Determines LIKE() whether or not a character expression is contained in another character expression. Returns the line number of a line being executed in a program relative to the first line LINENOO of the main program. Comment lines and blank lines are also included. Continuously displays all/specified fields (and LIST expressions) of records of the current database file. Same as DISPLAYH FILES, expect that there is LIST FILES no pause in listing. Same as DISPLAY MEMORY, except that there LIST MEMORY is no pause in listing. Same as DISPLAY STATUS, except that there is LIST STATUS no pause in listing. Same as DISPLAY STRUCTURE, except that LIST STRUCTURE there is no pause in listing. Loads a binary program module (file) in the LOAD memory of PC. Sequentially searches the database file for the LOCATE first record that matches a specified expression. LOCFILEO Returns the path of the specified file name. Attempts to lock one or more records in a LOCKQ database file open in the current or specified work area. 87 Returns the natural logarithm (base e) of the LOG() specified numeric expression. Returns the common logarithm (base 10) of LOGIOQ the specified numeric expression. Searches a database file for the first record LOOKUPQ with a field matching the specified expression. Converts a specified character expression in LOWERC) lower-case letters. Removes LTRIM() leading blanks from a specified character expression. Returns the date on which the current or LUPDATEO specified database file was last updated. Returns the expression with the highest ASCII or numeric value or the latest date from a list MAXQ of character, numeric or date expressions. Two or more expressions can be used with the function. Returns the screen or window column position MCOLQ of the mouse pointer. Determines whether or not the left mouse MDOWN() button is pressed. Returns the name of the open .CDX compound MDX() index file that has the specified index position number. Returns the specified date expression in "Month MDY() Day Year" format, e.g. March 12, 95 or March 12, 1995. Returns the number of lines in a specified MEMLINESf) momo field. Returns the amount of available memory (in MEMORYO KB) to run an external program. (Expanded memory is not included.) 88 Used in conjunction with MENU BAR to create MENU menu popups that are displayed when a menu pad is selected. Creates menu bars and pads. The menu pads MENU BAR and prompt messages are defined through a two-dimensional array. Activates a menu bar for a menu created with MENU TO MENUQ @...PROMPT commands. Returns the name of the active menu bar. Returns MESSAGEQ the current error message as a character string or the contents of the program line that caused the error. Returns the expression with the lowest ASCII or numeric value or the earliest date in a list of MINO character, numeric or date expressions. Two or more expressions can be used with the function. Returns a specific line from a specified memo MLZNEC) field as a character string. Returns MOD() the numeric remainder expression by after dividing another one numeric expression. Opens a text editing window and allows you to MODIFY COMMAND modify or create a program (text) file. It assumes a default extension name ".PRG". Same as MODIFY COMMAND except that the MODIFY FILE default extension name ".PRG" is not assumed. Opens an editing window for a general field MODIFY GENERAL containing an OLE object. (FoxPro for Windows only.) Modifies or creates a label and saves the MODIFY LABEL format in a label definition (format) file. Opens an editing window for a memo field in MODIFY MEMO the current database. 89 Displays the Menu Design window and enables MODIFYMENU you to modify or create a menu system. Open the Project window and enables you to MODIFY PROJECT create or modify a project file. Opens MODIFY QUERY the RQBE window and lets you interactively modify an existing query or create a new query. Opens the Report Design window and lets you MODIFY REPORT interactively modify an existing report or create a new report. Opens the Screen Design window and enables MODIFY SCREEN you to create or modify a screen. Allows you to modify the structure of the MODIFY STRUCTURE database file open in the current work area. Modifies attributes of an existing user-defined MODIFY WINDOW window or the main FoxPro window. (FoxPro for Windows only.) Returns the numeric month for a specified date MONTH() expression. Moves a popup defined with DEFINE POPUP or MOVE POPUP a FoxPro system menu popup to a new location. MOVE WINDOW Moves a window to a specified screen location. Returns a logical value that indicates whether or not a bar on a popup defined with DEFINE MARKBARQ POPUP or on a FoxPro menu system popup is marked with SET MARK OF. Returns a logical value that indicates whether or not a pad on a user-defined menu bar or on MRKPADQ the FoxPro system menu bar is marked with SET MARK OF. Returns the screen or window row position of MROW() the mouse pointer. 90 Indicates over which window the mouse pointer MWINDOWQ is positioned. Returns the name of an open .IDX index file for NDX() the current or specified database file. Indicates the beginning of a non-executing NOTE comment line in a program file. Returns the current mode of the NumLock key NUMLOCKC) or sets the mode of NumLock key on or off. Returns the object number of an @ ...GET OBJNUMO control. Returns the number of times a character OCCURSQ expression occurs within another character expression. Converts each character in a character expression to the corresponding character in OEMTOANSI() the ANSI character set. (FoxPro for Windows only.) Specifies a popup or menu bar that is activated ON BAR when a specific popup option (bar) is chosen. Specifies a command that executes when an ON ERROR error occurs. Specifies a command that executes when you ON ESCAPE press the Escape key during program or command execution. Specifies a command that executes when you ON KEY press any key during program execution. Executes a command when a specific key or ON KEY= key combination is pressed during a READ. Specifies a command that executes when a ON KEY LABEL specific key or key combination is pressed or the mouse is clicked. Specifies the menu popup or menu bar that is ON PAD activated when you choose a specific menu pad. 91 Executes a command when printed output ON PAGE reaches a specified line number. Specifies a command that executes in response ON READERROR to a data input error during a READ. Specifies a command that executes when you ON SELECTION BAR choose a specific popup option. Specifies a command that executes when you ON SELECTION MENU choose any pad on a menu bar. Specifies a command that executes when you ON SELECTION PAD choose a specific pad of a menu. Specifies a command that executes when you ON SELECTION POPUP choose any option from a specified popup or from all popups. Specifies a command that executes when you ON SHUTDOWN try to exit FoxPro for Windows. (FoxPro for Windows only.) Returns the command assigned to even­ handling command, such as ON ERROR, ON ON() ESCAPE, ON KEY, ON KEY LABEL, ON PAGE and ON READERROR. Returns the name of the controlling index file ORDERQ or tag for the current or specified database file. Returns the name and version number of the OSQ operating system under which FoxPro is running. Removes all records marked for deletion, and reduces the size of a memo file. After a PACK database has been packed, deleted records cannot be recalled. Returns the name of the menu pad that was PADQ most recently chosen from a menu bar. Returns the specified expression padded on PADC() both left and right sides with a specified expression. 92 Returns the specified expression padded on the PADLQ left with a specified expression Returns the specified expression padded on the PADRQ right with a specified expression. Used in a procedure or User-defined function PARAMETERS (UDF) to assign data passed from a calling program to local memory variables. Returns the number of parameters that were PARAMETERS() passed to the most recently called program procedure, or user-defined function(UDF). Returns the amount of each periodic payment PAYMENT() on a fixed-interest loan. Returns the current column position of the PCOLQ PI() printer output. Returns the value of the numeric constant pi(7t) Executes a keyboard macro, i.e. plays a series PLAY MACROS of keystrokes saved in a specified macro. Restores ON KEY LABELS that were placed on POP KEY the stack with PUSH KEY. Restores the specified menu bar definition that POP MENU was placed on the stack with PUSH MENU. Restores the specified popup definition that POP POPUP was placed on the stack with PUSH POPUP. Returns as a character string the name of the POPUPQ active popup. Marks beginning of a PRINTJOB...ENDPRINTJOB PRINTJOB structure. Activates print job system memory variable settings. Returns true (.T.) if the printer or print device PRINTSTATUSO is on line. 93 Hides specified memory variables or arrays defined earlier from the current program. You can reuse (redefine) the same variables. When PRIVATE the program returns from the current program, all variables are again available with the original values. Returns the prompt text from a bar on a PRMBARQ specified popup. Returns the text from a pad of a specified PRMPADO menu. Identifies the beginning of a procedure in a PROCEDURE program file. Procedures are commonly used routines the can be called by other programs. Returns the name of the program currently PROGRAM () being executed, or the name of the program that was executing when an error occurred. Returns the prompt text of a pad chosen from PROMPTQ a menu bar or an option chosen from a popup. Returns the specified character expression with PROPER() the first letter of each word in upper case and the remaining characters in lower case. Returns the current row position of the Printer PROW() output. After EJECT, PROWQ returns () Defines global PUBLIC memory variable or arrays. Global variable can be used and modified in any program. Places all current ON KEY LABEL command settings on a stack in the memory. PUSH KEY You can redefine OK KEY LABEL settings after PUSH KEY. Later on, Original settings can restored with POP KEY. PUSH MENU Places a menu bar definition on the stack. PUSH POPUP Places a popup definition on the stack. 94 be Displays the Save As dialog box and returns PUTFILEQ the file name you specify. Returns the present value of a series of equal PVQ periodic payments to be received in future at a constant periodic rate of interest. Terminates the current FoxPro session and returns to the operating system. FoxPro closes QUIT all open files before returning to the Operating system. Returns a random number between 0 and 1. RAND() A numeric value can be specified with this function to specify the seed value. Returns the beginning numeric position of the first occurrence of one character expression or RAT() memo field within another character expression or memo field, counting from the rightmost character. Returns the line number of the last occurrence of RATLIN E() a character expression within another character expression or memo field, counting from the last line. RDLEVELQ Returns the current READ level. Activates objects, such as fields, checkboxes, READ lists, popups, buttons, etc., created with @... GET AND @ ... EDIT commands. Activates READ MENU a popup created with @...MENU commands. Returns a value that represents the key pressed to exit from certain editing commands, READKEYQ or a value indicating how the last READ WASTERMINATED.. RECALL Unmarks specified records marked for deletion. 95 Returns the number of records in the current or RECCOUNTQ RECNOQ specified database file. Returns the current record number. Returns the record size of a database file open RECIZEO in the current or specified work area. Creates regional memory variable and arrays. Identical memory variables or arrays created within regions do not interfere with each other. REGIONAL You first need to define a region number (e.g.#REGION 2) and then regional variables (e.g.REGIONAL NAME, A.B.C.) Rebuilds all open index files in the current work REINDEX area. Returns relations expression for the current or RELATIONQ a specified database file. Releases REALEASE LIBRARY a specified external API library (written in C or assembly language) from the memory. Release a specified or all user-defined menu RELEASE MENUS bars from the memory. Releases a specified or all pads from a menu RELEASE PAD bar. Releases a specified or all user-defined popups RELEASE POPUP from the memory. Release a specified option or all options from a RELEASE BAR user-defined popup. Releases the definition of specified window(s) RELEASE WINDOWS from the memory. Releases a binary file from the memory that RELEASE MODULE RENAME has been placed in the memory with LOAD. Renames a file. Replaces the contents of specified Field(s) with REPLACE new expression(s) 96 Returns a character string that contains a REPLICATEQ specified character expression repeated a specified number of times. Produces a report as the format stored in a REPORT report format file. Restores the memory variables and arrays from RESTORE FROM a memory file or a memo field. Restores keyboard macros to the memory from RESTORE MARCROS a file or a memo field. RESTORE SCREE Restores a previously saved screen. Restores window definitions to the memory RESTORE WINDOW from a file or a memo field. A window definition is saved with SAVE WINDOW. Resumes RESUME the execution of a suspended program. A useful error-handling command that re- RETRY executes the previous command. Returns program control to a calling program. Control can be transferred to the previous RETURN calling program, a specified program or the highest level-calling program. Returns an RGB color pair or an RGB color pair RGBSCHEMEQ list from a specified color scheme. Returns the specified number of rightmost RIGHTO characters from a character string. Attempts to lock one or more records of a RLOCKO database file. Return a numeric expression rounded to a ROUNDO specified number of decimal places. ROW() Returns the current row position of the cursor. RTODQ Converts radians to degrees. Returns the specified character expression with RTRIMQ all trailing blanks removed. 97 Executes RUN an external operating system command or program. Saves a set of keyboard macros to a keyboard SAVE MACROS macro file or to a memo field. Saves a screen or window image to a buffer, a SAVE SCREEN memory variable, or an array element. Saves specified or all memory variables to a file SAVE TO or a memo field. Saves all or specified window definitions to a SAVE WINDOW file or a memo field Marks the beginning of a SCAN...ENDSCAIM structure. SCAN database FoxPro scans through the current file and executes a block of commands for each record that meets the specified condition(s). Copies data from the current record to an array SCATTER or a set of memory variables. Returns a color pair or a color pair list from a SCHEMEQ specified color scheme. Returns the number of columns available on SCOLSQ the desktop or the main FoxPro window. Scrolls an area of screen up, down, left, or SCROLL right. Returns the number of seconds that have SECONDSQ elapsed since midnight with a resolution of 1 millisecond. Searches the current indexed database file for SEEK the first occurrence of a specified expression in the controlling index key. Searches the current indexed database file for SEEKQ a specified expression. search is successful. 98 Returns .T. if the Activates the specified work area. SELECT Any file open in that work area becomes the active (current) database file. Returns the number of the current work area or SELECTQ the unused work area with the highest number. A very powerful and flexible SQL command that SELECT - SQL retrieves data from one or more database file. Opens the View window and provides an easy SET way to open database files, establish relations and to change several other settings. Note: For SET ON/OFF commands, the default setting is given in upper case. SET ALTERNATE on/OFF Enables or disables output to an Alternate file. Creates a text file with default extension. TXT SET ALTERNATE TO for storing screen or printer output of most commands, except full-screen commands Specify how comparison between strings of SET ANSI on/OFF different lengths are made with the = operator with SQL commands. Determines whether or not FoxPro flushes data SET AUTOSAVE on/OFF buffers to disk on termination of READ, or the program returns to the command window. Enables or disables sounding of bell during SET BELL ON/off editing. Sets the bell attributes, i.e. frequency and SET BELL TO duration. Determines whether or not the blinking or highdensity attributes can be specified. SET BLINK ON/off (Applicable only for EGA and VGA monitors on FoxPro for DOS) Specifies how FoxPro allocates disk space for SET BLOCK SIZE the storage of memo fields. 99 Defines a border for popups created with DEFINE POPUP and for windows created with SET BORDER DEFINE WINDOW. Border can be of various types—single- or double-line border, panel, none, etc. Enables or disables the display of the status bar in a SET BRSTATUS on/OFF Browse window. Status bar displays information, such as the current drive, database file, number of records and state of special keys. Determines whether or not. FoxPro carries data SET CARRY on/OFF forward from the current record to the new record created with APPEND or INSERT. Specifies the fields from which the field data is SET CARRY TO carried forward to a new record. Determines whether or not the century portion SET CENTURY on/OFF of date expressions is displayed. Determines whether or not FoxPro clears the SET CLEAR off/On screen on issuing SET FORMAT or QUIT. Determines whether or not FoxPro displays the SET CLOCK on/OFF/ Status system clock. (STATUS - FoxPro for windows SET CLOCK TO Specifies the dock location on the screen. only) Specifies the colors of user-define menu system SET COLOR OF s and windows. Specifies the colors of a color scheme or copies SET COLOR OF SCHEME SET COLOR SET one color scheme to another color scheme. Loads colors from a Previously defined color set. Specifies the colors of user-defined menus and SET COLOR TO windows. It affects color scheme 1 and 2. 100 Controls compatibility with FoxBASE+ and other Xbase languages. It affects response of FoxPro SET COMPATIBLE on/OF t0 commands @...SAY...GET, and READ, functions, LIKEO, PLAY such as MACRO, SELECTQ, SET PRINT, etc. Specifies whether or not Enter or Tab must be SET CONFIRM on/OFF pressed to exit an input field and move to the next object. Enables or disables output to the screen or a SET CONSOLE ON/off window. SET CURRENCY TO Defines the currency symbol. SET CURRENCY LEFT/ right Specifies the position of the currency symbol. Determines whether the cursor is displayed SET CURSOR ON/off during a pending @...GET. Sets the format used to expressions. One can choose SET DATE display date a date format, such as American, British, French, German, Italian, Japan, etc. Enables or disables menu access to the Debug SET DEBUG ON/off and Trace windows. If DEBUG is set to off, you cannot open these windows. Specifies the SET DECIMALS minimum number of decimal places displayed in the result of mathematical calculations. Specifies the default drive and directory for SET DEFAULT TO various file read and write operations. Specifies whether or not FoxPro processes records marked for deletions. When set to ON, SET DELETED on/OFF records marked for deletions are not included with commands, such as LIST, COPY, REPORT, etc. SET DELIMITERS on/ OFF When set to ON, fields displayed with @.. GET are enclosed within delimiter character(s). 101 Specifies the delimiter character(s). The default SET DELIMITERS TO delimiter character is When DEVELOPMENT is ON (the default value), FoxPro compare the creation date and time of a program with those of its compiled object file SET DEVELOPMENT ON/ off when you run a program. If the source program is more current than the compiled program, it recompiles the program before execution. SET DEVICE TO SCREEN /printer/file Directs output of @ ...SAY commands to the specified device (i.e. screen, printer, or file). Selects the specified display mode. The various display modes available to choose from include, SET DIPLAY TO CGA, COLOR, EGA25, EGA43, MONO, VGA25 AND VGA50. Determines whether or not commands executed SET DO HISTORY on/ OFF from a program are placed into the command window. Activates debugging. SET ECHO ON/off the Trace window for program Breakpoints can also be set within the Trace window to suspend the program at a particular command. Determines whether or not the execution of a SET ESCAPE ON/off command or program interrupts on pressing the Esc key.. Specified the rules used when comparing strings of different lengths. When set to ON, the SET EXACT on/OFF expressions must match character for character, including blank spaces, for them to be equal. Specifies whether data base files are opened for SET EXCLUSIVE ON/off exclusive or shared use on a network. 102 Specifies whether all or only selected fields (as specified with SET FIELDS TO) in a database file SET FXLEDS on/OFF are used with commands. With SET FIELDS OFF, all fields are accessible. Specifies the field list that are accessible when SET FILEDS TO FIELDS is set to ON. Specifies a condition for the current database SET FILTER file. This condition is automatically applied to all commands that use the database file. Specifies whether or not the number of decimals places used in the display of numeric data is SET FIXED on/OFF fixed. When set to ON, a fixed number of decimals places, as specified with SET DECIMALS are displayed for all numeric outputs. Specifies a custom screen format file for use SET FORMAT with APPEND, BROWSE, INSERT, etc. instead of the standard format. Specifies whether or not CDXQ, DBF(), IDX() SET FULLPATH ON/off return the path in a file name. Assigns a new value to a function key. Besides programming functions SET FUNCTION keys, you can also program combinations of contains keys with other keys, such as Ctrl, shift, etc. Determine whether or not column headings (e.g field SET HEADING ON/off name) are displayed for fields with commands, such as LIST DISPLAY, AVERAGE etc., Enables or disables the FoxPro online help SET HELP ON/off facility. Specifies a new help file for use with the FoxPro SET HELP TO online help facility. 103 Enables to FoxPro to display a subject of help topics in the Help window, For example, you can SET HELPFILTER set HELPFILTER to display only file Management or Printing Commands. Sets the system clock to a 12- or 24 hour time SET HOURS format. Opens one or more index files for use with the current database file. You can open both .IDX SET INDEX and .CDS files with SET INDEX. Determines whether or not FoxPro uses the enhanced screen colour attribute for the display SET INTENSITY ON/off of editing fields. On monochrome monitors, the editing fields are displayed in reverse video with INTENSITY set to ON. SET KEYCOMP DOS/WIN DOWS Controls FoxPro keystroke navigation on different platforms (FoxPro for Windows only) Opens an external Application Program Interface SET LIBRARY (API) routine library file to extend the capabilities of FoxPro and its user interface. Enables or disables automatic file locking in SET LOCK on/OFF certain commands, such as AVERAGE, CALCULATE, COPY, LIST, SORT etc., Determines SET LOGERRORS off whether or not FoxPro sends compilation error messages to a text file When ON/ set t0 on, the compilation errors are stored in a log file with the same name as the compiled program with extension. ERR. Specifies a key or key combination that displays SET MACKEY the Macros dialog box. By default, it is shift +F10 Specifies the left margin in printed output. For instance SET.MARGIN TO 10 leaves a margin 10 SET MARGIN characters on the left side of all printouts. 104 Specifies a menu pad or popup option mark character. The mark character is displayed on the left of the menu option. There is a separate SET mark of command for setting mark character for Menu, Pad, Popup and Bar. Mark characters cannot be changed in FoxPro for Windows. Specifies a delimiter to use in the display of date expressions, e.g. SET MARK TO SET MARK TO The default delimiter is forward slash (/). Specifies the displayed width (in columns) of memo SET MEMOWIDTH fields and character expressions. It affects output of commands, such as LIST, ?/??,DISPLAY, etc., SET MESSAGE <expC> TO SET MESSAGE <expN> TO Specifies a message for display under the status bar (when status bar is on). Specifies the row location where user-defined messages are displayed Defines a window in which the user-defined SET MESSAGE WINDOW messages are displayed. Enables or disables the mouse. (FoxPro for DOS SET MOUSE ON/off only) Specifies the sensitivity of mouse in the range of 1 through 10 (default 5) (FoxPro for DOS SET MOUSE TO only) SET OFF MULTILOCKS on/ Determines whether or not multiple records can be jocked with LOCKQ or RLOCKQ Determines where the record pointer is positioned after FIND or SEEK unsuccessfully searches for a record. When set to ON, it is SET NEAR on/OFF positioned on the closet record. When set of OFF, it is positioned at the end of file. EOFQ returns.T. 105 Enables or disables the display of certain system SET NOTIFY ON/off messages. When set of OFF, a few system messages are not displayed Determines the interval at which the record counter is SET ODOMETER updated in response to certain commands, such as INDEX, SORT, COPY. The default value is 100. Enables or disables Rushmore optimization. It affects commands, such as BROWSE, CHANGE, SET OPTIMIZE ON/off COPY TO, EDIT, LIST, SORT, REPORT, TOTAL etc., Selects a specified index file or tag as the controlling SET ORDER (master) index file/tag for the current or specified database file. Optionally, the index order, i.e. ascending or descending can also be specified. Specifies SET PALETTE ON/off whether or not the FoxPro color palette is used for displaying. BMP pictures and OLE objects. (FoxPro for Windows only) Specifies a path (a set of directories) for file SET PATH searches. FoxPro searches for files in the path if it cannot find a file in the default directory. Loads a printer driver setup or clears the SET PDSETUP current printer driver setup. Determines the decimal point character used in SET POINT the display of numeric expressions. The default decimal point character is a period (.) Enables or disables SET PRINTER on/OFF output to the printer. However, the output of @..SAY is not routed to printer. Print output is routed to the specified file or SET PRINTER TO port. It can also send printer. 106 output to a network Opens the named procedure file. SET PROCEDURE procedure file can be open at a time. Determines SET READBORDER OFF Only the on/ if boarders are placed around editing regions created with @...GET.( FoxPro for Windows only) Determines whether or not the screen displays change made to records by other users on the SET REFRESH network while viewing records in the Browse Window. Establishes relation between two or more open SET RELATION database files on a common filed. Can also be used to clear relations. Breaks an established relationship between the SET RELATION OFF current database file and another open database file. Specifies how many time's or for how long SET REPROCESS FoxPro attempts to lock a file or record after an unsuccessful locking attempt. When set to on, any change made to the FoxPro SET RESOURCE ON/off environment is saved in the resource file. Changes are not saved when RESOURCE if OFF. By default, FoxPro uses FOXUSER.dbf as the SET RESOURCE TO resource file. This command can be used to specify any other file as the resource file. Determines whether or not FoxPro displays a SET SAFETY ON/off warning before overwriting an existing file. When set to ON, FoxPro displays the status of the NumLock, CapsLock, and Insert Keys in row SET SCOREBOARD on/ OFF zero when the status bar is off. When both scoreboard and status bar are off, the status of these keys is not displayed (FoxPro for DOS only) 107 Specifies the character that separates each group of three digits to the left of the decimal SET SEPARATOR point. Used with @...SAY PICTURE command. The default separator character is comma (,) Globally displays or removes shadows from all. SET SHADOWS ON/off Windows and popups. (FoxPro for DOS only) Creates SET SKIP TO one-to-many relationships between database files open different work areas Enables or disables a menu bar based on a SET SKIP OF MENU specified condition. Enables or disables a menu pad based on a SET SKIP OF PAD specified condition. Enables or disables a SET SKIP OF POPUP popup based on a specified condition. Enables or disables a popup option (bar) based SET SKIP OF BAR on a specified condition. Determines whether or not a space is displayed SET SPACE ON/off between fields or expressions with the? or ?? Command. Displays or removes the status bar. The status bar displays information, such as current drive, SET STATUS on/OFF database file, number of records, status of special keys, etc., Displays or removes a Windows style status bar SET STATUS BAR ON/off in FoxPro for Windows. (FoxPro for Windows only) Opens the Trace window and suspends the SET STEP on/off program. Useful for debugging of programs. Specifies how the mouse displays menus in the SET STICKY ON/off SET SYSMENU ON/ off/ automatic FoxPro menu system (FoxPro for DOS only) Enables or disables access to the FoxPro system menu bar during program execution. 108 Determines whether or not FoxPro displays response to certain commands on the screen or SET TALK ON/off a window. Enables or disables the evaluation of fields, SET TEXTMERGE on/OFF functions and expressions that are surrounded by text merge delimiters. Specifies the text merge delimiters. The default SET TEXTMERGE DELIMITERS text merge characters are double angle brackets. Specifies the initial help topic that is displayed SET TOPIC on invoking the FoxPro help system. Enables or disables tracing between breakpoints SET TRBETWEEN ON/off in the Trace Window. Specifies the maximum size of the typeahead buffer, i.e., the number of characters that can SET TYPEAHEAD be stored in the typeahead buffer. Specifies whether FoxPro passes characters to a SET UDFPARMS VALUE/Reference TO user-defined function (UDF) by value or by reference. Specifies whether or not records with duplicate index key values appear in an index file. For SET UNIQUE on/OFF instance, a file indexed on the NAME field will not have two records with "Ritu Sharma" when UNIQUE is ON. Opens or closes the view window that provides SET VIEW on/OFF an easy way to open database files, establish relation etc., Restores SET VIEW TO the FoxPro environment from a specified view file. Specifies a window in which memo fields are SET WINDOW OF MEMO edited. Returns the status of a special SET command. SET() For example,? SET("TAK") displays ON or OFF depending on the previous SET TALK command. 109 SHOW GET Redisplays an @...GET object SHOW GETS Redisplays all @...GET controls Displays SHOW MENU SHOW OBJECT one more user-defined menus without activating any menu. Redisplays a specified object Displays one SHOW POPUP or or more user-defined popups without activating them. Displays one or more user-defined windows or SHOW WINDOW FoxPro system windows without activating them. Returns a numeric value of 1, -1 or 0 depending on the sign of a specified numeric expression. SIGN() For positive number, it returns 1 and for negative numbers, it returns-1 SIN() Returns the sine of an angle. SIZE POPUP Changes the size of a named popup. Moves the record pointed forward or backward SKIP in the current or specified database file. Determines whether a popup bar is enabled or SKPBARO disabled. Determines whether a menu pad is enabled or SKPPADO disabled. Sorts records in the current database file and SORT stores the sorted data in a specified new database file. Returns SOUNDEXQ a phonetic representation of the specified character expression. Returns a character string made of a specified SPACEQ number of spaces (ASCII-032) Returns the square root of the specified numeric SQRT() expression. Returns the number of rows available on the SROWS() screen. 110 Stores the specified data in memory variables or STORE array. Automatically creates the memory, if they do not exist. Returns the character string equivalent to a STRQ STRTRAN() STUFF() specified numeric expression. Searches a character expression or memo field for occurrences of a second character expression or memo filed, and then replaces each occurrence with a third character expression or memo field. Returns a character string after replacing a part of a character expression. Returns a specified number of characters from SUBSTR() the specified character expression or memo field Total all or specified numeric field values in the SUM current database file. The results can be stored in memory variables(s) or arrays SUSPEND SYSMETRICQ Temporarily halts the execution of a program and returns to the command window. It retains all memory variables. The suspended program can be resumed. Returns the size of a display element.f FoxPro for Windows only) Returns the SYS(O) machine number and machine name when using FoxPro on a network. Returns the current system date as a Julian day SYS(l) number character string. Returns the number of seconds elapsed since SYS(2) midnight. Returns a unique legal file name. This name SYS(3) that can be used to create temporary files. SYS(5) Returns the current default drive setting. SYS(6) Returns the current print device. SYS(7) Returns the name of the current format file. SYS(8) Returns the FoxPro serial number. 111 Returns a character type date from a Julian day SYS(9) number Converts date expression or character string in SYS(IO) date format to a Julian day number. Returns the amount of memory below 640KB SYS(ll) that is available to execute an external program. Returns the status of the printer, such as online, SYS(12) offline, ready, etc., Returns index expression of an open single­ SYS(13) entry (.IDX) index file or index expressions for tags in compound (.CDX) index files Translates the second character str8ng by the SYS(14) first character string. Primarily SYS(15) useful Europeans who for use the letters convenience with of diacritical marks. Returns SYS(16) the name of the program being executed. Returns the name of processor (e.g. 80286 and SYS(17) 80386) in use. Returns the name of the memory variable, array SYS(18) element or field used to create the current control. Transforms a character expression containing SYS(20) German text to a character string. Returns the number of master controlling index SYS(21) file or index tag in the selected work area. Returns the name of the master controlling tag SYS(22) or index file for a database file. Returns the amount of EMS memory (in 16K SYS(23) segments) that is currently being used FoxPro. 112 by Returns the EMS limit set in your configuration SYS(24) SYS(IOO) file. Returns 0 if no limit is set. Returns the CONSOLE setting, i.e. ON or OFF. Returns SYS(lOl) the DEVICE setting, i.e. SCREEN, PRINTER, etc... SYS(102) Returns the PRINTER setting. SYS(103) Returns the TALK setting, i.e. ON or OFF. Returns the amount of memory available to the SYS(lOOl) FoxPro memory manager. This includes high memory between 640k and JMB. Returns the amount of memory being used by SYS(1016) user-defined objects, such as windows, popups, variables, menu bars, etc. Returns the name of the first file that matches SYS(2000) the specified skeleton. Returns status of the specified SET (on/off) SYS(2001) SYS(2002) command. Turns the cursor on or off. Returns the name of the current directory on SYS(2003) the default drive. Returns the name of the directory that FoxPro SYS(2004) SYS(2005) was started from. Returns the name the resource file in use. Returns the type of graphics card and monitor in SYS(2006) use. Returns the checksum value of a character SYS(2007) expression. Specifies shape of insert and overwrite mode SYS(2008) cursors. (FoxPro for DOS only). Swaps the shape of the insert and overwrite SYS(2009) mode cursors. (FoxPro for DOS only.) Returns the FILES setting in CONFIG.SYS. The SYS(2010) function returns 255 in FoxPro for windows. 113 Returns the record or database file lock status 3YS(2011) for the current work area. Returns the memo field block size for the SYS(2012) current database file or a database file open in another work area. Returns a SYS(2013) space delimited character string containing names used by the FoxPro menu system. Returns the minimum SYS(2014) path relative to the current or specified directory for a file. Returns a unique ten-character name that begins with an underscore followed by letters SYS(2015) and numbers. Can be used to create unique procedure or function name. Returns the window name included in the last SYS(2016) SHOW GETS WINDOW command. Clears the screen and displays the FoxPro sign- SYS(2017) on screen. Returns the error message parameter for the SYS(2018) most recent error. Returns the name and location of the FoxPro SYS(2019) SYS(2020) configuration file. Returns the total size of the default disk drive. Returns filter expression of an open single-entry SYS(2021) (.IDX) index file or filter expressions for tags in compound (.CDX) index files. SYS(2022) Returns the cluster size of a disk. Returns the drive in which FoxPro stores its SYS(2023) temporary files. Returns a tag name from an open compound TAG() index file (.CDX) or the name of an open single­ entry index file (.IDX). TAN() Returns the tangent of an angle. 114 Returns the alias of a database file that is the TARGETQ target for a relation. Marks beginning of the TEXT...ENDTEXT block. FoxPro outputs lines of text placed between TEXT them to screen, printer of a file. This structure can also include expressions and functions. TIMEQ Returns the current system time. Creates summary records (for the database file TOTAL in use) in a new database file with one record for each group of identically records. Formats character or numeric expressions using TRANSFORM() PICTURE and FUNCTION codes. Returns the specified character expression after TRIM() removing all trailing blanks. Returns the length of a character expression TXTWIDTHQ with respect to the average character width for a font. (FoxPro for Windows only) Displays the contents of an ASCII file on the TYPE screen. The output can also be routed to printer. Returns the data type of the specified memo TYPEC) field or character, numeric, logical or date expression. Releases a record lock, multiple record locks or a file lock from the current or specified database UNLOCK file. It can also release all record and file locks from all open database files. Updates fields in the current database file with UPDATE data from another database file based on some common field. Returns true (.T.) if you changed any data UPDATED() during the most recent READ. Returns the specified character expression in UPPER() upper-case. 115 Opens a database file and associated index files. USE Can also open the database file in a specified work area. Returns true (.T.) if a database file is open in a USEDQ USER-DEFINED FUNCTIONS(UDFs) specified work area. Creates new functions. A UDF is similar to a procedure and can return value(s). Returns a numeric expression from a specified VAL() character expression composed of number. Returns VARREAD() (in upper-case) the name of the memory variable, array element, or field used to create the current @ ... GET field or control. Returns the number of the version of FoxPro in VERSIONO use. Pauses the execution of the FoxPro command or program and displays a WAIT message. FoxPro resumes operation on pressing a key or clicking the mouse. Determines whether or not the specified window WBORDERC) has a border. Returns either the number of child windows in a WCHILDQ parent window, or names of child windows. Returns the number of columns within the WCOLSQ specified windows. Returns true (.T.) WEXISTO if the definition of the specified window is in the memory. Returns the name, size or style of the current WFONT() font for a window. (FoxPro for Windows only) Returns the name of the window that was active WLAST() prior to the current window. Returns the column coordinate of the top-left WLCOL() corner of the current or specified window. Returns the row coordinate of the top-left WLROWQ corner of the current or specified window. 116 Determines WMAXIMUMQ whether or not the current specified window is maximised. Determines WMZNIMUMO whether ornot a current or whether or not the current or specified window is minimised. Determines WONTOP() or specified window is in front of all other active windows. Determines whether or not output is being WOUTPUT() directed to the current or specified window. Returns the name of the parent window of the WPARENT() current or specified window. Determines WREADQ whether or not the current or specified window is involved in the current READ. Returns the number of rows within a specified WROWS() window. Returns the title assigned to the current or WTITLE() specified window. Determines whether or not the specified window WVISIBLEO has been activated and is not hidden. Returns the YEAR() year form the specified date expression. Removes all records from the current database file. This is equivalent to DELETE ALL followed ZAP by PACK. However, ZAP is much faster. Once ZAPped, records can not be recovered. Allows you to change the size and position of a ZOOM WINDOW window. A window can be maximised, minimised, resized or repositioned. (1) REFERENCES: 1. Taxali, R.K, Foxpro 2.5 made simple (New Delhi: BPB Publications, 1996) 117
