Reporting what somebody said In this last learning activity of English Dot Works 7, you will learn how to report other people’s words in different contexts by changing the tenses of speech. For that purpose, we will do a review of the different tenses learned so far, in order to contrast direct speech with reported speech. In addition, you will learn some vocabulary related to crime and punishment. Fuente: SENA Introductory material Dear learner, This material will help you study the topics related to learning activity 4. You will learn about: 1. Reported speech. 2. Crime and punishment vocabulary. Let’s begin! 1. Reported speech Read the following stories about a girl who dated two different men. Fuente: SENA Well, we were at a party and he asked if I wanted to dance. He looked kind of nice, so I said yes. When we were walking off the dance floor he held me tight. He asked me if I wanted to go out. The next Saturday, we went to a fancy restaurant. We ate a delicious meal and had a marvelous time. He walked me home and all the stars were shining bright. Before he left he kissed me. It was fantastic! Fuente: SENA I met him on a blind date. He picked me up at my place. I couldn’t believe it when I saw him. He was wearing jeans and a t-shirt and of course I was wearing a killer black dress. He didn’t say anything at all about it. He said his vehicle was outside. He had a motorbike! I couldn’t believe it. He told me that we were going to the best restaurant in the city. When we arrived I was so disappointed, but I said to myself that everything was going to be okay; however, everything got worse. He took me to a fast food restaurant. At the end of the date, he said he had left his wallet at home and he didn’t have money, so he asked if I could pay for the dinner. He asked if I could take the bus because he was almost out of gas. I was waiting for a taxi when he told he had a great time and asked me if he could call me for another date. I didn’t say yes and before I got into the taxi he tried to kiss me, and I just ran into the car. It was awful! Note: We use reported speech to tell what another person said. We must make a distinction between direct speech and reported speech. Have a look at the following tables: Direct speech Reported speech “Do you want to dance?” He asked if I wanted to dance. “We are going to the best restaurant in the city.” “I left my wallet at home and I don’t have money.” He told me that we were going to the best restaurant of the city. He said he had left his wallet at home and he didn’t have money. So he asked if I could pay for the dinner. “Can you pay for the dinner?” Other tenses change like this: DIrect speech Reported speech Tense Sentence Tense Present simple “I work at night.” Past simple Present continuous “I am reading a book.” Past continuous Past simple “I lost my wallet.” Past perfect Past continuous “I was jogging.” Past perfect continuous Sentence He said he worked at night. He told he was reading a book. He said he had lost his wallet. He told me had been jogging. Present perfect continuous “I have seen the film.” “I have been working out.” Past perfect “I had cut myself.” Past perfect Past perfect continuous “I had been dancing.” Past perfect continuous Will “I will buy a car.” Would Present perfect He said he had seen the film. He told me he had been working out. He said he had cut himself. He told me he had been dancing. He said he would buy a car. Past perfect Past perfect continuous Modal verbs change like this: Direct speech Modal verb Sentence I can speak English. “I may arrive late.” Can May “I must apply for a scholarship.” Must Reported speech Modal verb Sentence He told us he could speak English. He said he might arrive late. He told her he must / had to apply for a scholarship. Could Might Must / Had to Note: The word that is optional after say and tell. Direct speech Reported speech Tense Sentence Tense Sentence Present simple “I work at night.” Past simple Present continuous “I am reading a book.” Past continuous He said (that) he worked at night. He told her (that) he was reading a book. Note: You can use said and told in reported speech but they are used differently. You can’t use said with an object pronoun; you must use told with an object pronoun. Correct Incorrect He told us he was coming. He said us he was coming. He told her he loved her. He said her he loved her. Note: pronouns also change in reported speech. Direct speech Reported speech Tense Sentence Tense Past simple “I lost my wallet.” Past perfect Past perfect “I had cut myself.” Past perfect Sentence He said he had lost his wallet. He said he had cut himself. Note: time expressions also change in reported speech. Direct speech Time Sentence expression “I had a date Today today.” “I must leave now.” Now Yesterday …Days ago Last day / week / month / year Next day / week / month / year Tomorrow Tonight “I didn’t work yesterday.” “I saw her some days ago.” “I traveled to London last year.” “I will take my final exam next week.” “I’m moving tomorrow.” “I can help you tonight.” Reported speech Time expression Sentence That day He said he had had a date that day. Then He said he must / had to leave then. The day before … Days before The day / week / month / year before The day / week / month / year The next / following day That night / last night He said he hadn’t worked the day before. He said he had seen her some days before. He said he had traveled to London the year before. He said he would take his final exam the following week. He said he was moving the next day. He said he could help her last night. Note: places also change in reported speech. Direct speech Reported speech Place Sentence Place Sentence Here “I’ll wait here.” There He said he would wait there. Note: Questions also change in reported speech (where, when, what, etc.) or if / whether. Types of questions With question word (where, when, what...) Without question word (yes or no questions) “What are you doing?” “Did you call her?” Direct speech Reported speech That He asked me what I was doing. Those He asked me if / whether I had called her. 2. Crime and punishment vocabulary In this part, we are going to study crime and punishment, and vocabulary related to it. Crime is an illegal activity such as murder or robbery. Punishment is a penalty imposed on someone who is convicted of a crime. It could be, for example, time in prison or a fine. Note: There is an important difference between criminal law and civil law. Criminal law deals with matters such as murder. Civil law deals with matters such as contracts or divorce. The police are not normally involved in civil law. A. Types of crime The following are the most common types of crime: Crime Definition Abduction / kidnapping Taking a person to a secret location using force. Armed robbery Using a weapon to steal. Arson Setting fire to a place on purpose. Assault Hurting another person physically. Attempted murder Trying to kill someone (but failing). Burglary, breaking and entering Going into another person's home or business with force. Child abuse Injuring a child on purpose. Domestic violence Physical assault that occurs within the home. Drug trafficking Trading illegal drugs. Drunk driving Driving after having too much alcohol. Fraud Lying or cheating for business or monetary purposes. Hijacking Holding people hostage (usually on a plane). Murder / homicide Taking someone's life through violence. Ransom A sum of money demanded in exchange for someone or something that has been taken. Shoplifting Stealing merchandise from a store. Smuggling Bringing products into a country secretly and illegally. Speeding Driving over the speed limit. Terrorism Acts of crime against a group (political / religious) or another country. Theft Stealing. Torture Extremely cruel and unfair treatment (often towards prisoners). Vandalism Damaging public or private property (for example with spray paint). White collar crime Breaking the law in business. B. Types of punishment These are the most common types of punishment: Punishment (example offence). Traffic ticket (speeding, parking). License suspension (drunk driving). Fine (hunting out of season). House arrest (a young offender who is waiting to go to court). Community service (a youth that steals a car for the first time). Jail time (man who assaults his wife). Life in prison (a man or a woman who commits homicide). Definition Leaves marks on driving record / involves paying a fine. Driving rights are removed for a certain period of time. Pay money as punishment for minor / petty crime. Remain in one's home for a certain period of time. Do volunteer work such as teaching children about crime or cleaning up garbage. Spend a certain amount of months or years locked away from society. Spend the rest of one's life in prison with no chance of going back into society. C. Questions related to crime The following boxes will present common questions that are asked in contexts related to crime. 1. Questions from law breakers or suspected criminals Why did you pull me over? Have I done something wrong? Is this illegal? What are my rights? Can I call a lawyer? Where are you taking me? Can I make a phone call? 2. Questions police may ask a suspected criminal Are you carrying any illegal drugs? Do you have a weapon? Does this belong to you? Whose car is this? Where were you at eight last night? 3. Informing someone of laws and police procedures You are under arrest. Put your hands on your head. I am taking you to the police station. Please get in the police car. You will have to pay a fine for this. I will give you a warning this time. I'm going to write you a ticket. We'll tow your car to the station. Smoking in restaurants is illegal in this country. It is against the law to do drugs in public. Have a look the following images and their descriptions. See how the actual speech is reported by someone else. Direct speech: A thief Direct speech: A Direct speech: broke into the shop last homicide took place Someone is drunknight and stole some yesterday in the village. driving on the highway. money. Reported speech: Maria told me that a thief had broken into the shop last night and had stolen some money. Reported speech: The people from the village said that a homicide had taken place there yesterday. Fuente de imágenes: SENA Reported speech: A friend told me that someone was drunkdriving along the highway. Direct speech: A man Direct speech: A man is has committed Direct speech: A assaulting another man. vandalism. mugger stole her purse. Reported speech: The Reported speech: My police reported that a man friend told me a mugger was assaulting another had stolen her purse. man. Reported speech: People from the neighborhood told the police that a man had committed vandalism. Fuente de imágenes: SENA Direct speech: An unknown perpetrator commited arson at a mansion outside of town. Reported speech: The authorities reported a perpetrator committed arson at a mansion outside of town. Direct speech: The father of the girl who was kidnapped is paying a ransom to the kidnapper. Reported speech: The news report said that the father of the girl that was kidnapped was paying a ransom to the kidnapper today. Fuente de imágenes: SENA Direct speech: A teenager has shoplifted for years at a major supermarket. Reported speech: The supermaket employees told the police a teenager had shoplifted at their supermaket for years. Contextualization Watch the following news report about a robbery. Have you ever witnessed a robbery? Fuente: SENA Natasha Lieberman: Good afternoon everyone. Welcome to LPQ News Network. I’m Natasha Lieberman reporting from our headquarters. We have some breaking news coming from the downtown area. Apparently, a group of armed men has broken in the Local Bank offices located at Woodhouse Lane in an attempt to rob the bank. Bystanders report that the bank employees have been subjected to force and threats by the criminals. Let’s now move to the scene, where our reporter, John Payne has been following the events. Hello, John. What is happening right now at the bank? Fuente: SENA John Payne: Good afternoon, Natasha. Tragic news happening here since, as you mentioned before, an armed bank robbery is happening right now at the Woodhouse Lane offices of the Local Bank. The robbers entered the bank a few minutes after midday and, apparently, threatened those inside in order to obtain cash. As far as we know, the robbers are armed. At this point, they have been inside the bank for almost two hours. During the events, a policeman has been hurt when he tried to approach to the robbers to negotiate. We are going to speak to police officer and a few bystanders who have witnessed the events. Fuente: SENA John Payne: Good afternoon, Officer Carter. Police officer: Good afternoon, John. John Payne: First thing I would like to ask you is about the people inside the bank right now. What do you know about them? Are they alright? Police officer: Well, it is difficult to know for sure because there were more than 50 people inside the place when the robbers broke in. Four hostages who were in bad health were released one hour after the assault started. What we know about the other hostages is what they have told us. John Payne: What did they say? Police officer: Well, basically, one of them said the rest of the hostages were OK. He said that the hostages were not being treated violently and that they had been kept apart in a room where they had access to water and toilet facilities. John Payne: It’s good to know that they are fine. But, what are the robbers asking for? What do they want for the hostages? Police officer: Again, what we know is what the hostages that were released told us. We have not established any point of contact with the bandits. John Payne: Did they send a message with the released hostages? Police officer: Yes. That’s right. What they have reported to us is that the robbers have actually taken up a large amount of money with them. So, what they want is to leave the place with the cash without getting hurt by the police. Otherwise, they will remain inside. John Payne: Are you willing to negotiate with them under these conditions? Police officer: Absolutely not. What we have stated is that there will be no negotiation until we make sure all the hostages are perfectly safe and that will only occur when they become free. John Payne: Sure. We all hope the bandits release them as soon as possible. I heard that a police Officer had been hurt. Is that true? Police officer: Yes. Unfortunately, as soon as the events started, one of our men tried to approach to the bank entrance in order to speak to robbers. He was not armed at all; however, these criminals attacked him. They shot at him. He was hurt in one of his shoulders. Fortunately, the medical team assisted him right away and he is fine now. He is at the hospital at the moment and his life is out of danger. John Payne: Definitely. Officer Carter, thank you very much for your time. We really appreciate you for joining us. We hope the situation gets solved soon and that all people are safe. Police officer: Thanks to you. Fuente: SENA John Payne: Hello Sir. What’s your name? Thomas Owens: Hi. I’m Thomas Owens. John Payne: Mr. Owens, thank you for joining us today. So, you were inside the bank for about an hour. What happened there? Thomas Owens: Well, it all happened very fast, actually. I was inside doing some business when suddenly I heard a man yelling at us. John Payne: What did he say? Thomas Owens: He said we were under his control and that we had to stay quiet. He also made us get on the floor. John Payne: Was he alone? Thomas Owens: No, there were three other men with him. John Payne: Were they armed? Thomas Owens: Heavily armed. They were carrying several types of weapons, which frankly, I did not recognize, but, all of them were carrying arms. John Payne: That must have been very disturbing, indeed. Thomas Owens: It truly was. I mean, it is still very disturbing because there are still many hostages inside the bank. John Payne: Yes, that’s true. Let me ask you a final question. You are now free and out of danger. How did that happen? Thomas Owens: Yes, that’s right. I have a heart condition. I started to feel really bad inside. I was sweating profusely and I was feeling breathless. Many of the other hostages noticed I wasn’t doing well so they were all around me trying to help. The robbers realized the situation; thus, they came and spoke to me. John Payne: What did they tell you? Thomas Owens: They told me they didn’t want me to get any worse. They asked about my health. I told them the truth; that my heart was not strong enough for that sort of situation. John Payne: That must had been shocking for them. Thomas Owens: I believe it wasn’t. They just told me I had to collect my things and, then, gave me a message to share with the authorities. John Payne: What was that message? Thomas Owens: They said they were not leaving nor releasing the hostages until they were sure they were not going to be captured. John Payne: I see. If that is their last word the Police are in the middle of a tough situation here. Well, I’m glad you are outside now. I hope you and everyone else can overcome these terrible events. Thomas Owens: Let’s hope everything gets sorted soon. John Payne: Thank you for your time Mr. Owens. We really appreciate you sharing your story with us. Thomas Owens: My pleasure. Fuente: SENA John Payne: Hey, guys. What are your names? Everyone: Hi! Hello. Nicole: I’m Nicole. John: My name is John. Richard: And, I’m Richard. John Payne: Why are you here lads? John: Well, we were not looking forward to it, actually. The three of us were just round the corner at Ben & LPQ having some ice cream when we heard a gunshot. We were very worried so we left the place for a while. Nicole: Yeah. That’s right. We left and then we heard it was an armed bank robbery at Woodhouse Lane. My dad is a police Officer and he usually works near here so I was very worried because I knew he was close and that he might have attended to this emergency. John Payne: Is your dad here right now? Nicole: Yes, he is. But, he is safe, fortunately. He’s supervising the situation at the moment. John Payne: Has he spoken to you? Nicole: Yes. I spoke to him a couple of minutes ago. He told me that everything was going to be alright. He also told me they had been speaking to the robbers and that their conversations were being held in good terms because they were willing to release the hostages. Richard: He also said that he was really positive and that he was hoping the hostages were released in the next hour. John Payne: That sounds like good news. John: Sure! Let’s hope the robbers let them go soon and that nobody gets hurt. John Payne: That’s what we all are waiting for. Thank you, guys for the time. Everyone: Thanks, Thank you. Comprehension A. After reading the news report about the bank robbery, decide if the following statements are true or false: Statements About forty hostages had been released by the criminals. Nicole’s dad is a police officer. The robbers were asking for a ransom. Thomas Owens suffered a heart attack during the hold up. According to Officer Carter, the police were not willing to negotiate with the criminals. Nicole, Richard and John were having hot dogs when they heard the gunshot. A police officer was shot dead while trying to approach to the criminals. The robbers sent a message to the police with the hostages that were released. The Local Bank is located Downtown. The robbers have been inside for about ten hours. True False B. Drag the boxes to reorganize the news reported into the correct chronological order. C. Now, match the expressions to their correct definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Assault _____. Robber _____. To break in _____. Gunshot _____. Ransom _____. Weapon _____. Hostage _____. Witness (noun) _____. A person who takes money or property illegally. The sound the shooting of a gun makes. a Someone who is made a prisoner usually to force other people to do something. c b Hurting another person physically. The amount of money wanted in exchange for someone or something that has been taken. A person who sees an event happening; usually a crime or accident. e f An object used in fighting or war, such as a gun or a bomb; usually used against someone. Entering a building by damaging a door or window, frequently to steal. g h d D. Read the following sentences that were extracted from the news story. Select the correct expressions from the list to complete the sentences. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. under his control hostages were released stay quiet. were not leaving competent positive was going to be alright were not going to be captured being treated violently 1. “He told me that everything ______________________”. 2. “They said they _______________nor releasing the hostages until they were sure they ____________________________”. 3. “He said we were _______________ and that we had to ___________”. 4. “He also said that he was really _____________ and that he was hoping the _________________ in the next hour”. 5. “He said that the hostages were not ___________________”. Practice 1 A. Change the direct speech into reported speech sentences and questions. a. “I haven’t done anything new for ages.” b. “I don’t like eating at home on weekends.” c. “How much did you pay for your dress?” d. “We’ll buy our clothes on the Internet.” e. “Do you have the traffic ticket?” f. “Where are the elevators?” g. “You have to finish the report.” Example: She said (that) she hadn’t done anything new for ages. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I told him ____________________________________________________. She asked me ________________________________________________. They said ____________________________________________________. The policeman asked me _______________________________________. The man asked her ____________________________________________. His boss told him ______________________________________________. B. Click on the correct answer. 1. Sarah said that she will / would come with us. 2. He said me / told me that he saw the suspect. 3. 4. 5. 6. My mom asked me if I can cook / could cook the dinner. They asked her where she works / does she work. He asked the police man how much the fine was / was the fine. She told us she haven’t bought / hadn’t bought anything. C. There was a theft in a shop. Look at the following questions the police officer asked the shop owner. Rewrite the questions using reported speech. Fuente: SENA Police officer’s questions Reported questions What’s your name? The police asked him ______________. Did you see the robbers? The police asked him ______________. What were they wearing? The police asked him ______________. How do you think they got in? The police asked him ______________. What did they take? The police asked him ______________. Has this ever happened before? The police asked him ______________. D. Look at the following famous quotes from a group of scientists who have influenced the way we perceive the world today. Read their quotes and report their words accordingly. Scientist Quote Reported quote Nicolaus Copernicus “Moreover, since the sun remains stationary, whatever appears as a motion of the sun is really due rather to the motion of the earth.” He said that since the sun _______stationary, whatever _______as a motion of the sun _______ really due rather to the motion of the earth. “I can calculate the motion of heavenly bodies, but not the madness of people.” He said he _______the motion of the heavenly bodies, but not the madness of people. “At some future period, not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilized races of man will almost certainly exterminate, and replace the savage races throughout the world.” He said that at some future period, not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilized races of man _______ almost certainly _______, and _______ the savage races throughout the world. 19 February 1473 - 25 May 1453. Sir Isaac Newton 25 December 1642 20 March 1726. Charles Darwin 12 February 1809 - 19 April 1882. Dimitri Mendeleev 8 February 1834 - 2 February 1907. Sigmund Freud 6 May 1856 - 23 September 1939. Michael Faraday 22 September 1971 25 August 1867. Thomas Alva Edison 11 February 1874 - 18 “I suppose when my unknown elements are found, more people will pay us attention.” He said he supposed when his unknown elements_______, more people _______attention. “Religion is an illusion and it derives its strength from the fact that it falls in with our instinctual desires.” He said that religion _______ an illusion and it _______ its strength from the fact that it _______ in with our instinctual desires. “Nothing is too wonderful to be true, if it be consistent with the laws of nature.” He said that nothing _______ too wonderful to be true, if it _______consistent with the laws of nature. “I never did anything by accident, nor did any of my inventions come by accident; they came by work.” He said he_______ anything by accident, nor _______any of his inventions _______ by accident; they _______by work. October 1931. Albert Einstein 14 March 1874 - 18 April 1955. Stephen Hawking “Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.” He said education _______ what _______ after one _______ what one _______in school. “My advice to other disabled people would be, concentrate on things your disability doesn't prevent you doing well, and don't regret the things it interferes with. Don't be disabled in spirit as well as physically.” He said that his advice to other disabled people _______, concentrate on things your disability doesn’t prevent you doing well, and don’t regret the things it _______with. Don’t be disabled in spirit as well as physically. 8 January 1942. Fuente de imágenes: Wikimedia commons Practice 2 A. Look at the following cartoon and read it. Then, transform the sentences in the bubbles into some form of reported speech. Fuente: SENA Bubble 1 She told Chuck _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. She asked Chuck _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. Bubble 2 Chuck told her _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________. Bubble 3 She told Chuck _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. B. Match the sentences 1 - 6 with the people in the picture. Fuente: SENA 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Can I sit in the first row? _____ I woke up late. _____ I want to read the first exercise. _____ Did you bring your books? _____ We had homework! _____ I left my book. _____ C. Who said what? Can you remember? Look at the image again and complete the sentences in reported speech. a. Laura said ________________________________________________. b. Sarah said ________________________________________________. c. The teacher asked __________________________________________. d. David said_________________________________________________. e. Samantha asked____________________________________________. f. Monica said________________________________________________. D. A woman left a voice message to her husband. Go to the multimedia, listen to the four extracts from the message and report each sentence. Fuente: SENA Extract 1: Wife: “Hi sweety. How are you? I called twice but you didn’t pick up the phone. I think you’re still at the meeting”. Extract 2: Wife: “I was in a supermarket but I forgot to buy some things for dinner. I just arrived home.” Extract 3: Wife: “Can you, please, bring a bottle of wine, a baguette and a bouquet of white roses?” Extract 4: Wife: “Oh, I almost forgot about the napkins. They just ran out. Can you bring some of those, too? Thanks darling. Love you”. Extract 1: a. She asked _______________________________________. b. She said _________________________________________. c. She said _________________________________________. Extract 2: d. She said ________________________________________. e. She said ________________________________________. Extract 3: f. She asked ______________________________________. Extract 4: g. She said ________________________________________. h. She said ________________________________________. i. She asked_______________________________________. j. She said thanks and she said ________________________. Pronunciation practice Note: This practice must be completed using the multimedia version of the study material. There you will find the corresponding audio files. A. Intonation: Tones in words In English Dot Works 6 we learned about intonation and applied different tones to simple yes and no answers. Now, it is time for you to practice tones with more complex words. Before moving on, let’s take a look at the symbols and how they are going to be used in this activity: In monosyllabic words: The symbol that represents tone precedes the word. For example: \ right or / riɡht In polysyllabic words: The stressed syllable also carries the tone. In this case, the stressed syllable is underlined and the symbol that represents tone precedes the syllable. For example: / morning or \ morning Now, let’s review the tones and see how they are used in mono and polysyllabic words. Fall A falling tone usually conveys a feeling of finality. This means that it is all to be said. For example: A. Are you sure nobody rang while I was out? B. I’m \ sure. Rise A rising tone usually means interest. It usually sounds like a question. For example: A. Peter left the country today. I think he had legal issues here. B. / Really? Note: When English speakers are listing to items, they use a systematic combination of falling and rising tones. Let’s go to the multimedia version, listen to how this works: A. Hey, Mike! Could you please tell me how many bags are there in the garage? B. Sure! I see / one, / two, / three and \ four bags. A. Thanks a lot, pal. As you can notice, the pattern for listing is using a rising tone for each item until you get to the last one, which has a falling tone. Fall-rise A combination of a falling plus rising tone normally suggests there is no certainty about the answer given. For example: A. Kelly, are you going to finish this practice tonight? B. \./ Maybe. Fall-rise A combination of a rising plus falling tone normally transmits a big sense of impression or surprise. For example: A. Welcome to my new apartment! What do you think of it? B. It’s /\big! I love it. Good job! Now, let’s do some practice. 1. Go to the multimedia, select one of the options from the box to match the tone or tones used by speakers B in each dialog. Some options can be used more than once. One example is done for you. Indicates definiteness (2) / Shows interest (2) / Suggests uncertainty / Shows surprise (3) / Presents items on a list Example: a. A. Can I borrow ten bucks? I forgot my wallet today. B. \/Probably. Let me check how much I’ve got. Suggest uncertainty b. A. Mom, I failed my science test. B. a/\ɡain. c. A. The baby was born ten minutes ago. It is a beautiful and healthy baby girl! B. /\Oh! d. A. An armed robbery took place last night near here. B. Last /night? e. A. Hi, Melissa. I heard you’re traveling to the United States. What cities are you visiting? B. I’m going to / Washington, Chi/ cago and \Boston. A. /\Wowǃ. That sounds amazing. I hope you have a wonderful time there. f. A. Hey, dad! Can I take your car? B. /Now? A. Yes. I have to be at university by 10.00 a.m. B. Im\possible. g. A. Do you think Astrid was right? B. No \way. 2. Go to the multimedia and listen to the following conversation. Choose the appropriate tone for each of the underlined words or syllables. Fall \ / Rise / / Rise-fall /\ / Fall-rise \/ A. Hey, Charles! Long-time no see. B. Hello, Vincent. Yes, you are right. I’ve been a little bit busy at university. A. Me too. Anyway, what are you up to right now? B. Right now? A. Yes! B. I’m visiting some friends from university. You probably know a few of them. A. Probably. Who are you seeing? B. I’m seeing Johana, Richard, John and Nicole. A. Right. I know Johana, Richard and John. I actually never met Nicole. B. Do you want to come with me? I’m seeing them in just a few minutes. I can introduce you to Nicole! A. Sure. B. Great! Let’s go. B. Homophones are groups (usually pairs) of words that are pronounced the same although they have different meanings and may have a different spelling. Drag the words to match their homophones. One example is done for you. a. Warn. b. Weekly. Clime. Whet. Lain. c. Pore. Row. d. Steak. More. e. Sweet. Suite. f. Moor. Stake. g. Roe. Pour. h. Lane. Weakly. i. Wet. Worn. j. Climb. a. C. Homographs are groups (usually pairs) of words that are spelled the same but pronounced differently. Go to the multimedia, listen to the following words and choose the correct word class for each item based on its stress pattern. One example is done for you. a. Noun adjective or Noun adjective or Verb b. c. Verb Noun adjective or Noun adjective or Noun adjective or Noun adjective or Verb d. Verb e. Verb f. Verb Now, listen to the pairs of homograph words again and check their pronunciation and stress. Then, record yourself and practice recording them. Uplift a. ˈʌplɪft ʌpˈlɪft (Noun) (Verb) Segment b. ˈseɡmənt seɡˈmənt (Noun) c. (Verb) Object ˈɑbdʒɪkt əbˈdʒekt (Noun) (Verb) Content d. ˈkɒntent kənˈtent (Noun) (Verb) Rebel e. ˈrebel rɪˈbel (Noun) (Verb) D. Read the following sentences. Type the correct spelling for the word that has been transcribed. Sentence Word The ˈkɪdnæpɪŋ lasted for two weeks. They were convicted of ˈɑrsən. The kidnappers demanded a ˈrænsəm of $10 million for the CEO. He was caught ˈsmʌɡlɪŋ. Mr. Mitchell was under haʊs əˈrest for 5 years. My dad was fined for ˈspidɪŋ. A 22-year old girl was əˈsɔltɪd last night. What a ˈhevnlɪ girl! Now, go to the multimedia, listen to the sentences and check the stress and intonation patterns used. Then, record yourself and practice pronouncing them. The kidnapping lasted for two weeks. They were convicted of arson. The kidnappers demanded a ransom of $10 million for the CEO. He was caught smuggling. Mr. Mitchell was under house arrest for 5 years. My dad was fined for speeding. A 22-year old girl was assaulted last night. What a heavenly girl! References Wikimedia commons. (2012). Albert Einstein during a lecture in Vienna in 1921 (age 42). Consultado el 18 de octubre de 2015, en http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AEinstein1921_by_F_Schmutzer_ 2.jpg Wikimedia commons. (2014). Fundador del psicoanálisis, fumando. Consultado el 18 de octubre de 2015, en http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ASigmund_Freud_LIFE.jpg Wikimedia commons. (2010). Michael Faraday, oil, by Thomas Phillips. Consultado el 18 de octubre de 2015, en http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AM_Faraday_Th_Phillips_oil_184 2.jpg Wikimedia commons. (2014). Nicolaus Copernicus portrait from Town Hall in Thorn. Consultado el 18 de octubre de 2015, en http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ANikolaus_Kopernikus.jpg Wikimedia commons. (2009). Photograph of Charles Darwin, published by John G. Murdoch. Consultado el 18 de octubre de 2015, en http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ADarwin__John_G_Murdoch_Portrait_restored.jpg Wikimedia commons. (2010). Portrait of Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev wearing the Edinburgh University professor robe. Watercolour on paper. Consultado el 18 de octubre de 2015, en http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AMedeleeff_by_repin.jpg Wikimedia commons. (2013). Portrait of Sir Isaac Newton, oil on canvas. Consultado el 18 de octubre de 2015, en http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AIsaac_Newton%2C_English_Sch ool%2C_1715-20.jpg Wikimedia commons. (2006). Stephen Hawking during the press conference at the National Library of France to inaugurate the Laboratory of Astronomy and Particles in Paris and the French release of his work God created the integers. Consultado el 18 de octubre de 2015, en http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stephen_Hawking_050506.jpg Wikimedia commons. (2012). Thomas Alva Edison photo and signature. 1915. Consultado el 18 de octubre de 2015, en http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3A%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D 1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81 _%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1 %82%D0%BE_%D0%96%D0%97%D0%9B.JPG Document control Author Adaptation Name Position Kelly Johanna Vera Diettes & Nicole Bruskewitz Theme experts Asesoras English Dot Works Programa de bilingüismo Rachman Copy editor – Línea Bustillo Martínez de producción Dependence Date Dirección de formación November profesional. 2014 Dirección General Centro Agroindustrial. Regional Quindío October 2015
