diccionario tecnico

TÉRMINOS EN INGLÉS A UTILIZARSE EN EL ESTUDIO
Glosario o diccionario de términos en inglés a utilizarse en el Estudio.
Preparado por John Healy
Fecha última actualización: Marzo 2008
Objetivo: facilitar a los integrantes del Estudio, que necesitan redactar documentos en inglés, una
lista de los términos comunes que se suelen utilizar en el Estudio en las distintas áreas, y de esa
manera permitir coincidencia en el uso a favor de los clientes.
Contenido: los términos están divididos, en general, de acuerdo a determinados rubros, como por
ejemplo: Organismos, Administrativo, Corporativo, Seguros, Sistema Jurídico; términos comunes,
dando el término o sigla en español y la correspondiente traducción o uso en ingles.
Divididos en orden alfabético bajo los siguientes rubros:
 Organismos y Agencias
 Administrativo / Contractual
 Impositivo
 Corporativo y Comercial
 Patentes y Marcas
 Financiero
 Seguros
 Sistema Jurídica
 Laboral
 Términos comunes
ORGANISMOS Y AGENCIAS
Administración Nacional de Aduana
Aduana
AFIP
AFJP
AGN
ALCA
ANSES
ART
Boletín Oficial (B.O.)
Casa de moneda
CNDC
CNCE
Comisión Nacional de Valores (CNV)
= National Customs Administration
= Customs
= National/ Federal Tax Administration/Federal
Administration of Public Revenues
= Retirement and Pension Funds Administrators
= General External Auditing Body
= American Free Trade Area
= National Administration of Social Security
= Labor Risk Insurance Companies
= (Argentine) Official Gazette (O.G.)
= Mint
= Defense of Competition Authority/
Antitrust Agency/Commission
= National Commission for Foreign Trade
= (Argentine) National Securities Commission
CONSEJO PROF DE CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS = Professional Accountants Association or
Association.
COMFER
= Argentine Federal Broadcasting Committee
Defensor del Pueblo de la Nación
Defensoría del Pueblo
DGI
= National People’s Ombudsperson
= Office of the Ombudsman
= Argentine Internal Revenue Service
Dirección de Vialidad
ENRE
INDEC
INSSJP
LSC
Roads Authority
National Electricity Regulatory Authority
National Institute of Statistics and Census
National Institute of Social Services for
Retired Persons and Pensioners
= General Inspection of Corporations (UK and
Ireland: Companies Registration Office)
= Argentine Business Associations Law (BAL)
Ministerio de Justicia
Obra Social
Organismo público
PEN
Prepaga
=
=
=
=
=
Ministry of Justice
Health care
Public Agency
National Executive Branch
Private Health care
Previsión social
Procuración General de la Nación
Registro Civil
SAFJP
=
=
=
=
Social Security
General Attorney Counsel for the Government
Office of Vital Records o Oficial Registry
Pension Funds Supervisory
Authority / Superintendent
Obligatory Labor Conciliation Board
Secretariat of Sustainable Development and
Environmental Policy
National Audit Office / Office of Auditor
General
Retirement and Pension Funds Integral
System
Audit office
Inspección General de Justicia (IGJ)
=
=
=
=
SECLO
=
Secretaría de Desarrollo Sustentable y
=
Política Ambiental
SIGEN (Sindicatura General de la Nación) =
SIJP
=
Sindicatura
Superintendencia de Riesgos del Trabajo
(SRT)
=
= Superintendence of Labor Risks
ADMINISTRATIVO / CONTRACTUAL
Acompañar una declaración jurada
Acreditar (fondos en banco / cuenta)
Acreditar (diplomático)
Acreditar (representante)
Actuando en forma conjunta, separada o
alternativamente pueden ...(están ..... )
Agente de aduana
Aplicación de una ley
Apostilla
Aranceles, derechos e impuestos
Artículo del contrato
Ausencia de renuncia
Autárquico
Autenticar/dar fe de/atestiguar
Aviso de retorno
Aviso de desocupación de un bien inmueble
=
=
=
=
=
append an affidavit
to credit (an account)
to accredit
to authorize
acting jointly, separately or alternatively
may ... (be and hereby are authorized to ...)
= Customs broker
= enforcement of a law
= Apostille
= rates, duties and taxes.
= contract clause
= no waiver
= autarchic / autarchical
= to notarize/to attest to…
= return receipt requested
= notice to quit
2
Bienes muebles
Cesión y sub-locación
Comitente
= personal property/goods and chattels/ U.S.
personality(ies)
= Official Document Letter/ Special Certified
Letter (not used in English speaking countries
= portfolio
= sales agreement
= lease (agreement)
= expiration, (lapse, loss of validity)
= expired, (lapsed, no longer valid)
= (in U.S.) the execution, delivery and
performance of an agreement)
= enter into/perform/sign (U.S. deliver and
perfect) an agreement
= assignment and subletting
= principal
Comprobantes
= supporting documentation/receipt
Conjunto de derechos
Comuníquese
Copia legalizada
Cúmplase
=
=
=
=
bundle of rights
Let it be known / made public
authenticated copy
So ordered
Decreto
Decreto ley
Derechos adquiridos
Desalojar las instalaciones
=
=
=
=
Decree
Executive Order
vested rights
surrender possession of the premises
Desalojo
Día laboral / hábil
Días corridos / consecutivos
Domicilio (de un individuo)
Domicilio de una entidad/sociedad
Domicilio comercial
Domicilio real
Donación con cargo
Doy fe
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
eviction / holding over
business day / court day
calendar / consecutive days
domicile
legal domicile
principal place of business/corporate domicile
actual address
donation with an accessory obligation
in witness whereof (contracts) / I certify the
foregoing
Ejemplares/copias
Ejercicio del cargo (durante el)
El presente Contrato tiene por objeto...
Empresas de servicios públicos
Entrar en funciones
Entregados en mano
Entregar un informe
Estudio jurídico
Escritura de compraventa
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
counterparts
(during his/her) incumbency
the purpose of this Agreement is ...
public utilities companies
take office
personal delivery
furnish a statement/report
law firm, law offices
bill of sale (US) / deed of conveyance
Carta Documento
Cartera
Contrato de compraventa
Contrato de arrendamiento/de locación
Caducidad
Caduco
Celebrar/ejecutar un contrato
Celebrar/ejecutar un contrato
3
Escritura de propiedad
Examen de fondo (patentes, etc)
Ex oficio
= title deed
= in-depth examination
= ex officio (on own initiative)
Fecha de vencimiento
Firma y sello
Firmar conjuntamente
Funcionario (público)
Función pública
Incapacitar
Indistintamente
Inmobiliario
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
due date
hand and seal
Sign jointly
officer/ public official/ civil servant
civil service
disqualify
indistinctively
real property / real estate
Legal, establecido por ley
Locación / sublocación
Locador/arrendador
Mandato
Marco regulatorio
Mediación
Audiencia de mediación/conciliación
Mesa de entradas
Negador
Normas de seguridad
Notificación de incumplimiento de pago
Obligación establecida en el Contrato
Ocupante de un cargo, titular
Orden público (de)
Organismo de control
Órgano de fiscalización
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
statutory
lease / sublease
landlord
term of office/mandate/power of attorney
regulatory framework
mediation
mediation/settlement hearing
filing desk
disclaimer
safety norms
notice of default
covenant contained in the Agreement
incumbent
public policy
regulatory agency
supervisory body
Pago total
Parte firmante de un contrato
Parte contratante (de un contrato)
Perito
Perito examinador
Prescripción / prescrito
=
=
=
=
=
=
Pueden firmar indistintamente
Quien suscribe /el abajo firmante
payment in full
signatory / party to an agreement
party to a contract/agreement
expert
examining expert
statute of limitations / barred by the
statute of limitations
= Any one of them, acting alone, may sign
= undersigned (the)
Recíprocamente
Régimen
Régimen de reparto
Registro de Automotores
Remito
Renuncia a derechos de ocupación
Repartición pública
Requisitos
Requisito previo
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
interchangeably
system / regimen / regime / rules governing…
state-sponsored retirement savings plan
Car Registry Office
delivery note
waiver to conservation rights
government agency / government department
requirements
essential prerequisite
4
Requisitos sustantivos y complementarios
Reserva legal
Resolver una controversia
Responsabilidad solidaria
Retención de posesión (al terminarse el
contrato de locación)
=
=
=
=
substantive and adjective requirements
statutory reserve
to resolve / settle a controversy
joint and several liability
= holdover (tenant)
Servicios de liquidación
= settlement services
Subsecretaría
= Undersecretariat
Subsistente (quedar)
= remain in force
(quedar derechos y obligaciones subsistentes = enduring rights and obligations)
Suscripción del Contrato
= execution of the Agreement
Testado no vale
= crossed-out portion should be ignored
Texto ordenado
= restated text
Titular (Director)
= Regular / incumbent / (Director)
Título de propiedad
= title deed
Una multa / penalidad
Usurpación
Vencido, retrasado
Vencimiento
Violación de contrato
=
=
=
=
fine / penalty / liquidated damages
misappropriation
overdue
expiration (AmE.) / expiry date or due
date (BrE. payment) / Maturity date
= breach of contract
IMPOSITIVO
Agente fiscal
= tax agent / public prosecutor (UK) / District
Attorney / Government Officer (US).
Carga tributaria/fiscal
= tax burden
CUIT / CUIL
= Taxpayer Identification Number
Declaración de impuestos
= tax return
Deducción tributaria por pérdida
= tax offset / write-off
Desgravación impositiva
= tax exemption (U.S.) / tax relief (U.K.)
Elusión (de impuestos)
= tax avoidance
Estimación de la base imponible
= tax base estimation/appraisal
Evasión fiscal / de impuestos /fraude fiscal = tax evasion
Exento de derechos
= duty free
Exoneración/alivio fiscal
= tax break
Franquicia impositiva, franquicia tributaria = tax exemption
Gravamen por impuestos no pagados
= tax lien
Hecho imponible
= taxable event
Impuesto a las ganancias
= income tax
Impuesto a los ingresos brutos
= gross income tax / turnover tax
Impuesto al valor agregado (IVA)
= Value-added tax (VAT)
Impuesto sobre bienes personales
= Personal assets tax
Impuestos inmobiliarios
= real estate taxes
Impuesto sobre el lujo, impuesto suntuario = luxury tax
Incentivo tributario
= tax incentive
Libre de impuestos
= tax exempt
5
Paraíso fiscal
Presión fiscal
Régimen arancelario
Reglamento aduanero
Responsable inscripto
Retención de impuestos
Revisión tarifaria
Riesgo fiscal
Tasa impositiva
Zona de libre comercio
Zona franca
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
tax haven
tax burden
tariff treatment
Customs regulations
registered taxpayer
tax withholding
Tariff revision
tax exposure
tax rate
free-trade zone
duty-free area / foreign trade zone
CORPORATIVO Y COMERCIAL
Abogado interno/de empresa
ACE (Agrupaciones de Colaboración
Empresaria)
Acciones emitidas y en circulación
Acciones escriturales
Acciones no rescatables
Acciones liberadas
Acciones con derecho a voto
Acreditar la existencia y vigencia de la Soc.
= in-house lawyer
= Business Collaboration Groups
Actuando como vicepresidente en ejercicio
Acuerdo preventivo (extrajudicial) APE
Acuerdo preconcursal
Agente colocador
Artículos concordantes
Asamblea constitutiva
Asamblea anual (de accionistas)
Atentado contra la libertad de comercio
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Bienes registrables
= assets that are recordable or capable of being
registered
= Buenos Aires Stock Exchange
= central securities depositary (of both bonds
and equities)
= Cooperation Consortium
= risk rating
= cancellation, liquidation.
= muerte total de la soc. : Deregistration
= capital stock / nominal slated capital
issued and outstanding shares
book-entry shares
non-redeemable shares
paid-in shares / bonus shares
voting stock
Evidence the existence and legitimacy of the
Company
Acreedor quirografario / privilegiado
= unsecured creditor / secured creditor
Acta constitutiva /Registro de una sociedad = Articles of incorporation / Charter
Bolsa de Comercio de Buenos Aires
Caja de valores
CC (Consorcio de Cooperación)
Calificación de riesgo
Cancelación de soc.
Cancelación registral
Capital social
=
=
=
=
=
=
acting vice-president
Reorganization Agreement (out-of-court)
pre-insolvency proceeding
broker / dealer
associated provisions
organizational meeting
annual (general/shareholders) meeting
restraint of trade
6
Capital integrado / desembolsado
Capital no amortizado
Cargo administrativo
Carta de intención
=
=
=
=
paid-in capital
non-amortized principal/capital.
managerial position
letter of intention
Conocimiento de Vista:
Carta de entendimiento/acuerdo preliminar
Comisión Fiscalizadora
Comitente
Competencia desleal
Concurso preventivo / Procesos concursales
= acknowledgment of Observation
= Memorandum of Understanding
= Surveillance Board
= principal
= unfair competition
= In-court reorganization proceedings /
Insolvency proceedings / Composition with
Creditors / (Chap. XI)
Consejo de vigilancia
= supervisory borrad
Cesion de cuotas
= Quota Assignment
Certificado Provisorio
= Provisional Certificate
Completar
= fulfill
Assignment or surrender o incluso transfer en este contexto
Constituir una sociedad
= incorporate / organize a company
Contralor
= Comptroller / government accounting
inspector
Contrato de compraventa de acciones
= stock purchase agreement
Convocatoria a licitación
= invitation to bid
Cumplimiento Resolución 7/05:
Defensa de la competencia
De-fusionarse
Derecho antimonopolio
Derecho corporativo
Derechos de autor
Derecho de receso
=Compliance with Resolution 7/05
= Defense of competition / Antitrust
= to de-merge from
= antitrust law
= corporate law
= copyrights
= right of withdrawal from partnership /
dissenter’s right (minority shareholders’ right
to withdraw from a company with
compensation when e.g. they dissent to a
merger. Instituto peculiar del derecho
argentino que permite “irme” de una sociedad
en algunos casos, obligándola a comprar mis
acciones. Típicamente cuando se aumenta el
capital y yo no tengo los fondos para
acompañar el aumento para mantener mi
porcentaje.
Derecho de tanteo
Derecho(s) Patrimonial(es)
= right of first refusal
= “Economic Law” / economic rights;
proprietary rights
= preemptive rights
= right of first refusal
= release (partial ...)
= administrative offices
Derechos preferenciales
Derecho preferente de compra
Desafectación (parcial de la cuenta)
Dirección general
7
Directorio
Directores titulares / suplentes
Divisibilidad
DDJJ:
Dictamen
Designación de Representante legal:
Disolución
= Board of Directors
= regular / alternate directors
= severability
= sworn statement
= Legal Opinión
= appointment of legal representative
= dissolution of entities por ej.
Ejercicio/Año fiscal
Entidades que cotizan
Estatutos (societarios)
Estatuto municipal o leyes locales
Escrito:
= fiscal year/period
= listed companies
= Charter
= Ordinance
= Writ o Writing (iIG/GBLD)
Estados Contables Anuales:
= Annual Financial Statements
Facultades (deun poder):
Fiscalización
Fondo de Comercio
Fraccionamiento (de acciones)
Funcionario / Directivo
Gastos generales
Gastos periódicos
powers / atribution
= supervision
= going concern
= split (of shares)
= officer
= overhead expenses
= recurring expenses
Interés adquirido (en una empresa/asunto)
Ley de Sociedades Comerciales (LSC)
Libros de comercio
Llave de negocio / valor llave
Lucro cesante
Mandante
Mandatario
Mercado exterior
Mercado de contado
Objeto social
Obligaciones negociables
Oferta pública de adquisición (OPA)
Ofrecer por separado
Operar legalmente
Oponible a terceros
Oponible en concurso preventivo posterior
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Organigrama
Órgano de fiscalización
Órgano Social (competente)
vested interest
Business Associations Law (BAL)
business records
goodwill
lost profits / loss of profit
principal
agent / proxy / legal representative
oversees / foreign market
spot market
corporate purpose
negotiable obligations
takeover bid, tender offer
to unbundle
lawfully operate
binding on / enforceable against third parties
binding in later reorganization (insolvency)
proceedings
= organizational chart
= supervisory body
= (relevant) Corporate Body
Participación mayoritaria
Patrimonio neto
Patrimonio social
= controlling interest
= shareholders’/owners’ equity, net worth
= corporate net worth
8
Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas
Plano / proyecto
Pliego de condiciones, bases de la licitación
Poder (general)
Prácticas desleales de comercio
Presidente del Directorio
=
=
=
=
=
=
Primera línea gerencial
Propuesta concordataria
Realizar prácticas predatorias
Recargo
Reformas de Estatuto
Régimen de oferta pública
Reglamento de gestión tipo
Reglas del “buen gobierno”
Relación de mandante y mandatario,
sociedad o joint venture
Rentabilidad
Rescate
Registro de Propiedad de Inm.:
Rúbrica de Libros societarios:
=
Small and Medium-Sized Businesses
blueprint
terms of reference
(general) power-of-attorney
unfair business practices
(In U.S. President of the Board) /
Chairman/woman of the Board / Chief
Executive Officer (CEO)
= top managerial level
= credit agreement proposal
= to engage in predatory practices
= surcharge
= Charter amendments
= public offering system
= standard management rules
= corporate governance (in corp. administration)
= relationship of principal and agent, partnership
or joint venture
= yield
= redemption
= Registry of Real Property o Real Est
Notarial signature and seal on Corporate Books
Reforma de por ej. objeto:
Saneamiento
Síndico
Síndico concursal
Sociedad Anónima
Sociedad civil
Sociedad Colectiva
Sociedad comanditaria/en comandito
Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada
Sociedad por acciones
Sociedad en comandita por acciones
Sociedad en comandita simple
Sociedad Accidental / en participación
Sociedad gerente
Sociedad controladora
Sociedad depositaria
Sociedad incorporante
Sociedad incorporada
Sucesores y Cesionarios
Suplente (Director, etc.)
Seguro de Caución:
Tercerización / Externalización
Texto ordenado de estatuto o del contrato
social
Tipos saneotarios
Título nominativo
= Ammendment to corporate purpose
= restructuring
= statutory auditor
= trustee in bankruptcy/receiver
= Corporation
= professional partnership
= General Partnership
= limited partnership
= Limited Liability Company
= Stock Company
= Joint Stock Company
= Silent / Limited Partnership
= Joint Venture / Participation
= managing company
= controlling company
= depositary company
= absorbing corporation / entity
= absorbed corporation / entity
= Successors and Assigns
= alternate (AmE)
= Performance bond
= outsourcing
= restated text of the charter and bylaws
or articles of association
= debt restructuring types
= registered security
9
Títulos valores
= securities
Testimonio inscripto
Transferencia de fondo de comercio:
UTE (Unión Transitoria de Empresas)
Urgente despacho:
Votación por poder
Voto divergente
Vista
Contestación Vista:
Li.Acta de Directorio
= Registered Notarial Certified Copy
= Transfer of a going concern
= Temporary Enterprise Consortium
= urgent expedition
= voting by proxy
= diverse vote
= observation
= respond to observation / o / Answer
observation
Corporate Books
Stock Ledger Book/ Stock Book or Stock
Transfer Book
Board of Directors Meetings' Record
Li Acta de Asamblea
Shareholders Meetings' Record Book
Li.Dep. Acc y Regis. De Asistencia.
Shares Deposit and Meetings'
Assistance Record Book
Certificado Provisorio:
Emitir un dictamen,
Provisory Certificate
deliver an opinion.
Retirar
Presentar
asistir
Certificado de Inhibición
Registro Propiedad del Inmueble
withdraw, take away
submit
Libros Societarios:
Registro de Acciones:
Certificate of
Registry of Real …..
PATENTES Y MARCAS
Cambio de rubro
= recordal of change of name
Cesión de patente
Derechos de autor
Derechos de patente
= patent assignment
= copyright
= patent rights
Gestor de negocios
invocando prioridad
levantamiento de oposición
= agent
= claiming priority
= withdrawal of opposition
Marca de fábrica
Marca registrada
Mención de los derechos de autor
Nombre comercial
=
=
=
=
Presentación tardía (de documentación)
= late filing
Propiedad industrial
Propiedad intelectual
Reivindicación de patente
Solicitud de patente
Titular de los derechos de autor
Titular de una patente
=
=
=
=
=
=
trademark/brand name
registered trademark
copyright notice
trade name
industrial property (rights)
intellectual property(rights)
patent claim
patent application
copyright holder
patentee
10
Transferencia
= assignment (recordal of)
Violación/infracción de patente
Violación de los derechos de autor
= patent infringement
= breach of copyright
Vista
= official action
FINANZAS
Abonado por mes vencido
Activo fideicomitido
Activo intangible
Activo real
Activos subyacentes
Agente de cobro / Gestor de recupero
Amortización de activos
A título oneroso
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Banco girado
Banco librador
Boleto de depósito
Caja de Valores
Cancelar una deuda
Canjear (bonos)
Capacidad crediticia
Capital no amortizado
Cartera de crédito, cartera crediticia
CER
Caución bursátil
Contrato de Fideicomiso
Contrato de prenda
Cotización (en bolsa)
Cotización
Cotizar
Créditos del Disco de Corte
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
paid in arrears on a monthly basis
trust asset
intangible asset
tangible asset
underlying assets
servicer
asset write-downs
for valuable consideration
Cuenta a la vista
drawee bank
issuer
deposit slip
depositary institution
to settle, pay off a debt (U.S. discharge a debt)
swap
borrowing power
outstanding principal / capital
loan portfolio
Stabilization Reference Coefficient
stock exchange pledge
trust indenture
pledge/mortgage (chattel) agreement
listing
quote
to quote
Cutoff Disk Credits (debtors with little or no
balance or bankrupt)
= on demand account /on sight account
Deuda pública
Deuda no garantizada
Deuda abonada en cuotas
Dividendo provisional
Encaje
Fideicomiso
Fondo fiduciario
Fiduciario
Fideicomitente / Fiduciante
Ganancias y pérdidas
Garantías especiales de la emisión
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
government/public debt / Sovereign debt
unsecured debt
installment debt
interim dividend
special (mandatory) reserve
trust
trust fund
trustee
grantor / trustor
profit and loss
special collateral securing the issue
11
Gastos financieros/por intereses
Hecho o situación
(en cuestión de valores, fondos, etc)
Ingreso ... al patrimonio neto
Integración del haber del fondo
Intereses devengados
Moneda nacional
Moneda de curso legal
Mora (en)…
= interest expense
= event or condition
Movimiento de fondos
= entry ... to net worth
= fund portfolio requirements
= accrued interest (sin “s” al final!)
= local currency
= legal tender
= (in) delinquency (credits); in arrears
(payments, salary, rent); in default (interest,
mortgage)
= movement (of funds) in / out of business
Obligacionistas
Oferta pública inicial (OPI)
Operación de pase (banking)
Operaciones de cobertura
Organizador
Pagar
liquidar/saldar
Por encima del valor nominal
Practicar una auditoría
Práctica establecida
Préstamo sin garantía / quirografario
Prima de emisión
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Promedio ponderado de vida
Quebranto de acciones
Reajuste económico
Recargo por diferencia de cambio
Remisión
Representantes de los órganos del fondo
Reserva facultativa
Rescate
Saldar una deuda
Saldos insolutos
Sistema computerizado
Sociedades de Bolsa
Tasa pasiva
Tasa variable
Tipo de cambio comprador o vendedor
del BNA
Titularidad del activo
Utilidad retenida
Utilidades no distribuidas / retenidas
Utilidades por aplicar
Vale canjeable
Valor contable
Valores
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obligation holders / holder of negot. oblig.
initial public offering (IPO)
swap
hedging transactions
arranger
(bill or account) pay / settle
(debt) settle
above par
to perform an audit
standard practice
unsecured loan
(shares) with premium / stock issue at a
premium
weighted average (life)time
share loss
economic cutback
currency adjustment factor (CAF)
release from / cancellation
fund organizers
optional reserve account
repossession
to pay off a debt / to retire a debt (U.S.)
unpaid balance
automated system
Stock Exchange corporate broker
borrowing rate
floating rate
the selling or purchasing rate of exchange
quoted by BNA
(title) ownership of the asset
retained earnings
retained earnings
unappropriated earnings
scrip
book value
securities
12
Valores negociables
Valor nominal
Valor llave
Valor de rescate
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negotiable instruments / marketable securities
par value
goodwill
surrender value
SEGUROS
(Entidades) Aseguradoras de retiro
Asociación de Aseguradores de Vida
y Retiro
Cobertura combinada
Cobertura a primer riesgo absoluto
Ley de Accidentes del Trabajo
MOPRES
= annuity insurance companies
Prima
Por siniestro
Renta vitalicia
Renta Vitalicia Previsional
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Association of Life and Annuity Insurers
blanket contractual liability
primary coverage
Occupational Hazards Law (OHL)
Mandatory Average Pension Fund
Contribution
premium
per loss
life annuity
Pension Fund Annuity
Seguridad social
Seguro Civil Comprensiva
Seguro de Retiro
Seguro de incapacidad
Seguro de vida
Seguro por accidentes de trabajo
Seguro de Responsabilidad Civil
Seguro contra daños
Sistema Integrado de Jubilaciones y
Pensiones
SSN
Superintendente de Seguros
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social security
comprehensive liability insurance
Annuity insurance policy
disability insurance
life insurance
Workmen´s compensation insurance
Third party liability insurance
property insurance
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= Integrated Retirement and Pension System
= National Commissioner for Insurance
= Insurance Commissioner
SISTEMA JURÍDICA
Abogado defensor
Acción cautelar
Acusar / acusación / imputación
Anular una sentencia
Apelar ante (la Corte Suprema)
Aprobar una ley
Aprobación incausada
Asesoría legal
Audiencia
Auto (notificar una orden /un mandato
Judicial)
Autos en estado de dictar sentencia
= defense counsel
= precautionary measure / attachment
= indict / indictment (accusation, allegation,
charge) / to indict somebody for something
= vacate / overturn / quash a judgment
= to appeal to (the Supreme Court)
= to pass a law
= approval / conformity without basis
= legal advice
= hearing
= writ (to serve a writ on somebody)
= ripe for decision (U.S.)
13
Bet-the-Company litigation (casos judiciales en los que está en juego la supervivencia de la
empresa)
Causa
Colegio de Abogados
Condena
Consejo de la Magistratura
Controversia judicial
Daños y perjuicios
Dar lugar a / no dar lugar a
Declarar culpable
Declarar y garantizar
Demanda / denuncia penal
Denunciar un delito
Derechos adquiridos
Derecho sustantivo / adjetivo (procesal)
De pleno derecho
Deposición / declaración (ante un tribunal)
Derogación de una ley
Desistir de la demanda
Dictamen con reservas / salvedades
Dictar / pronunciar un veredicto
Dictar (una) sentencia
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lawsuit / case
bar association
conviction
Board of Judges
legal dispute
damages
provoke, give rise to / overrule (in law)
to find guilty
to represent and warrant
complaint
to report a crime
vested rights
substantive law / procedural law
as a matter of law
deposition / statement (testimony)
repeal of a law
withdraw a suit
qualified opinion
deliver (judge) / reach (jury) a verdict
hand down / pass (a) judgment
Emplazar
Emplazamiento
Entablar acción de indemnización por
daños y perjuicios
Error judicial que causa gravamen
irreparable
Establecer / estipular (leyes, etc.)
Exhorto
Escrito judicial:
Expedir una orden
(notificar a alguien
Formular cargos contra alguien
Hecho ilícito
Homologación
Incomparecencia / rebeldía
Inseguridad jurídica
Interponer / radicar (una) demanda
Interponer (un) recurso
Juez de tribunal inferior
Juicio sumerísimo
Jurisprudencia
= to summon
= summons
La ley y su reglamento
Laudo arbitral emitido por el Tribunal
= law and the regulations thereunder
= arbitration award of the (Arbitration) Court
= sue for damages
= miscarriage of justice
= to stipulate
= letters rogatory
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to issue a writ against somebody
serve notice on somebody.)
to bring an indictment against somebody
unlawful act
approval / ratification (stage)
failure to appear or nonappearance / default
legal uncertainty
file a complaint
lodge / make (an) appeal
magistrate
specially expedited summary proceeding
case law /jurisprudence
14
Legal / establecido por ley
(Ley) interpretado y rígido
Libre de todo gravamen
Litis consorcio pasivo necesario
Mala praxis
Medidas cautelares
Normas de procedimiento arbitral
Notificar (demanda)
Ofrecimiento / promoción de pruebas
Ordenamiento jurídico
Obtener indemnización por daños y
perjuicios
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Persona mayor de edad
Petición de fallo contrario al veredicto
= person of age
= motion for a judgment notwithstanding the
verdict.
= plea for nullity
= by operation of law
= procedural requirements or circumstances
(which must exist)
= trial / case / proceeding
= bankruptcy proceeding
= indictment (US) / prosecution / trial
= restraining order
= criminal record
= return a verdict
= admissible evidence
= expert testimony
= testimony / testimonial proof or evidence
= bill / draft law
= acknowledge rights
= to open a judgment
= an appeal from (AmEng)/against a decision
= appeal to intermediate appellate court
= amparo proceedings
= lodge an appeal against a decision/sentence
= to recuse (AmE) or challenge / recusation
(AmE)
= to decline jurisdiction
= challenge for cause
= peremptory challenge (without stating a
reason)
= recusal (AmE) of a judge
= exception / objection to a witness
= summons server / complaint server
= demand
= court order / judicial decision
= review (judicial)
Planteo de nulidad
Por imperio de la ley
Presupuestos procesales
Proceso (legal)
Proceso Falencial
Procesamiento
Prohibición de innovar
Prontuario
Pronunciar un veredicto
Prueba admisible
Prueba pericial
Prueba testimonial
Proyecto de ley
Reconocer derechos
Reconsiderar una sentencia
Recurso contra una resolución
Recurso de alzada
Recurso de amparo
Recurso de apelación
Recusar / Recusación
Recusar jurisdicción
Recusación con expresión de causa
Recusación sin expresión de causa
Recusación de un juez
Recusación de un testigo
Requirente
Requerimiento de pago
Resolución judicial
Revisión (jurídica)
statutory
(Law) construed and governed
free and clear of all liens and encumbrances
compulsory co-defendant’s joinder
malpractice
injunctive relief / interim injunction
procedural arbitration rules
serve notice (of a complaint) / (on a person)
introduction of evidence
legal system
= to recover damages
15
Sala
Sala del juzgado
Sancionar / aprobar una ley
Secretario judicial / actuario
Seguridad jurídica
Solidario (en ley)
Sumario
So pena de
Suspensión de ejecución
Tasa de justicia
Terminar la presentación de pruebas
Terminado el alegato del fiscal/la defensa
Traslado (a)
Traslado de autos
Traslado de la demanda
Tribunal a quo
Tribunal competente
Tribunal de alzada
Tribunal de primera instancia
Un principio de derecho
Valor probatorio
Vista
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division / chamber (e.g. of a court of appeals)
courtroom
to enact / sanction / pass / a law
court clerk
the rule of law / legal certainty
‘obligation’ = binding on all parties
‘debtor / creditor = jointly and severally liable
summary proceeding / summary order
under penalty of
stay of enforcement
Justice Tax / court fees
to rest a case
the prosecution/defense rests
making the record available to the parties
forwarding of pleadings from one party to
another such that the recipient respond.
= service of process
= lower court tribunal or court
= court of competent jurisdiction
= Appeals Court
= Court of first instance (formal) / initial
jurisdiction / lower court
= a rule of law
= probative / probatory (evidential) value
= public hearing or proceeding / oral hearing or
trial (proceeding by which the court orders a
response from one of the parties. Puede ser
usado en lugar de “traslado a” para que el
fiscal /la otra parte opine/otros opinen sobre
determinada cuestión.
LABORAL
Ámbito/esfera del trabajo
Autónomo - quien trabaja por cuenta propia
Cargo administrativo
Conflicto laboral
Contratistas licenciados, asegurados
y matriculados
Contrato de trabajo
Convenio Colectivo de Trabajo (CCT)
Despido improcedente /sin causa
Despido con preaviso
Despido sin preaviso
Indemnización
Indemnización por despido
= scope of employment
= self-employed
= managerial position
= labor dispute
= licensed, insured and bonded
contractors
= employment agreement
= Collective Bargaining Agreements
= unfair (meaning ‘unjustified’) dismissal or
dismissal/discharge without (just) cause
= dismissal on due notice
= dismissal without due notice / summary
dismissal
= indemnity / indemnification
= severance pay
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Indemnización por accidentes de trabajo
Ley del Contrato de Trabajo (LCT)
= workers’ compensation
= Employment Contract Law (ECL)
Mano de obra
Pago por horas extras
Relación laboral
= manpower / labor
= overtime pay
= employment relationship / employer/
employee relationship
= index-linked minimum wage
Salario mínimo vital y móvil
SECLO (Servicio de Conciliación Laboral
Obligatorio)
Sueldo anual complementario (SAC)
Trabajo eventual / transitorio
= Obligatory Labor Conciliation Service
= Annual bonus (salary)
= casual labor / temporary work
TÉRMINOS COMUNES
A cuenta de...
Acompañar una declaración jurada
Acto seguido
Acuerdo de indemnidad
Acusar recibo
Adjunto al presente
A este respecto
A / para los efectos de
A más tardar el día X
Amparo
Al amparo de (la ley)
Almacen
Al / del presente
*Anexo/Apéndice
Ante / en medio de
Apartado
A quien corresponda
Artículo (de una ley, etc.)
A título indicativo y no limitativo ...
Aunque / si bien es cierto que …
Autoevaluación
Aviso de retorno/remisión
Blanqueo de dinero
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to/against the account of…
append an affidavit
thereupon
hold harmless agreement
(to) acknowledge receipt (of)
herewith
in this regard / on this matter
for (the) purposes of
on or before ...
judicially created remedy
in reliance on (the law) /
under the (law)
= depot
= hereto
= exhibit/annex/appendix (to an agreement, etc.)
[In U.S. Annex = supplementary information,
definitions, etc.
Schedule/appendix (to an Annex) = list of
items such as reporting requirements,
agencies, etc
*Exhibit = model, illustration, forms,
documents furnished, etc]
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in the face of ...
section (of statute or decree) / paragraph
to whom it may concern
section/article
including by not limited to ...
albeit
self-appraisal
remittance advice
money laundering
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Cabe destacar/señalar que
= importantly / it should be pointed out that
Cabe mencionar que
= it is worth mentioning that
Coeficiente entre A y Z
= ratio of A to Z
Comprender (abarcar, contener)
= comprise (of), contain, include
Confidencial. Correspondencia protegida
= Privileged and Confidential Attorney - Client
por secreto professional
Communication / Attorney work-product
Conforme a lo antes establecido
= in accordance with the foregoing
Conforme al presente / en virtud del presente = hereunder
Con la misma fecha del presente
= of even date herewith
Con respecto a
= with regard to / in respect of / with respect to
Consecuentemente / en consecuencia /
por consiguiente
= accordingly / consequently / therefore
Consejero
= adviser
Considerando que, por cuanto
= whereas
Considerandos
= conclusions / recitals
Conste por el presente / Sépase por el
presente …
= Know all men by these presents ...
Contra
= versus
Contracautela
= bond for costs
Convenir (en) / Acordar
= agree (on)
Copia fiel
= true copy
Copia de respaldo / de seguridad
= backup
CPU
= Central Processing Unit
Dar de alto
= to register/enroll/catalogue
Dar de baja
= to cancel / withdraw / reduce (workforce)
Dar el visto bueno
= approval of /sign off on (U.S.) something
Dar lugar a ...
= to give rise to / provoke
De acuerdo a /en virtud de
= pursuant (here)to
De allí en adelante
= thereafter
De conformidad con
= in compliance with/ pursuant to
(De) frente a ...
= facing ...
Dejar sin efecto
= relinquish / abandon / renounce
Del mismo, de la misma, de los mismos
= thereof
Demostrar sumariamente
= show/demonstrate under a brief proceeding
Depósito
= warehouse
Descripción/perspectiva general
= overview
Disposiciones
= provisions
Disposiciones complementarias /
concordantes
= associated / related provisions
Disponer
= to provide, to stipulate
Dotar
= provide /equip (stg. with stg.)
Ejecutar / implementar (una ley)
El abajo firmante, quien suscribe
El plazo es improrrogable
En atención a ...
En base a lo expuesto anteriormente
En conjunto
En el/la presente
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implement
the undersigned
the deadline is non-extendible
in view of (something)
in view of the foregoing
in the aggregate
herein
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En el asunto de
En especie
En fe/testimonio de lo cual
En la medida en que /dentro de lo que
En lo sucesivo / en adelante
En plena vigencia
En respuesta a su atenta carta
En su calidad de
En su conjunto
En tiempo y forma
En trámite
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in the matter of
in kind
in witness whereof
insofar as
hereinafter
in full force and effect
in reply to your kind letter
in his/her capacity as
in the aggregate
in due time and proper form
pending
Entrar en vigencia/vigor
Entrepiso ( de edificio)
Enumerar
En uso de mis facultades
En uso del poder especial
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to take effect, to come/go into force
mezzanine (floor)
list, enumerate
by the authority vested in me
pursuant to the special power of attorney
Fecha de vencimiento
Fehaciente
Gestor
Gravamen
Hacer lugar a ...
Hasta ahora / este momento
Hechos del principe
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Improcedente
=
Imputarle algo a alguien
=
Inciso
Informe / informar
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Inherente a algo
Interrogante
Locación de obra
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Locación de servicios
=
Locación de cosas
Los plazos deben cumplirse estrictamente
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=
due date
reliable / irrefutable
agent
lien
rule in favor of ...
heretofore
government acts (incidents) / Es una de las
variantes del caso fortuito (Act of God)
o fuerza mayor
inadmissible / inappropriate / not properly
filed
to accuse someone of something, to charge
someone with something
subsection / paragraph
report / to report
(you must inform someone of something)
inherent in something / incident(al) to sth.
an issue
building/construction or manufacturing
agreements or other agreements for supply of
works
employment or hiring out of services
(agreement)
rental of real property or goods (agreement)
terms to be necessarily complied with
Mandato (mandato cesa / funciones cesan)
Más arriba
Mayor de edad
Mayorista, comerciante al por mayor
Medidas tendiente a
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commission / mandate expires
hereinabove
of age
wholesaler
measures aimed at / designed to / intended to
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Minorista
Mismo estado en que se encuentra
Movilidad
Muestreo por atributos
No obstante cualquier disposición
en contrario
Nulo y sin efecto
Opinión consultative
Oponible a terceros
Origen (de fondos)
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retailer
“as is” condition
transportation
attribute sampling
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notwithstanding any provision to the contrary
null and void
advisory opinion
binding on 3rd parties / enforceable against
3rd parties
= source of (funds, etc.)
Pariente político
Persona física
Persona jurídica
Plantear un asunto
Por parte de
Por el/la presente
Por el presente le hago saber que
Por lo tanto
Por persona/cabeza
Por su (propia) cuenta
Presentar documentos
Presentar documentos ante el tribunal/
autoridades
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Presupuestos
=
Prever
Procuración (de expediente)
Redactar
Reembolso
Reforma
… y sus reformas
Reintegrar (un préstamo)
Remito
Renunciar / desistir (reclamo, posesión)
Renuncia a derechos
Requisitos de fondo y forma
Salvando las eventualidades
Salvo disposición en contrario por escrito
Salvo disposición en contrario
Secreto profesional médico
Según sea el caso / en su caso / según
el caso
Según se establece en ...
Semestral
Seña
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in-law
individual / natural person
legal entity
to pose an issue
by
hereby
please take notice that ...
consequently
per capita
at (his own) account / expense
submit documents to…
to file documents with the court / authorities
(you file with the court; argue/appear before
the judge or court; bring a proceeding before
a court)
assumptions/premises/suppositions or
budget/estimate (of expenses)
to provide (that / for), contemplate, envisage
court proceedings (consult file/s)
to draft, to draw up
reimbursement / refund / repayment(of a loan)
amendment
as amended
pay off (a loan)
delivery note
relinquish (a claim, possession)
a waiver of rights
requirements of substance and procedure
barring unforeseen circumstances
unless otherwise agreed to in writing
unless otherwise provided
doctor-patient privilege
as the case may be / if applicable / as
appropriate
as set forth in .../stated in / established in
semi-annual (U.S.) / six-monthly / half-yearly
down payment / deposit
20
Servicios públicos
Se solicita acuse de recibo
Sin perjuicio de lo anterior…
= utilities
= return receipt requested
= notwithstanding the foregoing …(aforesaid /
aforementioned + noun)
Siempre y cuando:
= 1 so long as
= 2 Provided (that) Y notá que usamos “,” si
empezamos la oración con la conjunción
Y no si empezamos con la otra cláusula
= 3 on condition that,
(y las puedes usar en tus ejemplo o en cualquier
otro contexto. son totalmente sinonimas las tres).
“You can go out today as long as you do your
homework
You'll have holidays(UK)provided you do your
job”
Provided you do your job, you'll have
holidays(UK) vacations (US
Sin receta (no se puede comprar)
Subinciso
= not available over the counter
= item / point
Tener presente
Toda vez que / puesto que /dado que /
(en la medida en que
Tomar razón
Trámites
Trámite (estar en)
Tramitar ante un tribunal
Trimestralmente
Venta libre
Verosimilitud del derecho
Vigilancia electrónica
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to bear in mind
inasmuch as / since / given that
insofar as)
to make a notation / to record
formalities / procedures to be followed
(to be) pending
to be pending before a court
on a quarterly basis
over the counter (sale)
credibility / plausibility (of the law / right)
electronic surveillance
21