Arquitectura de Redes

"! #$! % & $# '# (*),+.-0/21431456/798:1<;=;?>A@B3C+D/FE1<891G+D/H;=@B3CI0+=8KJ1;=@MLNE6JA+POQ>AI1<I
(SRT1</U1<50/V7:8:1<;=;?>A@M36+D/U;=@B36I0-C;D+D3W+D3YXZ@[8VL\1]31^7:-68:1<JT1I6+2_630>A8K36>a`+DJA+?/
Application Programs
Process−to−Process Channels
Host−to−Host Connectivity
Hardware
(Sbc-6+=I6+.de145f+=8g1456/7:8:1;D;D>A@B3C+?/h14Ja79+D83e1^7H>a`14/i+D3S;^1<I130>a`+DJ
Application Programs
Request/Reply
Channel
Message Stream
Channel
Host−to−Host Connectivity
Hardware
j:kml2nporqtsusus
vxwzy|{~} €ƒ‚„{~w…k‡†a€‰ˆŠ€m†a‹Œ
 fŽiŽŽ’‘VŽh“
(S”•JA@—–-6+D/i;D@M30/V7H>a7H-$˜+?3™7:+D/UI6+.-631N18‡–-0>a79+D;27H-C8:1I0+8V+DI
(*ši1<I1@B5—O+›79@I6+.-63*EC8V@<79@,;D@BJA@7H>A+D3C+I6@B/F>œ3™7:+=8QX1<;=+?/UI0>~XZ+=8V+?3™7:+D/
ž Ÿ¡ £¢¤^¥Š¦^§M¨ª©6¤]«4¤^¥­¬BŸ¯®^ŸP°™± I0+?_03C+g@MEf+=8:1<;D>A@B36+D/³²<´Tµ•¶M·¸+D/7:+g@B5—O+›79@C¹
ž Ÿ¡ £¢¤^¥Š¦^§M¨»ºf§¼¥¸§ªºf§,¥S½¿¾ ·6·À¶<Á›Â´Á ¾ ·6·À¶<à ± I6+2_636+ÄJA@B/ULÅ+D36/›1^O+?/
–-6+./H+»>œ3™7:+=8V;^1<LG56>143;D@M3S@<7:8‡@B/F@B5—O+›79@B/h14J"LN>œ/HL¸@36>a`+DJ•ÆZ@
/H+^1$Ç,I0+DJ£LN>œ/HL¸@EC8V@<79@,;D@BJA@¼È?¹
Host 1
High−Level
Object
Host 2
service
interface
Protocol
High−Level
Object
Protocol
peer−to−peer
interface
(SÉcJf70DÊ+ 8‡LN>œ36@ ËPE68V@7:@,;D@MJA@BÌG7:>A+?3C+»`1<8>A@M/³/H>œÍM36>~_6;^1<I0@M/
ž +?/HEf+=;?>~_C;Î1;?>­BÊ@ 3ÏI6+.J1>œ3™7:+=8QX14Ð+D3™7:8V+@B5—O+›79@B/iI0+DJ£LN>œ/:LÅ@30>a`+DJ
ž L MÊ@ I0-0JA@Ŗ-C+»>ALNE6JA+=LÅ+?3™721N+?/V721]>œ3[79+D8QX1<Ð
j:kml2nporqtsusus
vxwzy|{~} €ƒ‚„{~w…k‡†a€‰ˆŠ€m†a‹Ñq
(*ÒÄ8:1ÓXZ@I0+ÄE68V@7:@,;D@MJA@B/
ž ?+ /F-63e1G;=@BJA+=;D;D>­BÊ@ 3@XÔE68‡@<7:@,;=@BJA@B/³˜Õ/‡-6/KI6+DEf+D36I6+?3C;D>14/
ž J1L\1?˜@[8ÖEe1<8‰79+.I0+ÄJ14/U;=@MLG-636>A;Î1<;D>A@B3C+?/hEe1<8U1]Ee1<8³/H@M3
>œ36I0>A8V+=;›7?14/
ž J1;D@ML-036>A;^1<;?>­MÊ@ 3E1<8U1GEe1<8K+?/iI0>A8V+=;›721/BÊ@ JA@¸1G30>a`¼+?J£I6+
d18VI,×g1<8V+
Host 1
Ø
Ø
Digital
Library
Appl
File
Appl
Host 2
ÙØ
Ø
Video
Appl
MSP
RRP
Ø
Digital
Library
Appl
File
Appl
ÙØ
Video
Appl
MSP
RRP
HHP
HHP
physical link
(WÚ*-6Ja7H>œE6JA+9Û1^O+ĘSÜg+=LG-6Ja7H>œE6JA+9Û1^O+ÝÆZ;DJ1?`+ ©6¤^ÞÕߗà È
(SÉc36;^14E6/‡-6J1<I6@ÏÆZ+?3C;^145f+DÐ^1I0@á;?-C+D8VEf@È
â
â
Appl Prog
Appl Prog
Data
Data
RRP
RRP
RRP
RRP
Data
HHP
HHP
HHP
j:kml2nporqtsusus
Data
RRP
Data
vxwzy|{~} €ƒ‚„{~w…k‡†a€‰ˆŠ€m†a‹äã
åçæÎèÔé & ê ,# ë ê éìæÓí îïÎêðí !òñ ífæ
ó 8‡–-6>a7:+=;›7H-C8:1Åô)6õUÆ­ö º¤^ ÷Tø[«Î¢Q¤^ÞÝ«]ù? £¢¤^¥2®=°™ ¤D®4¢ È
(*ô»8Vͼ1436>œÐ^1<;D>­BÊ@ 3úõ¯)6ô Æ ùD £¢Q¤^¥­ T§—¢ûŸ¯° T§,ü£÷¢P§¼ T©0§¼¥9©¼« ö ¥Pý$§¼ Ÿ¨4§$¢xŸP°™ È
(SþF30>A@B3çõŠ3™7:+=83e1<;?>A@M314JÿI0++?JA+=;D@[LÅLG-630>A;^1<;D>A@B3C+?/ªÆõ’þhÈ
143™7H>œÍM-e1<LÅ+D3™7:+ïšišUõ (*),+=8>A+D/ÕË E0-63™7:@BÌ ± ª
¹ 0Ç ª¹ 6Ç ª
¹ (WÚS@,I6+?JA@NI6
+ F+2XZ+=8V+D36;D>1
Application
Application
Presentation
Presentation
Session
Session
Transport
Transport
Network
Network
Network
Network
Data Link
Data Link
Data Link
Data Link
Physical
Physical
Physical
Physical
End
Host
j:kml2nporqtsusus
One or More Nodes
Within the Network
End
Host
vxwzy|{~} €ƒ‚„{~w…k‡†a€‰ˆŠ€m†a‹
ó 8‡–-6>a7:+=;›7H-C8:1I6+õ3[79+D83C+27
(*ÒÄ8-0E@ªI0+»7:8:145e1ÎO@ª+D3ÏõŠ3™7:+=83C+›7Æ ùD "¢¤^¥­ ÿ¤4¢g Àý¼ŸŠ ¤D¤^¥­ŸŠ Cý f §«
°™¥?®D¤ U°Ýù È
HTTP
FTP
!
NV
TCP
TFTP
UDP
IP
NET1
"
NET2
....
NETn
Application
TCP
UDP
IP
Network
( ó 0E Jœ>A;^1<;D>­BÊ@ 3W`$/hb8V@<7:@,;=@BJA@ªI0+ ó E0Jœ>A;^1<;D>­BÊ@ 3 Æ#$’bÔÇ&%’bÈ
(*ši1<8:1;›7:+=8­' Ê /V7H>A;Î1</
ž 63 @-6/›1+D/7:8-C;27H-6891<;?>­MÊ@ 3*Ef@[8Ö36>a`+DJA+?/h+?/V7:8>A;2721
ž XZ@M8VL\1GI6+.8V+DJA@4OFI6+1<8V+D3e1
ž +?J"I0>œ/H+ 36( @˜ÕJ1>ALNE6JA+DL¸+?3™721<;D>­BÊ@ 3W`143\7:@MLÝ1<IÀ1</KI6+.J1LÝ1436@
j:kml2nporqtsusus
vxwzy|{~} €ƒ‚„{~w…k‡†a€‰ˆŠ€m†a‹Ñn
)+*
ffŽªc-Ž ,
*
F‘/.
Ž
•‘VŽ
0 1

23)C
% & $# '54Ý#$ñ
(WÚ*-C+›`¼+»50>a7:/i/H@B5C8V+.+DJ£LÅ+=I$>A@X' Ê /H>A;D@À¹
(SÜg+DEf+D36I6+I6+.J1]79+D;D36@MJA@BÍÀ' Ê 1I6+Ä;=@MLG-630>A;^1<;D>­BÊ@ 3ÿ¹
% & $# '5687
Ɲõ‰b +?/i+DJ:9<;ÔÂ<·À¶;·6Â/=¶B´£Â<´->$´@?ûÈ?¹
(SÉc368V-—721GEe1–-C+›7:+D/]ÆBADCfÂECGFT¶HCJI C²BÈð+D3™7:8V+KCJ;ML•ÂB¶NŠ´@;·À²ÝÆPORQTSVURS—È
1ï7:8:1?`ÖDÊ+ /FI0+L 6Ê- Ja7H>œE0JA+D/’8V+DI6+D/F>œ3[79+D8V;=@B3C+D;2721<I14/Ó¹
(SþF3SI1^7214Í[891<L\1G;D@B36/‡>œ/V7:+.I6+.-63S+· ;3>WCµ³&· XYCJA´˜Õd1</721[ZV\¸5™˜,7:+?/
I0+ÄIÀ1^79@B/^¹ÉcJ30>a`¼+?Jõ‰b E6-C+DI6+?^
3 ]H¶ CGF@I +· ;ÔE C¶ ?Š´T²ï/H>JA@N+?/V7H>AL\1
36+=;=+?/21<8>A@C¹
(`_i@+D/ÝËP;=@B30_1456JA+?Ì ± JA@B/iEe1–-6+27:+D/F36@3C+D;=+D/›1<8>1LÅ+?3™7:+JœJA+Dͼ143Ï+?3W+?J
@M8VI6+?3S+?3W+?JT–-C+’X¿-C+D8V@M3*+?3™`$>1<I6@B/ÓǼ˜S14JœÍ[-03C@B/iE6-6+=I6+?3WEf+=8VI6+D8/:+MÇ
Ef@M8³+‰O+DLNE6JA@N/H>fJ18V+=IY/:+.;=@B30͙+?/V7H>A@B3e1$¹
(*ši1<I1IÀ1^7?14Í[8:1<LÝ1ï;=@B3™7H>A+?3C+Ja
1 A3N¶B+· >Y>YNc@
´ b ; 9d= I0+Ä/‡-*@[8>œÍ[+D3՘YI0+
/‡-*I6+D/7H>œ3C@ÏÆ¿JA@B/FE6-03™7:@M/UI0+;D@M36+›Û0>­BÊ@ 3SI6+.JA@M/h143$_$7:8>A@B3C+D/U+?3W;Î1IÀ1
+9ۗ798V+DL¸@È?¹
j:kml2nporqtsusus
egf|wihp†~{a‚ƒ‚m}kh
j f›k
ljmhp†a€kl honqpqrts
er‹u
ši1IÀ1GE6-03™7:@NI6+Ä;=@B3C+9Û0>­BÊ@ 3ú14JÿõŠ3™7:+=83C+›7g+D/F>AI6+?3™7H>~_C;Î1<I1E@M8³/‡+ vwG56>a7H/g–-C+h7H>A+D36+-636@ªI6+
ùD £¢Q¤^¥­ ¤4¢U§$©0©¼¥?¤Î«?« Ç,-63Y3.6Ê- LÅ+=8V@NI6
;D-1Ó7:8V@Ef@B/H>œ50JA+D/iXZ@[8VL\1^7:@M/ ±
x
| x
‚ { x
† { { x
}:~ U$V€
y
{
}:~ UƒV€
}:~ UƒV€
z${
ORQTSwU$V€
ORQTSVUƒV€
„W…
z${
ORQ+SwUƒV€
z${
z${
‡ { { { x
‡ ˆ ~Š‰&‰ MQ ‹ } ŒŽ@ Uƒ ‰Ž SwU
}:~ Uƒ€Y>AI0+D3™7H>~_6;^1J18V+=ITǼ˜‘ORQTSwUƒ€*+?Jÿ1430_—798>­BÊ@ 3ÿ¹òÉc3W+?Jõ3™7:+D8V36+27ÓÇ
J1N14/H>œÍM3e1<;?>­MÊ@ 3WI6+?J }:~ Uƒ*
€ +?/i;=+D3[798:14Jœ>œÐÓ1<IÀ10Ç0Ee1<8:1G+›`$>a7218F;D@B3Ž0’ >A;27:@B/Ó¹
Éc3W;Î1<L50>A@ÀÇ,+DJ“ORQ+SwUƒVÕ
€ +D/iL\143C+POH1<I6@Ef@M8³J1ª1<I6LN>œ30>œ/V7:8:1<;D>­BÊ@ 3WJA@,;Î1<J
I6+Ä;^1<I18V+DIT¹RT1;=@MLG56>œ3e1<;?>­MÊ@ 3 }:~ UƒV€•”–O:QTSwUƒVY
€ +D/ 0Ê- 36>A;Î10¹
É /V7:@B/K3.CÊ- LÅ+=8V@B/i3C@M8VLÝ14JALÅ+D3[79+./H+Ä+?/:;D8>œ5+?3Ï+D3*-631G3C@<721<;D>­BÊ@ 3
c
JœJ1<LÝ1<IÀ1—A´"Â4·+AìÁA·&>ŽNI CG?‡Ç™E@M8K+PO+=LNE6JA@/˜Š™:š-›œšRž›˜+ž›˜+ìÇ
I6@B3CI0+;Î1IÀ1@,;27:+›79@+D/i8V+DE68‡+?/:+?3™721<I6@ªEf@[8Ö/H-Ý`14JA@M8³3¼-6L =Ê+ 8>A;=@N+?3
XZ@M8‡L\1]I6+=;?>AL\1<J
¹ _Ï<Ê@ 7:+D/H+–-C+»J1/:+?Ee1<8:1<;D>­BÊ@ 3SEf@M8³E6-03™7:@B/gI0+=;?>ALÝ14JA+?/
3C@7H>A+D36+Ä30>œ36ÍM-631/H>œÍM36>~_6;^1<;?>­MÊ@ @
3 C+?/iLÅ+=8:1<L¸+?3™7:+»-63e1;D@B3™`+D3C;?>­BÊ@ 3
3C@<721<;D>A@B3e14J¹
j:kml2nporqtsusus
egf|wihp†~{a‚ƒ‚m}kh
j f›k
ljmhp†a€kl honqpqrts
er‹ Ÿ
‘ 0W * T“ ¥¸Žhe
¡ £ ¢g
¤
—) +Ä+D36;^1<8Í,1I0+DJf7:8:1436/‡E@M8‰7:+.I6+.I1^7:@B/i+D3™7:8V+ÄE68V@,;=+D/H@B/i+D3YJA@B/
I0>œ/7H>œ3™7:@M/»1430_—7:8V>A@B36+D/^Ç,-6/›143CI6@-63C@NI0+ÄJA@B/ ¾ ¶B´"´->—´@?Š´T²`A·
ÂBH¶ CJ;•² ¾ ´T¶BÂ<· BÆ hšUb @¸þ’Ü.bÈD¹
õ3[798V@,I$-C;=+Ä@<7:8‡@36>a`+DJ£I0+I$>A8‡+D;=;?>A@M36+D/^Ç6JœJ1<L\1<I14/ ¾3¦ ·À¶Â´T² ±
(¨§©Z50>a7H/gI0+]1436;:dC@
(\JA@,;Î1<JA+?/’1;^1<I1N143$_$7:8>­BÊ@ 3
(Ý;Î1IÀ1GEC8V@<7:@,;=@BJA@7H>A+D36+/‡-*+D/‡Ee1<;D>A@NI0+Ä3.CÊ- LÅ+=8V@B/F>œ3CI0+DEf+D3CI$>A+D3™7:+
(*14JœÍM-636@M/F3.CÊ- LÅ+=8V@B/F/H@M3S3
µ NŠ&· ; >$@
´ ;´ >YNA´T²˜Õ/H+.-0/2143YEe1<8:1
>AI0+D3™7H>~_6;^1<8U²<·À¶ ªžN>YNŠ´T²$Ç,Ef@[8³+‰O+=LNE0JA@ ±
ž Y§ÎEá ’šUb ± #ƒ’b
ž v™Eá ’šUb ± +DJœ3C+›7
Ú »b ÆZ;=@M8V8‡+D@È
ž MEá ’šUb ± )À`
ž Z«™á[þ’Ü.b ± ¬#ƒ’b
ž ­ ™Eá ’šUb ± %»b
ž ­ ™á[þ’Ü.b ± %’b
b ®¯v
ž §§©™á hšUb ± bôƒ
b ®¯v
ž §§©™á™þhÜÄb ± bôïƒ
ó JœÍM-03C@B/i/:+D8Q`$>A;?>A@B/U/H@B3Ï1;D;=+?/H>œ50JA+D/UE@M8U1<LG5@B/KE68‡@<7:@,;=@BJA@B/^¹
š³@B36/‡-6Ja7:+.+DJ1<8V;:d6>a`±
@ ° ~ U ‰ °TS ~ ˆŽ²ƒ ‰Y~ Sª+D3S;D-e14Jr–-0>A+=8F/H>œ/7:+=L\1
þF30>pÛT¹
j:kml2nporqtsusus
³} ´ €klµnwzk
f·¶i¸¹huwс€m‹º
%h1?˜*I6@B/FEC8V@<7:@,;=@BJA@B/FI6+’7:8:1<30/HEf@M8‰79+.+?3*-0/:@;=@ML 6Ê- 3 ±
»/¼ 7
ÉcJƒg
½ ¶HCJ•; ²I ŠN ²²ŠN ´@; ¸
¾ ´@Ô; ÂB¶B´@?¿
= ¶B´"´-—> ´@c? /H@BE@M8‰721G+?J£;=@B3C;D+DE$7:@
I6+.-631a$> ´@
; ·ŽÀÁNc´@b ; +D3™7:8V+ÄI6@B/i+›Û—7:8V+=LÅ@B/ïÆ¿E6-6+=8‰7:@M/›È?¹
(SÉc/i;D@M3$_e1450JA+ ± JA@B/iI1^7:@B/F3C@/H+»E6>A+=8VI0+D3S˜ÝJœJA+Dͼ143Ï+D3S@M8VI6+D3
;D@[8V8V+=;›7:@À¹
(`K+­–-6>A+D8V+@BEf+=8:1<;D>A@B3C+?/g+?/HEf+=;M' Ê _C;Î14/UE1<891G+D/7?1450JA+=;=+D8֘\7:+=8VLN>œ3e1<8J1$¹
(SÉc
/ ] ¦ ?q?ZÁ A ¦•¾ ?ŠŽ· À ± d1D˜ÕI6@BÂ
/ ’0-O@B/FI6+ÄI1^7:@B/K>œ3CI0+DEf+D36I0>A+D3[79+?/ÓÇC+D3
I$>A8‡+D;=;?>A@M36+D/g@BE6-C+?/V7214/^¹
#$@M8‡L\14JALÅ+D3™7:+.E@,I0+=LÅ@B/iI6+2_630>A8K-63e1;D@B3C+›Û0>­BÊ@ 3/’šUb ;=@MLÅ@-631
7H-6E6J1±ÃVÄŧƯǞ§Æ8ÄÈYƯÇR
É ;D@M31430_—7:8V>A@B36+D/ÊÄÅh§ ˜ËÄÈ]
˜ÕE6-6+=8‰7:@B/MÇÁ§U˜
ÇR0 ¹òÉc/V7:@ª–-0>A+=8V+I0+=;?>A8i–-C+ÄI6@B/i;=@B3C+9Û0>A@B3C+D/iEf@,I68­' Ê 143WI$>~XZ+=8V+D36;D>1<8/:+
+D3*/eBÊ@ JA@-03C@NI0++?/V7:@B/F+DJA+DLÅ+D3™7:@B/ÓÇ$/‡>œ3S30>œ36ÍM-631;=@B30X¿-0/H>­BÊ@ 3T¹
ÌÏ 7
É JƒÍ <² ·À¶¤ÎÏCfÂECGFT¶HCJI
c
hšgb ±
=¶B´"´->—´@?ì+?/iL
4Ê1 /K/H+D36;D>œJœJA@ª˜ÕJœ>a`$>143C@¸–-6+
(`_i@+D/ÝËP;=@B30_1456JA+?Ì ± JA@B/UI1^7:@B/KE6-6+=I0+D3WEf+=8VI0+=8/:+./‡>œ3W8V+=;?-6Ef+=8:1<;D>­BÊ@ 3
14-$7:@ML ^Ê1 7:>A;Î1$¹
(`_i@+›Û0>œ/79+Ä+DJ;=@B3C;D+DE$7:@NI0+;D@M36+›Û0>­BÊ@ 3ÿǗEf@M8ð72143™7:@ª;^1<I1IÀ1^7?14Í[8:1<LÝ1
+?/F>œ3CI6+?E+?3CI$>A+D3™7:+]I6+.JA@B/UI6+=L 4Ê1 /^¹
ÐdÑ -³ÄÊ+ I0>~XZ+D8‡+?3C;?>1ªd1D˜Õ+D3™7:8V+Ä-03e1IÀ1Ó7214Í[8:1L\1þ’Ü.b
õ‰bDÒ
j:kml2nporqtsusus
˜Õ-03SE1B–-6+27:+
³} ´ €klµnwzk
f·¶i¸¹huwс€m‹Ó
%/Ô
ó fE +D/›1<8KI6+–-C+»J18V+=IÕX¿-636;D>A@B3e1+?3S51</H+1GJA@B/i3ÄCÊ- LÅ+D8‡@B/hõPbÔÇ
8V+D/‡-6Ja721;=@B3™`+D30>A+D3™7:+Ä7:+?3C+=8K-03S30>a`+DJ£I6+ÄI0>A8V+D;=;D>A@B31LN>A+?3™7:@
1<I0>A;D>A@B31<J£-0/2143CI0@3C@MLG5C8V+D/KL 4Ê1 /K31^7:-68:1<JA+?/Ó¹•ÉcR
J Îú@
´ I CJN; ՖCJI ·
ÖØ× ²4Â&· I ÆxÙÜ _h)6ÈðEf+=8VLN>a7:+–-6+Ä/H+»-$7H>œJœ>A;=+MÇ6Ef@M8K+‰O+DLNE6JA@CÇ
Ú&Ú&ÚÙÛ  SÜ Û ² ~ +?3SJœ-0ͼ18FI0+ {VÝ&Þ Û Þcx Û Þ&x Û „&x&x ¹Éc/V7:@7H>A+?3C+I0@B/
`+D3™721^OH14/ ±
(SÉc/iL 4Ê1 /³XB<Ê1 ;D>œJ"E18:1GJA@B/F-0/H-18>A@B/³˜ÕE68V@MÍ[8:1<L\1I0@M8‡+?/Ó¹
(Sbÿ+=8VLN>a7:+L\1?˜@[8ߒC+9Û0>œ56>œJœ>AI1<Iú1]JA@M/’1<I6LN>œ30>œ/V7:8:1<I6@M8V+D/^Ç,E@M8K+PO+=LNE6JA@ ±
8 à +?5W;D@M3
ž Éc3Ï14JœÍK6Ê- 3ÏLÅ@MLÅ+D3™7:@/H+»>œ36/721<J1-03S3-C+2`@ª/H+=8‰`$>AI6@Mß
-03*3.CÊ- LÅ+=8V@ õPb I$>œ/V7H>œ3™7:@C¹
ž ó JœÍM-03C@B/i/H>a7H>A@B/]Æ Ú&Ú&ÚÙÛ áƒWâ Q } Û ‰ Q á Èò/H@M3*+?3W8V+^14Jœ>AIÀ1I*Í[8V-0E@B/
I0+ÄL Ê1 –-6>œ314/ÓÇ,Ef+=8V@N+?J-6/‡-e1<8>A@ª3C@36+=;D+D/‡>a7?1/›145+D8VJA@C¹
R 1ï7:8:1<I0-6;=;D>­BÊ@ 3W+D3™7:8V+Ä36@ML568‡+?/³˜Õ3.CÊ- LÅ+=8V@B/F/:+.8V+^14Jœ>œÐ^1ª;D@B3S-03e1
ÿ
Jœ>œ5C8V+=8­' Ê 1ªI6+»X¿-636;D>A@B3C+?/UJœJ1<L\1<I1+DJ"¶M·C²<´@?BªT·À¶6Ǘ–-C+Ä;=@B30/H-0Ja7?1N1]-63
;=@B3OQ-03™7:@NI6+²<·À¶ ªžNA´T¶B·À`
² ÎãÕ Ö +?3Y7:@,I1]J1Nõ3™7:+D8V36+27Ó¹)—@B568‡+
+D/7:@de1456J1<8V+=LÅ@B/UL <Ê1 /U1I0+DJ143™7:+[¹
É /F>ALNE@M8‰721<3[79+./H+3e( 14J1<8i–-C+h7:@,I1]J18‡+DIÕE@,I08Î' Ê 1GX¿-03C;?>A@M31<8
c
E+D8QXZ+=;2721<LÅ+D3™7:+Ä+D3*5e14/H+ï1]JA@M/i3.CÊ- LÅ+=8V@B/hõ‰b /H>œ3*3C+D;=+?/H>AIÀ1IWI6+.JA@M/
3C@MLG5C8V+D/^¹
j:kml2nporqtsusus
³} ´ €klµnwzk
f·¶i¸¹huwс€m‹Œms