For personal use only. on July 22, 2016. by guest www.bloodjournal

From www.bloodjournal.org by guest on November 21, 2016. For personal use only.
THE
BLOOD
GROUPS,
MAPUCHE
L.
BY
SUBGROUPS,
INDIANS
OF
S.,
SANDOVAL
M.D.,
THE
C.
different
Onette
1930,
groups.
of Allen
not
Castillo7
came
the
and
Larreta,
Goodner,
Matson,
man,
that
Paulotti,
Ribeior,
because
accurate
material
types,
Indians
are
and
rare.
subgroups,
Borgo”
the
of CautIn,
de
Policia
from
city
of
help
the
mean
with
of
values
of M and
N types
by
our
by
more
sub-
Santiago,
where
blood
groups,
Castelli,
on
assistant
with
Wy-
the fact
Pascuense
on
on
Henckel,
controlled
Boyd,
of groups,
city,
subjects.
prepared
and
Gonzalez,
verification
capital
we
names
Marroquin,
Schiff,
investigations””
values
the
Golden,
notwithstanding
and also
mean
the
because
Levine,
Santiana,
the
of
groups,
subject,
Gates,
In
blood
‘
blood
mention,
require
studied
serums
‘
only
Indians.
‘Auracan’
‘
on the
studies,
Fueguino,
in various
Tecnica,’
rendered
to
without
Henckel
found
farm
us),
and
at
jail.
men.
daily.
We
The
the
From
the
and
Varleta
North
dal
Mapuches
IOO
in the
American
serums
S.,
C.
and
the
Infantry
the
Metrenco,
to authorities
went
to Temuco,
Gen.
for
on
Ma-
2.05
morphologist-anthropologist
from
this
region.
We visited
Caj#{243}n,Labranza,
at
and
capital
de Investigaciones
investigations
of Indian
Regiment
were
anti-A
and
serums
we
took
de Tecnica
Instituto
whom
type
las Casas,
due
we
to D.
serological
of
the
investigated
three
de Policia
given
Tucapel,
teachers
and
and
from
the
Boroa,
Temuco
Temuco
and
the
help.
of the
Catedra
all
with
are
their
Givovich,
are
performed
Caj#{243}n, The
where
Laboratorio
doval
used
titers
field,
there
of Padre
Thanks
and
(thanks
crossing,
schools
other
localities
for
The 2.05 individuals
163
and
white
school
hospital
Henckel
of Cautmn
to correspond
the elementary
the
with
1945,
Province
puches,
Dr.
we
M.D.
“
In November,
the
shall
Ia Rivere,
a series
factor
the
(1941)
Province
‘Laboratorio
Rh
classic
the
Landsteiner,
population
began
the
investigated
from
in
then
and
the
on
investigations
First
in
work
Ferreira,
de
these
methods.
We
types,
Rife,
CHILE
on
study
include
Rham’s
in Mapuche,
that
factors
We
Kossovitch,
Ridt,
believe
and
pe9
Favero,
THE
of American
Scheffer,8
N
OF
L. GIvovIcif,
AND
or bibliographical
Kahn,
CAUTIN,
interesting
and
M and
We do not
investigation
we
an
Candela,
Hirszfeld,
groups,
the
OF
sero-anthropology
of Allen
Battistini,
and Wiener.
he made
an
Indians,
on
Grant,
ofthe
Nigg,4
published
to do a critical
FACTOR
we have been desirous
of applying
Indians
ofour
country.
Bernstein,’
Snyder,5
Coca and Deibert,6
and
(1919)
of the
work
Larsen
propose
of Arce
‘
and
Then
and
do
aspects
M.D.,
HENCKEL,
INCE
our first work
on blood
groups
these studies
to the sero-anthropology
Mazza
and Franke,’
Moss
and Kennedy,3
studied
RH
PROVINCE
S
others
AND
Forense
Tecnica
de
were
the
4
1/52.0
samples;
de la Facultad
de Ia D. General
Histologia
tO
anti-B
1/1014.
the
tests
555
The
were
de Farmacia
de
old;
Investigaciones,”
were
42.
serums,
and
de Ia Universidad
Henckel.
6o years
human
women
which
slide
later
were
technic
checked
de Ia Universidad
Director:
de Concepci#{243}n”
(Chile),
de
Prof.
and
retested
was
used
with
the
Chile’
Dr.
Director:
‘
and
L. SanProf.
From www.bloodjournal.org by guest on November 21, 2016. For personal use only.
BLOOD
tube
the
technic,
with
a
per
2.
Central
Laboratory
The subgroups
were
ant
Varleta
and
two
and
standardized
serums,
one
Thanks
are
due
the
GROUPS
cent
OF
MAPUCHE
suspension
INDIANS
of erythrocytes
(o.8
(Seguro
Obrero)
of Temuco.
tested
with
two anti-A
serums,
other
obtained
from
Blood
one
Donor
to our
colleague
of American
Anti-Rh
Standard
done on slides
and tubes,
and
as described
by Wiener
All reactions
in tubes
Prof.
Dr.
Vaccaro
Serum
to complete
the Rh factor
in test
and Levine.
were performed
who
our series
tubes using
in an incubator
at
The
the
370
in
assist-
New
York,
investigated
American
kindly
.
NaCl)
by our
Jamaica,
was also
of North
H.
cent
prepared
Service,
by Wiener.
The standard
Rh factor
prepared
by Givovich,
and the other
per
with
origin.
gave
us
CC.
2.
subgroups
were
regular
technic,
C.
RESULTS
The
condensed
data
for
the
2.05
Mapuches
are
TABLE
If we
P1
=
PL=
q
use
the
V5+A1
V5+A2.-
and
+A2.
Wellisch
/O+
formula,
we
have:
AL
“O
the
frequencies
obtained:
V.9SS9i873O=
4.3%
P2.
V873o/.868i
0.3%
q=
S/9O2.3/868L
1.8%
r
I
/o+i-V#{244}
Substituting
Pi
Thomsen
as follows:
=
=
868L
Therefore,
with
the
individuals
Pi + Pi + q + r
99.6
per cent,
which
theoretical
expectancies.
The Rh standard
and absent
in 3 cases.
We have,
then:
=
Rh
Of the
2.02.
cases
+
which
98.58
=
were
Rh
per
cent;
ard anti-Rh
serums.
It is possible
that
but without
the necessary
antiserums
At some future
time we hope
to have
subtypes.
If we
tamed
our
results
in Santiago,
give
we
in percentages,
have’’8:
Rh
positive,
14
these
it
-
=
were
belonged
was
these
1.42.
weakly
corresponds
factor
was
per
to different
impossible
to
for
for
2.02.
cent.
positive
antiserums
including
satisfactorily
present
in
settle
with
stand-
subtypes,
this
problem.
determining
comparison
the
Rh
the
the
results
Rh
ob-
From www.bloodjournal.org by guest on November 21, 2016. For personal use only.
L.
Santiago
Cautin
SANDOVAL
C.
Place
Number
Al
(whites)
2.000
2.5.95
2.05
8.2.9
(Mapuches)
The
S.,
Indians
examined
show
HENCKEL,
AND
TABLE
2.
A2
B
AIB
L.
GIVOVICH
A2B
0
3.85
9.95
1.15
0.2.5
0.48
3.41
0.96
o.oo86.8a
with
whites
little
crossing
57.75
might
be explained,
whites,
or perhaps
group
as Landsteiner,
the Mapuche
Wiener,
Indians
the
data
the
distribution
the
studies
from
of the
Rh
factor
we
have:
TABLE
3
in Santiago,
Number
Santiago
whites2’
Cautin
Q
i.o8
2.48
R
6.2.8 76.0
5.80
0.2.7
because
they
suggest,
frequency
93.17
have
The AL subgroup
per cent in our
Matson
a small
We
did
not
have
a ioo
studies
of subjects
percentage
Indian
Our
number
cause
the
difficulties
factor
tested
a
was
series.
by crossing
of blood
B),
and
even
crossing
also
that
though
but
is small
present
and
in all
we
with
the
ioo
in woo
and
many
are
of
pure
RH-
90.55
9.35
98.58
1.42.
as in Landsteiner,
must
draw
whites
per
cent
cases,
which
Wiener,
attention
(if
we
Rh
might
to
remember
the
the
not
we believe
are
very
difficult
to
very
few
of them
are
other
investigations
with
Indian
tribes
which
are at present
different
in Ecuador,
Peru,
Bolivia,
numerous
with
apply
full-blooded.
tests
investigation,
been
but
Mapuches
105
RH+
frequency
Indians,
possible
of Indians
have
Rh
the
small,
a reliable
number
continent
somewhat
group
is relatively
for
cent
American
populations
series
best
per
on
tested,
of blood
in other
our
2.05
Matson’s
number
among
1,342.
(Mapuches)
and
are
P2
B.
Comparing
lar
and
have
P1
4.33
high
percentage
of 0, with
small frequency
of Ai and AL.
present
only in one case. The frequency
of Group
B is 3 .41
This
with
557
obtain
full-blooded.
made
nearly
Brazil,
to be the
in Chile,
on
beSimi-
the
extinct.
The
etc.,
where
American
situation
is
the Indians
blood.
SUMMARY
The
from
Al,
group
the
authors
0.5
(Chile).
per cent
AB.
a sero-anthropological
There
were
of subgroup
Ai,
86.8
study
per cent
3 .4 per
cent
of
not
frequency
ioo
per
of the
cent
standard
as in the
Rh factor
data
of North
0,
of group
B, and
percentage
American
Mapuche
105
of group
8.3 per cent
The 3 .4 per cent group
B in the series may be due to crossing
fact that this group
was always
present
in Mapuches
even
whites.
The
but
present
CautIn
is very
i.o
per
with
before
high
investigators.
Indians
of subgroup
cent
of sub-
whites
contact
(98.6
per
or to
with
cent)
From www.bloodjournal.org by guest on November 21, 2016. For personal use only.
5 58
BLOOD
GROUPS
OF
MAPUCHE
INDIANS
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AND
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From www.bloodjournal.org by guest on November 21, 2016. For personal use only.
1946 1: 555-559
THE BLOOD GROUPS, SUBGROUPS, AND RH FACTOR OF THE MAPUCHE
INDIANS OF THE PROVINCE OF CAUTÍN, CHILE
L. SANDOVAL S., C. HENCKEL and L. GIVOVICH
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