CekquH - hydrobiology

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MHHHCTepCTBO Ha HapOAHaTa npOCBeTa
EAHHeH ~eHTbP no 6HOJlOrHH
OKpbmeH CbseT sa HapOAHa npOCBeTa, MHxa~JlOBrpaA
HAUMOHAnHA KOHCDEPEHUMR
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CekquH
"E HTO M on 0 r Mil, x I1n PO &Mon 0 r MJI
MOP H MTon 0 r MJI"
COr.pHH, 1935 r.
42
SST .n;O rOnSMa CTenes OT sana.n;eSHSTa sa Bpe.n;HTens KapToq,eHHTe paCTeRHS B 1I0~K7ICHO saca.n;eHHTe .n;eKapH. KaTo CJIe.n;CTBHe 0'1' TOBa. HYlK.n;aTa .n;& ce np7ICKa'1' TeSH paC'1'eHHS C HHCeK'1'HUH.n; opemy KOPOp~OKHH
6p7lKOap ¥ome Hs06m~ .n;a OTnaAHe HJIH '1'S SHaqHTeJIHO me oe HaMaJIH.
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HACTnllnEHMETO
HA
UHAHEHTE
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rCJIgy HS'1'epeO B7IB Bp~SKa C paSpaOC'1'BaHeTC Ha B7InpCOa sa q,cpMHpaseTc H paSBH'1'He'1'C Ha oHo.oq,epa'1'a npe.n;oTaBJI51BaT
I~HaHeH'1'e.
TesH
npcKapHcTHH cpraHHsMH, HSBeC'1'HH npeAHMHc KaTC OHH1ICS9JIeKH Bo.~C­
paclIH, ce C'1'nHqaBaT 0 o.ocoeHcoTH, Ko.HTC oa xapaKTepHH sa oaKTepHH'1'e H ncpa.n;H TCBa B nCOJIeAHC BpeMe 'qeOTC ce CSHaqaBaT KaTC OHH1ICseneSH oaKTepHH. C7ImeBpeMeHHo. Te npHnHqa'1' no. B7IHmHC YCTPo.HCTBC H
HaqHS Ha JKHBCT Ha BCAcpacnH. ITo. TaK7IB HaqHH MClKeM Aa Kame»,
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UHaHeHTe ca B CHOTeMaTHqHC CTHcmeHHe oaKTepHH, a B eKCJICrHqHC Bc.n;cpaCJIH.
UHaHeHTe ce opemaT ffaBCKH7IAe: B OJIaTa, esepa H MCpe'1'a, B peKH 11 HSBCPH, B nCqBH'1'e 14 no. rCJIHTe OKMH. TaM, K~AeTC C7ImHHOKHTe
'BCACpaCJIH He McraT. Aa BHpesT, HeIIpeMeHHc me HaMepHM TeSH oaKTePHH-p:)AcpaOJIH. CJIeA HSpHI'BaHeTC Ha KpaKaTay II7IpBHTe cpraHHsMH,
KCH'l'O ca oe nC51BHJIH B~pXy saCTHHanaTa JIaBa, ca OHJIH ~HaijeHTe. Te
o51xa HaMepeHH B nYKHaTHHHTe HaCKMHTe Ha AHTapKT~l:Ka H B ro.pemHTe MHHepanHH HSBCPH o'MHpHmema Ha cepcBcAcPCA Bo.n;a.·
CHHbcseneHHTe oaKTepHH-BCACpaCJIH ce CTJIHqaBaT C MHo.I'C HHTepecHH OBoHcTBa. PaSJIHtlHHBHACBe 0.'1' UH8.HBHTe McraT Aa CKHCJIHBaT
C7IeAHHeHHHTa Ha CHpa'l'a, .n;a q,CTcoHHTesHpaT IIpH HaJIHqHeTC Ha rCJIeKH KCJIHqeOTBa .cpraHHqHH semecTBa, Aa CTAeJIHT B~B Bo.AaTa .pasHccopasHH BemecTBa, HHKo.H.OT K6H'C CS CTpCBH~. HaH-ro.JIHM HHTepec
npe~cTaBJUIBa>'871SMCJKHCO'l'Ta Ha MHo.rc BHACBe .n;a ~HKcHpaT aTMco~ep'HH51 ascT, KCH'l'Q ce HSIIo.J[sYBa s~ To.peRe Ha HHKCH oaceHHH Ha CPHSHmaTa H HaIICqBaTa. B7IB Bp~3Ka C no.BHmaBaHe Ha IIJIO.IJ;CpCAHeTo.
Ha
43
nOllBaTa ~MaHeHTe ce OTrnem:n;aT npH HSRYCTBeHH ycnoBHH H, ene:n; TOBa
ce Bnp~CRBaT B HeR. M30DBAaaHHE~a ca YCTaHOBHnH, qe Han~HeTO aa
roneMH Ron~ecTBa aSOTHH c~e:n;MHeHHH B TaKMBa nOqBH e pesynTaT OT
:n;eMHOCTTa He caMO Ha CHHDoseneHHTe npOKapHOTH, HO H Ha :n;pyrH MHKpoopraHMSMH, KOHTO mHBeHT B~PXY TRX, H KOHTO c~mo TaKa MoraT :n;a
~MKCHpaT aTMoc~epHHR aSOT.
OT BCHlIKH CPOPMH Ha CHMOHosa, ROMTO c~meCTBYBaT, oc06eH HHTepec B eBonID~HOHHO OTHomeHMe npe:n;cTaBnHBa T.Hap. cHH~HaHosa
aco~Ma~MHTa Ha UMaHeMTe, HapMlIaHH npM TaKHBa cnytlaH ~HaHenH
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APyrH opraHHSMH. TOBa e M HaM-lIeCTaTa cpopMa Ha CHMcRosa Me~:n;y He~OTOC~lHll'eSHpamM H cpOTOCMHTe3MpamH opraHH3MM. Pa3nMlIaBaT~~Be~op­
MH Ha CHHIJ;HaH09a. TIPH eKTO~HaH03aTa UHaHenHTe ce HaMMpaT B >KenaTMHOSHaTa Kancyna Ha MHKpoopraHH3MHTe, a npH eH:n;ocMH~MaHosaTa
npeAcTaBnRBaT eH:n;OCHMOHOHTM. CHHUHaHOSHTe ce Oc~meCTBRBaT :n;ame H
c,aMO Me>KAY ~HaHeH, npH KOHTO e:n;HHTe >KMBeRT B KaneynHTe Ha :n;pyrHTe. KancynuTe Ha D,HaHeHTeBC~mHOCT npe:n;CTaBnRBaT u;Hns eKOCMC'reMa, B~B ~opMHpaHeTO Ha KORTO BseMaT YllacTHe MHoro OaKTepHH.
Bnaro:n;apeHHe Ha C~BpeMeHHHTe HallMHp. Ha HScne:n;BaHe Bee no-qeeTO ee Ha6nID:n;aBa aCO~Ha~HR Me>K:n;y xeTepOTpO~HM M ~OTOCHHTeSHpamH
MMKpoopraHM3MM. Te3M Mscne:n;BaHHR Aa:n;oxa B~SMolliHOCT :n;a ce HaMepHT
IJ;MaHenM B MHoro npoTMcTM, BKnrolluTenHO M B nnaHKTOHHM aMeoM.
Te
n03BonMxa M :n;a ce pasKpMRT HHTepecHM MOMeHTM OT >KMBOTa Ha aCOU;HM~aHMTe opra~MsMM. XanaKTepHo e, lie D,MaHenMTe He ce pa3nMlIaBaT
no ~MHHaTa CM CTpyKTypa OT CBOOO:n;HO>KMBeemMTe U;MaHeM, B~npeKH qe
npJ.~eMaT ':?YHKu;HHTa Ha xnoponnaCTn, ROJ/lTO, KaRTO e YCTaHOBeHO, npoMSJIM3aT OT ll,HaHevlTe. Ooalle He e HaOnYJ:n;aBaH HMTO e:n;HH cnytia}l:
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npeBp~~aHe Ha UMaHenH B x~oponnaCTM. OopasysaaeTo Ha xnoponnaCTHTe no n~TR Ha CMMoH03aTa npe:n;CTaBJIRBa eBOnmIJ;nOHeH npou;ec MKaTO
BceKU eBOJIIDll;!WHeH npou;ec He MOme :n;a o~:n;e aenocpe:n;CTseHO HaonD:n;aBaH.
UMaHeUTe ca ce nOHBHBanu npe:n;. 2-3 MMnMap:n;a rO~HHM H ca OCMrYPHnH nO-H8.TaT~I!1HOTO paSB,H'I'Me ;Ia J!U1BOTa. Enaro:n;apeHHe Ha THX
oe:n;HaTa Ha KHcnopo:n; aTMocqlepa OT B~SCTaHOB,MTenHa ce npeB~pHana B
OKUCJII1TenHa vi ce C~3:n;a..rm ycnoBMH 3a nOHBaTa M 5YPHaTa eBonIDU;MH'
Ha OKCMOHoHTMTe. CTpO~aTOJIMTMTe, TeSM HHTepecHM BapoBMKoBM TY~M
oopasYB2.HM B HallanOTO Ha :¥.YIBOTa, HM rosopHT sa ronS!MaTa ponS! Ha
CPOTocHHTesMpamMTe opraHHsMM, KO}.1TO n~pBoHallanHo ca oHnH npe:n;cTaBeHM npeAyIMHO OT IJ;M8HeMTe. '.D,Pyrl1Te <;JOTocHHTesMpam H tlaKTepMM KaK-
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seUHHTe. TOBa e AOBeno ~o UHoro O~pSOTO 'ooorSTRBaHe Ha aTMoq~epa­
T8 0 KHcnopOA H AO 06paSYBaHe~o HS OSOHOBHR eKpsa, nOA qHRTO samHT8 SanOqBS paSBHTHeTO Hs'UHorooopSSHHB aepnoeHmHBOT. TOSH mHBOT SanOqB8 Aa OrpaHHqaBa paSBHTHeTOHa
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cenCKOCTonaHCKa AeMHOCT Ha qO-
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nOBeqe oe eYTpO~HSHp8T, T.e. OTaBaT no-npo~yKTHBHH, no-ooraTH Ha
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caMO npeqHKaKTO Ha PHOHOTO, TaKa H Ha OCTaHanOTO BO~HO CTOn'8HCTBO.
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UHaHeHTe B~PXY nHTeMHaTa BOAa, KOBTO nOHHKora cTaBa Han~nHO
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UHaHeHTe Bce nO-qeOTO oe nOHBHBaT B roneMH KOmlqeCTBa B e~­
HH HnH APyrH 6aoeMHH. 3nOBemHTe CHHDoseneHH HanenH, KOHTO npOSHpaT npes M'bpTBHT.e BOHBmH BO~H Ha peKH H .KaH8nH, Bce nO-Harne~HO
rOBopBT sa HaOT~nneHHeTO Ha CHHDoseneHHTe 08KTepHH. TesH npOKaPHOTH, qHeTO MaCOBO paSBHTHe npH HopManHH ycnOBl-IH ce OrpaHHqaSa
OT aHKOH KOMIIOHeHTH Ha OHOC(flepaTa, cera B
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