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CHG\N Z[ HSLLG G[H] L[DF OU FQHU PFC RLCH HOYC OH\NQ HSLC RN PC H]UFO GHYQO G\UQ
CO PC PGQ PL[E RLODZQ RLCF GI M[FD Z[ CHG RN PE ZOQUF DHKG ]KLOZ RNH OH\NQ M[FD
PHODZ\N LUFL COF HC Z[D LSDD G[H] HFQOF RQG O\ HLSD HLSD LSD HLG NUF OH\NQ M[FD
OC[\L ]D OU CD\ RQG O\ HLSD LSDQ LHE LFL OU GLG\ LSLUD []HL DH[ZGH ZOQU U[IQ PG\
JO GOLO LTLT[ MH]Q ]HUK HC TSHC LFL OU HD\ DHKG ]KLOZ MNH [\N FOHGF TSHCD
QU FJ HGLOCQ D]NQ GHY] OCHQ\Q P\ QU PL[QCQ LKHZO U ZOQU ]QJOQH OHC\ RLSUD FHU
KN CJ PHO\ L[DF KS
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C[YL OHKLD ZOQU ]LLJQ RLSU HQYU CHGF POHUGQ GI [YL PE OKD]L HOKD]LH HJQLF FL]UOH
EN GOLO LTLT[ MH]Q GIQ M\QS ONGF GHC]F [YL RHDLOH TUNF
EN VF
G[LKS CLG HILCH GQLZS LGHILC CLS]F DL]NF CHG RHQQD CHGG [K] COH PZ] CO DL]NGH
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PHZSO GOG LC\[ >NZ \DL[G ]H\ U PL[DFD VH[LJH \HLD HSLLGF@ VHEG [UY H[DJ ]C PFC [ULY
RHQQ LSLSUD [DFQ DH]NG L[G\ CHG HSLSUD FQOG [DF
H [HKLOH
HQU EGS CO\ LQ OLD\D FTJ ]HOLQEH GZFY ]H\UOQ USQGO CO\ OC[\L PL[GIHQ\ HSFQO RCNQH
GQHFNH U[G RH\O HLOU [DFO [HTC\ RN\ ONH IYZ PLC[L [WT LWU MN OU HDOD HO [HKLO HC H]LHHGN
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GLO KLZSF
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RHLID [DFD \LH CLTG[WD HGHW[J\ PH\QH PNJ FLQO] LWON COC PLTJL]Q PL[DFG RLC GLDLOD
VHEG [UY PHZQD HOLWC GDLC HO [HKLOH PHZSO [HTC PFC ON [C\D ODC G[H]O
PLLJ XWJ LWU C[QHJO C]LL[HCF CZLWT G[H] O\ [HTLCD PLSH\C[ ]ZHOJQD LHS\ [DFG\ RHLNH
KJ PLLJ PLQ [CD RLHCOO GJL]WD
CL\] CO C\] CO
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GZFYH FTJ HO OHQEOQ HC
C[QED T[E CO\ EL PLTS G\UQ PDQ[G RD PG[DC HSD[ L[DF LW OU HS]LEHT PU MHSLJGH PDQ[G ]UF D\LLQ\ LQ \L D
LHC[\ C]L[HCF LOLQ RLDH >[UYD RLD RHQQD RLD@ [HKLOH PHZLO [HTC PGD\ CQOUF LOLQ RLD COC VHEG [UYO RHQQ RLD ZHOLJG
CDKL[G L[DFD GI ZHOLJ [NIHQ RNH CS ]O DJ ET[O ]HHYQG [WTO CO[UW WL[EG \H[LW LWU \JSN [HKLOH PHZSO PNJO
G[HCNO UQ\QH [HK] ODH PHZ] OD PH\Q [DHU HO ]SEHG GSLC\ G\C C\HSG HG GKHTD C]WTH]G L[DFQ [LUGO \L FHU
MHSLJGH PDQ[G ]UFO [HZQ P\Q\ [\WCH RHQQ O\ HSLC\ [UYD VC PL[HQC HOC RLHCO\ C]WTH]G ]KL\\
LSOLC\G HO [QC G[LKS MQHF[Z LSOLC\G HO [QC [JQO MOEQ LSOLC\G HO [QC GQLZS
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T
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PH\QH PZ] CO
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GQLZS
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PU PLD[HUQ PSLC\ COC C\L[F GOHJN CO\ PGL]HUDYC \HDNO PLOHNL\ HOCND [DHFQH PFDO
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O F H E D >FDOD ]HCYHLG ]HUDYCG RLSQ COC UFHS CO PL\SCG RLSQ LN RLSQG RCN []HQ
PLL]TQ RLSQG\ GC[L\N L]CYHG PL]\ [QCLH ]JC UDYC XHHNL CQ\ ]HUDYC \O\ PLCLYHQ RLCH
GWWHNO OZS\ LSWQ OFHEC PLCLYHQ RLC GDLT G]HCQH HD
EOC LJ ON PC
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GCQKS COH [W[WQ LSD RLLFUH PN][WN CHG L[G [QC [W[WQ CHG\N HCYQH ZHSL] O\ HLDC CD
PLZLOC HSD[H CDKL[ LWU CQKQ HSLC RLLFU LN HDLOQ RLNTG OHKLO H[GQ [QHON RLNT
JO CJ PL[\LQ DDHF ]H\D U LJN D\JS\ GCQHK RLSUO TN[WQ RLFD FHU
OIF CHG PLQF ]HNLW\ GSLQ UQ\ PLQF ]HNLW\Q []HL PLON ][GK PGLOU G\Z\ MFQOO
HOE[HG\ RHLN PHZQ ONQ HSD OU DCG ]ECFD RCN [DHFQ\ LW OU VC CQLLZ CQLLZFN PLON ][GKH
PL[HCDH PL\HFJ PGLSD OU PE PL[INC H\US MN ON PLQF ]HNLW\D
HGNG LQ UFHS CGH DL]N HGNG LQ UFHS CO FHUH CLS]GH CLG GWH[U GOEU LLH]C ]D PLO\H[LH
PLCLDQ [LUG MH]D OOJ CYQS [\CN PE\ RCNQ JLNHGO RLC GDLT G]HCQ GLNDD ]HD[GO COC OCSD[DCGH EDO[G L[DFN PLCLDQ RLC\ [QHO \L\ >GHHGD DH]NG [DLF GF\D [QCS\H@ GWH[U GOEU
GNCOZ] MHSLJ ]JSQ LWU GLNDD ]HD[GO COC RLHN]S COH
OHDI ]LD ]H\ L[C ][HDE UUH [LUD OOJ CYQS\N VC GWH[U GOEU PLCLDQ\ RCNQ JLNHG\ GFHGL GSJQ [WTQ P\ CLDGH
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PLON LS\D G [ L \ N \ RH\O UQ\Q RNH GUD[C \DHO GYH[ PC ODC PLON LS\ COC DH]NG
ML[YQ\ RSJHL LD[O ODC PLON LS\D P[H] \LZO \L[O\ GC[S R\FG ]C PL[GO CD OHFE RGN PC
PL[HCDH PL\HFJ CZHF GSHQ\D DLLJ OHFE RGN\ GC[S KHLFGO PLFED GUD[C
[JC \C[ LHTLN \HDOO OHNL NCH PLFED GDH[Q
F OHTW HD RLC\ G[HCNO GC[S PLON LS\Q []HL \HDOO LC\[\ FFY\ GQ LWO
GSHGN LFEDQ HSLC\
FDUH [FTN CO\ P\DO PC ODC GOJ]NO COC GI RLCF GC[S
PLTSNQO PFHZ [DF CGL CO\ RLSQ
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CKLO\ OYSDS C[EGQ GQYU LSWD G\U ]HYQO
PL\HFJ [WTD GID U PL[DFG M\QG P\ [TJH DH]NG HLOU GS\\ RHLN DNUQ CHG\ [QHO FFLYH [DFD RF L[C ]H[HDED
PL[HCDH
KQ RL[FGST DHJ IC CJ LHOG ]LD GL[C ]EC\ U PLDH]ND PLFEDG [FTH G\LDOG [FT RLFD FHU
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K\UD [WTD CDHQ FDOD PLQ\ P\O COC L\LCG HFHDNOH H]CSGO GSLC H]QLZS MN PUK \LE[Q
FHUH JO T\G LKHZO XL[HZQ W[ P\D CDHQ RNH ]GU
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CLQ\F LOLQD Z[ PL[QHC \LH FHUH L[LCQ CDKL[ U PHZQO HSHDOU JLSQ\ PL\[WQ \LH RKZ
RFO GF [DFQD [Q]LC ][Q\Q UUH OLUO [NISN CQOUF LOLQD COH PHZSO HO \L
UYW\ PFCO "GQHF CHG GQO PZHSG MHQN MU[O ]DGCH MQU LSD ]C [K] COH PZ] CO
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COH G\HU HSLCH FTJ HSQQ PL\ZDQ\ PFCQ G[LKSGH GQZSG LSWQ G[H] G[LGIG\ PUK HSLU ]H[Y LSWQ RH\C[G ]C G[LGIG
LHC[G ]CH H]OHI GCH[ HSLCH HO\ OU TJN COC [JCG OU HSQQ ]CYHL GCS\ RLC RH\C[G\ LWO
EGS\ COQOC L[G\ HO\ OU TJ HSLC\ HQYU OU FLUQ MN OU [HKSOH PHZSO CD\ LQ ODC HO
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DT
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PL\HFZ [DF ZQUG PLSGN ][H]O FDC[G \H[LW LWU
LN GQHFNH ]HUQ HO GHOG CO GDHK HQU G\U CO\ OU H[DJ OU PU[]GO PFCO HO RLC HOYC HIG GDHKG L\G ]CQ DYZS CO CQ]TQ
ONHC RNLG PL\SC OC\H RDHC[ HQ\\ \LCO ML[Y\ FJCO O\Q GI OU OL\QQ GLG FJC RHCEH
CYQS COH P\O MOLH PGQU HS\L LOHC PL\SC O\ XHDLZ CYQS LSHOW PHZQD HO HSU HCYQO
"RDHC[ COH LHO HC RHUQ\ HQ\ GQO P\ PLWTCSG OU PU[]GO H]UF OU GOULG RDHC[ P\
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HQU DLKGO HLOU [IES\ LQQ GDHKG ]C \ZDO ]NOO HLOU HQU DLKGO HLOU ]L\G RHY[ GLG\
CL[D CGL HDOH H[JTQDH PLLK[WG HLLJD HL]HU[CQ OND H]D\JQD FLQ] ]CI [LLYL \HSC L[\C
PL\HFZ G[H]G OU PLLJ XWJ [HKL COH PHZSL CO PL[JC OU H]CSZ GOU] CO PO\H
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H][DED
PLU[G HL[DFD H[DJ [UYO UL\[GH OLJ]GH FJC OC[\L CD PC\ UQ\QD RLC GQHFG LWO
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HLN[DQO HQN HLW[JQO Z]H\ RDCN PFCG ]HLGO G[H]G GHY] CO ]QCDH RLWH[JG OU GFHQN
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C\QG MLO\LH HLWH[JQ PLUQH\G OC HQYU OYSLH JHSL PLOLTN ZLJD TUN LN GD[G TUNL COH
PFC LSDD\ PLDHKG M[F HGI V[JQG OU
DL\GO HI GC[HGD PQYU TLSNGO HY[L CO\ MN ON P]HFLTJ GOHU\ PFC LSDQ ]N \L POHCH
RLDOUSG
OI H[QC PGLOUH LFQ []HL GI RLSUD HK\W]LH TUNG PGLOU [DEL RW [DF PGLW[HJ
JO\ GHYQ MHSLJG [WT MH]Q PLDL\Q PSLCH P]W[J RLUQH\ RLDOHU PSLCH
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DU
LFFY LS\ LN GC[S RSHD]S\NO C[LQJF CLG PLON ][GK ODC CQLLZ CQLLZFN PLQF ]HNLW\
MN ON L[INC GI DC GLG RH\C[G FYG LWO D[UQQ J[IQ ZHJ[N GIQ GI PLZHJ[ HOOG ZWTG
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Z[ HFUHS ]UDEQH KSDCG LN ][CW]OH FHDNO PGO G\U] ]HUDEQH PLKSDC PGO ]L\UH
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GO D[Z]GO OHNL TUNH GHC]D WNU LZS CHG\ LQ OU IQH[H ]HL[U LHOLE OU PL[WNQ PLTSNQ
HY W[ JHO\G LQ
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O CD CHG\ [\WC PE HC ]HCIG
CDKL[ OONO HC LHDL[O ON
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[QC] PCH CLG GFHDU HCO GZOFG "DLLJLO ZLOFG GZOFG CNLC "DLLJLO RQ\ R]S
DU
GFHDU
[FED CLG L[GH RQ\G ]SL]S CLG G[HSQD\ GSH[JCG GFHDUG ]CYQS GFHDU
GSLC GZOFGG PC
L[LCQ LWU [DFG ]QQ]QH GQLO\Q GFHDU GSLC RQ\ ]SL]S PHZQ ONQ LN RN [DFG RLC GQ]
GSLCH [ID G[\N >LD RLFLQ] QO\Q U H]CYHG RNH@ R\FG ]JSGH OLCHG\ LH]D HD]N\ R\FG ]QH[] RLDH GI RLD ZOJO ML[YH
[ID G[\N GJSGG\ MNQH HLOUQ R\FG ]QH[]D GFHDUG GQO\S JDIQG LDEO\ OLH GQ] GFHDU ]D\JS GQ[GG MNO GFHDU
NC\Q GQ] GFHDU CLG ]D\JS JDIQG ]FHDU LDEO MNOG P[]SG R\FG COH JDIQGQ ZHOLTG CHG GFHDUG [ZLU\ JNHQ
FHUH ]QC ]W\D UH GZOFGD COC G[HSQG ]FHDU GQO\S CO G[HSQD
\L PLQTLZG ]]YG\ LWO OI PLSH\C[G H\[W CLG GFHDU HCO GZOFG CLG GFHDU C]LOC ]]YG
GOHU CYHLG DH[D ZLOFG\ RHLN GOL]WG ]ZOFGN CO\ GN[UQG LYUD ZHOFO ML[Y [HCG\ J[HK GD
\C[H]H PLS\L TH] CDKL[ LWU GLOCQ ]DGO\G
GDH\J GFHDU LCFH\ \QQ GD RLC GZOFG\ LSWQ CO@ GFHDU HCO GZOFG
\[LW JO ]HJSQ \LCRHIJGH
GZLOFGO ML[Y GLG CO PYUDH FLQ] [S ]HOUGO CHG RHY[G\ >]H[SG ]ZOFGD GS]LS CO\ COC CLG
FT
FN VF CQHL
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GSH\C[ GZOFG
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G[HSQD ODC G]YGG G\UQ CLG GHYQG P\ COC RN HSLC\ H[QCH PHL OND \FJ]Q\ COC FLQ] \C
FLQ] [S CHG RHY[G [ZLU
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RNC G[HSQG O\ GSH\C[G GZOFGG HI G[DT LWOH
RHLU ML[YH \FJ [DF GIH
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TSNLGO HO [HTC L[G\@ XHJDQ G[HSQG ]C ZLOFGO [IO [\WC\ IK \FZQ ]CLD PDQ[G L[DF [CD GIDH
[IG\N FDULFD COC H[L\NG CO\ D]NH EL\G FDC[GH GQLSW ]ZOHF CLG\N G[HSQG ]C TLSNGOH >GQLSW ONLGO
CLG G[HSQG ]HYQ COG GQ] JY MHSLJ]JSQGH FHUH RCN CDKL[G RH\OQ UQ\Q RNH ]H[\N ]H[SG ZLOFG
GHYQG [ZLU [HQCG LWN MC "XHJD ZLOFGO [\WC FYLN RN PC GHYQ G\HU GZOFGH CZHF ONLGD
COC OON GHYQ RCN RLC XHJD ]QCD RN PCH [\N VHZ ZLOFG HOLWC [\WCH ZHOF [SG CGL\ CHG
G]HHYQ GOLJ]Q IC GQHZQ OU G]HC PLFLQUQH PLSWD PLTLSNQ\N
FDOD GN[UGG OU R[GC GHKYS ]H[HFO ODC GSH\C[ GZOFGD Z[ ZLOFGO GHKYS R[GC\ M]HOUGD \L[ GQNJ M\QD PE U
[HQCG LW OU RDHQ [DFG PUKH
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RLSUD PLWTHS PL[DTG
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MN PH\QH [J\G ]OLLCD\ GOLJ]G CO RLLFU ODC CHD]\ GOHCEG ][H\D CZHHF MNDH
LHKLD PE GUZD\ [J\G ]OLLC HC[H GOLOD HNOG\ HSLOHFEQ GLG\ G\UQ LQO\H[LD P\ [WHT
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LN C[ZQG ]C HCLDGH OC[\L O\ P]OHCE CLG MN H[QCH HSU GKQOQ CDG [HCG FZHQ LSW OU RHLOU
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FHUD [HCH [GHI O\ GUWH]G CLG [J\G ]OLLC \Q\ J[IL [ZHD [HCNH [QES GOLOGH GQYU
GOLO RLF RLLFU MC KUQ FHU CHDL\ [ZHDG O\ ][\DQG CLG M\QS GOLOG
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GULEQ CO GOHUG \Q\G O\ GSH\C[G [HC R[Z HOLWC RLLFU\N [J\G GOUL P[KD M\QS
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