0.85 MB

Anuncio
721
!
APÉNDICE VII. MODELO ESTÁNDAR
A. ALGUNAS PARTÍCULAS ELEMENTALES
!
"#$#%&$!
%'()*+!
7'895!
:;*/<4895=!
7>+*?/!@A)4-!
$,()'-'!
!
./0/!
"!
"!
!
!
%$
!
!
%$
!
!
;->95!
&#!
$345!
#!
$!
#!
!
#!
!!! !
"!
6/52'!
!
!
!
!!!!!!
"!
!
:B4220=!
1/*2/!
"!
!
!
!
!
!
!
7&6.C#%&$!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$&C$!JKG6L$!#%""!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$&C$!Z&QD#%&$!
D43'!
'()*+,-.!
$,()'-'!
/0/12!
3-,4!!
!
./0/!!
/0/152!
4/63-5!
!
!
!
!
76,4!
!
76,4!
4/63-5!
3*6!
!
!
"5#"=!
3*62!
4/63-5!
!
68!
!
#5>%!
!
9,:4!
1;*-7!
!
!
!
"5""?!
"5"#!
#5?!
)3-*4!
2</!
!
3,8!
!
+,32!
3,7!
!
"5$!
#>?!
@5>!
1/*2/!
2#!
"!
2#!
"!
2#!
"!
C!$DE! 2!#DE! C!$DE! 2!#DE! C$DE! 2!#DE!
/0A13-B1*!
$425'!
"!
"!
"!
"!
"!
"!
C#!
2#!
C#!
2#!
C#!
2#!
$345!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
%E(+*'!
"!
"!
"!
"!
"!
"!
#DE!
#DE!
#DE!
#DE!
#DE! #DE!
)/*4954F'!
%E(+*'!
#!
#!
#!
#!
#!
#!
"!
"!
"!
"!
"!
"!
-+38954F'!
!
BGH6#%&$!H&!I!JKG6L$!M!"G6C#%&$!
!
%E(+*'!
!"#$%&'
%'()*+! $,()'-'! ./0/!
1/*2/! N4@/! ! J>/*O0! $425'!
$345!
)/*4954F'!
()%)**'
P>/*O!
!
!!!
!!!!!!!
!!!
RSTIU!
RSTXR!
VW!
R!
Z/()@/!
!!!
WSWW[!
R!
!!!
Z/()@/!
!!!!!
\S\U!
VW!
$42(/!
!
WSWUT!
$42(/!
!
$42(/!
!!!
Q*'895!
%+>8*95!
VW!
YW!
#D$!!!!!!!
#D$!!!!!!!
W!
W!
R!
R!
!
YW!
#D$!!!!!!!
W!
YW!
!
!
VW!
#D$!!!!!!!
W!
R!
VW!
!
!
VW!
#D$!!!!!!!
W!
YW!
WSWT]!
YW!
!
!
YI!
#D$!!!!!!!
W!
YW!
WSWT\!
R!
!
!
YW!
#D$!!!!!!!
W!
YW!
!
!
!
!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
#%""
!F,)!G6*-H)!4,!)/!/416/43-*4!*B)0*9,)I!)B4,!)/!)68,4/!G6/!/JB)3*4!9/43-,!9/!0,)!;*9-,4/)!K!7/),4/)!
722
!
!"#
!!#
$%&'$#
($#
#
#
(&#
"#$!!!!!!#
$#
('#
!"#
!!!!!#
$%&$)#
*#
#
%#
($#
"#$!!!!!!#
$#
('#
+,-./#
!!#
$%01'#
($#
#
%#
(&#
"#$!!!!!!#
$#
(&#
2-34/#
!!#
#
5$#
#
#
5$#
"#$!!!!!!#
$#
*#
2-34/#
#
#
*#
#
!!#
($#
"#$!!!!!!#
$#
*#
!
6789":/%(#;<=>?#'*(@3-4#A-#B/7"CD-E#F-:FCE#A-# G# G# #H# #IJ/7KE#:CD#JD#;<=&?#A-:J@3-4#
!
LM2N+OP;#2P#'#Q<MNR;#S#TP;+OP;#
#
OC,B7-#
;U,BC3C#
T/E/#
V/7./#
W"A/# #
QJ/7KE#
OX,-7C#
# B/7"YD":C#
!"#$%&'(
)%)**(
;".DC#
IJ/7K#
;@"D#
#
*#
*#
*#
*#
#
5'#
*#
*#
*#
#
('#
*#
*#
*#
*#
*#
*#
5$#
5'#
*#
*#
5$#
###
Z"YD#
!!!!!#
*%'>[#
*#
Z"YD#
!!!#
*%'>[#
5$#
Z"YD#
#
*%'>[#
($#
V/YD#
!!!!!!#
*%>[\#
*#
V/YD#
#
*%>[>#
5$#
!!#
#
#
V/YD#
#
!!!!!#
*%>[>#
($#
!!#
#
('#
*#
*#
($#
&%$#
*#
#
#
*#
$#
*#
*#
@E"#
!!!
!!#
!!#
&'#
2#:-7C#
!!!#
$%\0#
*#
#
#
*#
$#
*#
*#
2#5#
!!#
$%\1#
5$#
#
#
5'#
*#
*#
*#
723
!
!
!
"#$%&'()!*+!,-.!/&(0#(1(!/2!3245!1546#(7/5!854!9:!1245724!
!
B. LEYES DE CONSERVACIÓN
"#!
$%! &%'(%! )*)%+! ,-! +%.! /%')0&1+%.! 21-! -3)'%3! %! 13%! '-%&&453! ,-6-! .-'! 4(1%+! %! +%! &%'(%!
,-./17.! ,-! +%! '-%&&4538! 9:*)%! 6-3-;! %3)4</%')0&1+%.! )4-3-3! 13%! &%'(%! &*3! .4(3*!
&*3)'%'4*!%!+%!,-!+%!/%')0&1+%#8!=>-?/+*;!
!9@A@ AB<B#8!
""#!
C3)-.!D!,-./17.!,-!&1%+214-'!'-%&&453E!-+!31?-'*!+-/)534&*!,-!+%!?4.?%!(-3-'%&453!
,-!
+-/)*3-.!
-.!
43F%'4%3)-8!
=>-?/+*;!
!
!
"""#!
"H#!
H#!
H"#!
9
#8!!!
C3)-.! D! ,-./17.! ,-! &1%+214-'! '-%&&453E! -+! 3G?-'*! 6%'4534&*! -.! 43F%'4%3)-8! =>-?/+*;!
!9BAB BABA@A@#!
=+! .%6*'! ,-! !"#$%&'%'!!( %3)-.! D! ,-./17.! ,-! 13%! '-%&&453! -.! 43F%'4%3)-8! =>-?/+*;!
!9@A@
@<BAB#!
$%! ?%.%<-3-'(0%! ,-! +%.! /%')0&1+%.! %3)-.! D! ,-./17.! ,-! +%! '-%&&453! -.! 43F%'4%3)-8! .1!
&I+&1+*!.-!,4J4&1+)%E!/*'21-!+%!?4.?%!/%')0&1+%!/1-,-!)-3-'!?1&K*.!,4J-'-3)-.!34F-+-.!
,-!-3-'(0%E!.-(G3!+%.!&4'&13.)%3&4%.8!
=3!)'%3.J*'?%&4*3-.!,-!K%,'*3-.!?-,4%3)-!J1-'L%!31&+-%'!J1-')-!*!-+-&)'*?%(37)4&%E!
D!-3!43)-'%&&4*3-.!,-!+%!J1-'L%!,764+!,-!/%')0&1+%.!3*<+-/)534&%.E!-+!F%+*'!%&1?1+%,*!
,-!+*.!.4(3*.!,-!+*.!21%'M.!-.!43F%'4%3)-!%3)-.!D!,-./17.!,-!13%!'-%&&4538!=>-?/+*;!
!9BAB B<BAN#8!3*!-.!%.0!-3!+%.!43)-'%&&4*3-.!,-!+%!J1-'L%!,764+!
724
!
"#!$%&'()*+%,!,#-./+#$'01.)%,2!#1!+%,!)*%+#,!,.#-$&#!,#!$&3"*)#1!1#*'&.13,2!$4#4!#1!#+!
"#)%.-.#1'3!"#+!1#*'&01!
!
C. EJEMPLOS DE INTERACCIÓN Y DECAIMIENTO DE ALGUNAS PARTÍCULAS
!
"#$%&'(!)*+,-.-*&/'(!)*!#*0/'&*(!.*)-,&/*!#,!1%*23,!)45-#!
!
.%6&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
/)%&5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!/6!!
/19-#&3!+#$'01.)3!!!!!
!/67878!
.%6&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
/)%&5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!76!!
/19-#&3!+#$'01.)3!!!!!
!
!
!767878!
!
/,%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!
/)%&5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!/6 !/67878!
/19-#&3!+#$'01.)3!!!!!
!
!
"#$%&'(!)*+,-.-*&/'(!&'7#*0/6&-+'(!*&!)'&)*!(*!+'&(*28,!#,!(%.,!)*!#'(!(-$&'(!)*!#'(!
9%,2:(!
0-6&!+*2'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
/)%&5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8!! !878!
/-%,%/#1#&5(%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
/:%+3&!,.513,!;*%&<,!!!!!!!!8
!
(-$.,!!+*2'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
/)%&5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8!
/19-#&3!=%&.01.)3!!!!!!!!!76
/:%+3&!,.513,!;*%&<,!!!!!!!/6
)*#/,!0#%(!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
/)%&5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!76
/19-#&3!=%&.01.)3!!!!!!!!!!!76
/:%+3&!,.513,!;*%&<,!!!!!!!!76
)*#/,!+*2'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
/)%&5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8
/19-#&3!=%&.01.)3!!!!!!!!!!76
/:%+3&!,.513,!;*%&<,!!!!!!!!/6
+,6&!+*2'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
/)%&5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8
/:%+3&!,.513,!;*%&<,!!!!!!!8
+,6&!0#%(!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
/)%&5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!76!
/:%+3&!,.513,!;*%&<,!!!!!!!7>
!
7878!
!!!!!
!878!
!
/678!
!
!7678!
!
7678!
!
!878!
!
/678!
!
!76/6!
7>/>!
!
!7678!
7>78!
!
!"#$%&'()!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'(! !'('("(!
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!'2 '2'2"2!
!"#$%%&'()%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'(! !'3'(!
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!'2 '3'2!
!
'"*+,"%!-./%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3!! !'("(!!
".456%+!7$%-8.-#+!!!!!!!!!!'( !'('3!!
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!!
!
)01*"%&'()!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'( !3'(!!
!
".456%+!7$%-8.-#+!!!!!!!!!!'(
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!!!'(
!
)01*"%%*-$/)%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"(! 3"(!
".456%+!7$%-8.-#+!!!!!!!!!'(
!
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!!!"9 "("2!
)01*"%%*-$/)%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"(! 3"(!
".456%+!7$%-8.-#+!!!!!!!!!'(
!
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!!!"9 "("2!
20%*-$/)%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"( !3"(!
".456%+!7$%-8.-#+!!!!!!!!!!!'(
!
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!!!!!"9 "("2!
20%%!-./!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3 !3'3!
".456%+!7$%-8.-#+!!!!!!!!!!'(
!
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!!!!"( "('3!
,-'3"%&'()!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'( '('3!
".456%+!7$%-8.-#+!!!!!!!!!!'(
!
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!!!!'( '('3!
,-'3"%!-./%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3 !3'3!
".456%+!7$%-8.-#+!!!!!!!!!!'(
!
")$*+%!,-&.+,!/0$%1,!!!!!!!!"( "('3!
!
4'1($")%,-!"0*0-$3/)%)-*05'-&3#$0!/)%*-,0"$3-%'"%6(-.7"%,8+0'9%-$%,/$,-%)0-*&.-%)-%
&./,(!-$%$-(3.0$/)%:%$($!"%)-%!/$)-.;"%'"%)(*"%,-%'/)%)01$/)%,-%'/)%<(".=)%
$-(3.#$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
"#$%&$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3! '("('3!
725
726
!
"#$%&'(!)&*+,#-.(!!!!!!!
"#$%&'(!/0'-,#-.(!!!!!!!!!1 12323!
"40)('!5-6#(5!780'95!!!!!"1 21!!!
!"#$%&'()!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
".0'60!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21! !232123!
"40)('!5-6#(5!780'95!!!!!2: 232323!
!"#$%&'()%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
".0'60!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21! !2123!
"40)('!5-6#(5!780'95!!!!!2: 2323!
&*#$%&'()!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
".0'60!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21!!! !2123!!
"#$%&'(!)&*+,#-.(!!!!!!
"40)('!5-6#(5!780'95!!!!2: 2323!
&*#$%+,$-)%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
".0'60!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"1!!!! !"123! !
"#$%&'(!)&*+,#-.(!!!!
!
!
!
!
"40)('!5-6#(5!780'95!!!": 2323!
!
D. EJEMPLOS DE INTERACCIONES DE ALGUNAS PARTÍCULAS%1;31!
!!%
.'/($")%*$0,1"!!*-$,)%2"31#$42"31#$%+,3*"$0,%'"%5(,16"%$(!',"1%5(,10,%,$%3-$3,%),%
!-$),17"%'"%)(+"%3,%'-)%)*/$-)%3,%'-)%8("19)%
%
&1-0#$4&1-0#$%
!< !&5!=&8+&',#>!&)!#$.)&(!=&!=&8+&'-(>!?!.(#5-5+&!=&!8#!*'(+,#!?!8#!#&8+',#@!
2121 2:2!<"121@!
!
!
2121 21"12:!
%
&1-0#$4$,(01#$%
!
21"1 !<21"1@23!
%
&1-0#$4&*#$%+,$-)%
!
":21 3"1!
!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
1;31
!AB&%*)(5!=&!C(#0+D0#!E))=0?>!!"#$%&'()*+,-.&(#./(,0*(123(1#.34(5*6-./(*/2,2-.!<:33:@>!F500.!E5-%(4>!7"*8#(
3"9#(/*(:#(62*.62#!<1G;H@>!I(#0)=!J&'9-#5>!;.,$-/"6,2-.(,-(<230(=.*$3>(?0>&26&!<1G;K@!?!J0'+-.)&!I0+0!L'(8*>!:33M>!
NO&4-&P!(Q!J0'+-.)&!JD?5-.5'@((&#R!A-"$.#:(-B(?0>&26&(C4(7"6:*#$(#./(?#$,26:*(?0>&26&'!S()T!UU!<B8)-(!=&!:33M@!
727
!
!
"#$%
!
!"%$&!
"#$%
!
!&"%!
!
!
"#$% !$#"'!
!
!"#$%&'!(%&)*+,)
!!!
!
$%$# $%$#)
)
!"#$%&'-.%&)*/&#,)
!
"#$% "%$&!
!
!!
"#$%
!
&$#"'!
!
"#$%
!
"'$#$&$&"&!
!
"#$% "'$#$&$&"&!
)
!"#$%&'0()*/&#,)
)
''$% "%"%!
)
&/1$"%&'!(%&)*+,)
!
$#"% !&$%!
)
2/3(#'-.%&)*/&#,)
"#$!($%$%"%"%,
!
"#$!($%$%"%"%,
!()*!
($%"%"%"%,$&!
!!()*!
($%$%"%"%,"#!
+!!!!
,!
,!
728
Descargar