UNIT 7. AT THE KITCHEN

MEDIO. UNIDAD 7
UNIT 7. AT THE KITCHEN
y MISCELLANEA
y
Las expresiones de cantidad
A LOT OF
Este adjetivo significa ‘mucho’, ‘mucha’, ‘muchos’, ‘muchas’. Se utiliza delante de
los sustantivos contables en plural y delante de los incontables.
It's awful to drive into the city centre after between 6 and 7 p.m. There is a lot of traffic.’
Have you been to the new store? They have got a lot of clothes at very cheap prices.’
- A lot no lleva la preposición of si no va seguido de un sustantivo.
Did you take any photographs on your holiday to Egypt? - Yes, a lot.
MUCH / MANY
- MUCH significa ‘mucho/a’ y se usa delante de los sustantivos incontables.
There isn't much entertainment in this town.
How much sugar do you take in your coffee?
- MANY significa muchos/as y precede los sustantivos contables en plural.
Why did you fail the exam? I don't know, I didn't make many mistakes.
- A lot suele usarse generalmente en las frases afirmativas mientras que much y many
son más frecuentes en las negaciones y las interrogaciones.
FEW / A FEW
Estos dos determinantes acompañan a los contables en plural.
- FEW significa ‘pocos/as’ y puede ir modificado por very.
He's an extremely introvert person. He's got very few friends.
(Él es extremadamente introvertido. Tiene muy pocos amigos.)
- A FEW significa unos cuantos y tiene una connotación positiva. (Very) Few al
contrario, pueden dar un idea negativa.
- Why do you look so happy today?
- Because I've finished all the exams and I have a few days off. I'm going to go out
with my friends every evening!
(… Porque he terminado todos los exámenes y tengo unos días libres. …)
LITTLE / A LITTLE
Estos determinantes preceden a los incontables.
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- LITTLE significa poco y puede ir modificado por very. Normalmente ambos expresan
una idea negativa. A little significa un poco de y suele tener una connotación positiva.
I've got a little money. Let's diner out tonight!
I can't go out tonight. I've got (very) little money.
- ENOUGH significa ‘bastante’ / ‘suficiente’. Precede a los sustantivos pero va detrás de
los adjetivos. Cuando acompaña al sustantivo enough actúa como adjetivo y cuando lo
encontramos con un adjetivo tiene función de adverbio.
‘Have you had enough coffee or shall I pour you some more?’
‘I'm not tall enough to reach that window. Would you mind opening it for me?’
y TEXT
y
Past Continuous
Este tiempo verbal es un tiempo compuesto. Para conjugar el ‘Past Continuous’,
necesitamos el auxiliar ‘be’ en pasado simple y el verbo principal en forma de gerundio
(infinitivo + -ing).
SUJETO + WAS/WERE + VERBO (–ING) + COMPLEMENTOS
The Past Continuous Tense
Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
I was walking
I was not (wasn't) walking
Was I walking?
You were walking
You were not (weren't) walking
Were you walking?
He/She/It was walking
He/she/it was not (wasn't) walking
Was he/she/it walking?
We were walking
We were not (weren't) walking
Were we walking?
You were walking
You were not (weren't) walking
Were you walking?
They were walking
They were not (weren’t)walking
Were they walking?
y
Usos del Pasado Continuo
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- Para hablar de acciones que estaban en curso en un momento determinado del
pasado.
Yesterday at five I was cleaning my car. And you, what were you doing at five?
(Ayer a las cinco estuve/estaba limpiando el coche. Y tú, ¿qué estuviste/estabas haciendo …)
- Para hablar de acciones ya concluidas, utilizamos el pasado simple (Simple Past).
Yesterday at five I cleaned my car. - (Ayer a las cinco limpié el coche)
Como puede observar, el ‘Past Continuous’ nos presenta una parte de la acción, no
toda la acción completa; en cambio, el ‘Past Simple’ nos indica que la acción está
acabada. En el primer ejemplo, el coche aún se estaba limpiando a las cinco; en el
segundo ejemplo, entendemos que la limpieza del coche concluyó a esa hora.
Cuando combinamos estos dos tiempos verbales, se presenta una acción que ya estaba
empezada (Past Continuous) y que queda interrumpida momentáneamente por otra
acción (Past Simple).
We were waiting at the traffic lights when the car behind crashed into our car.’
(Llevábamos un rato esperando en el semáforo cuando el coche de detrás chocó contra el
nuestro.)
1. Listening. ‘Con la policía’. Después de ser víctimas de un robo, la policía
interroga a Ákis, Dímitra y al Sr. Papadopoulous, camarero. Escucha la
conversación y lee el diálogo. Subraya las palabras que no conozcas para
después buscarlas en un diccionario.
Policeman: So, tell me Mr Yanópoulos, how did the robbery happen?
Ákis: Well, I’m not really sure. I was cooking in the kitchen, so I couldn’t really see what
happened. You should ask my wife and the waiters. They were working in the dining room
when the robbers came into the restaurant.
Policeman: Well, Mrs Yanópoulos, what can you tell me about the robbery?
Dímitra: Well, it was about 9.00 p.m. when three men came into the restaurant. They
were carrying big guns. They asked Mr Papadopoulous, the head waiter, to lock the door.
And then they said to the guests that they would kill them, if they moved or shouted!
Policeman: What did they look like, Mr Papadopoulous?
Mr Papadopoulous: I can’t really say. They were wearing stockings over their heads! But
I think they were foreigners because they spoke English with a very strange accent.
Policeman: And what did they do after you locked the door?
Mr Papadopoulous: One of them took out a big brown bag and asked the guests to put
all their money, rings, necklaces and anything of value into the bag. Meanwhile the other
two were aiming at the customers with their guns. When they finished collecting
everything, they went to the cash register and ordered Mrs Yanópoulos to put all the
money from the till in the bag!
Policeman: Did they speak to you, Mrs Yanópoulos?
Dímitra: Yes, while they were putting the money into the bag, they asked me where the
kitchen was. So I took them there and they started to take out food and bottles of wine
from the cold store. They took as much as they could outside through the back door!
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Policeman: One moment! You said you were in the kitchen, Mr Yanópoulos.... What were
you doing?
Ákis: Well... when I saw what was happening I tried to escape through the back door and
get help but there was something blocking it, so I couldn’t do anything and... while I was
trying to open the door, they came into the kitchen... errmm..., it’s a bit embarrassing for
me... I, I hid in the pantry! That’s why I couldn’t see them!
Dímitra: Oh, you coward!
2. Di si las siguientes afirmaciones son verdaderas o falsas.
True
False
1. There were five robbers in the gang.
_____
_____
2. There weren’t many people in the restaurant.
_____
_____
3. Ákis didn’t see what happen.
_____
_____
4. The men were carrying knives and guns.
_____
_____
5. Mrs Yanópoulos locked the restaurant door.
_____
_____
6. Mr Papadopoulous is the restaurant manager.
_____
_____
7. The robbers took away only the cash in hand.
_____
_____
8. Ákis hid when the robbers entered the kitchen.
_____
_____
9. The robbers ran away in a white van.
_____
_____
3. Grammar practice. Now fill in the blanks to complete the sentences from the
video. Use the following verb forms:
didn’t see
saw
Took
came
asked
were putting
were working
was cooking
was happening
tried to escape
were aiming
1.
I __________________ in the kitchen, so I __________________ what happened.
2.
They __________________in the dining room when the robbers ___________ into
the restaurant.
3.
One
of
them
________________
out
a
brown
bag
while
the
others
_____________ at the customers with their guns.
4.
While they _________________ all the money in the bag, they _______________
where the kitchen was.
5.
When
I
_______________
what
_________________
in
the
restaurant
I
____________ through the back door.
4. Rellena los huecos con some, any, a lot of, much, many, few, (a) little, enough.
1. Hurry up! We don’t have __________ time.
2. I don’t like living in the city. There’s too ____________ pollution and there are too
_________ cars.
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3. He’s not very sociable. That’s why he has very _________ friends.
4. - I’m hungry. Is there anything to eat?
- I’ve just made ________ buns. Help yourself!
5. ___________ people think that money can’t buy happiness.
6. The party is a success! If anybody else turns up we won’t have __________ drinks!
7. How ________ children have you got?
8. How ________ sugar do we need for the pancakes? Oh... and how about eggs? Do
we need ___________?
9. Melt ____________ butter in the pan and pour a spoonful of the mixture. The
pancakes will be ready in __________ minutes.
y VOCABULARY
y
The kitchen
Blender
Licuadora
Frying pan
Sartén
Bottle opener
Abridor / destapador
Ice tray
Cubitera de hielo
Broiler
Asador
Kettle
Tetera
Burner
Quemador de cocina
Microwave
Microondas
Can opener
Abrelatas
Bowl
Cuenco
Canister
Bote, lata
Oven
Horno
Casserole
Cazuela
Pot holder
Agarradera
Coffeemaker
Cafetera
Peeler
Pelador
Colander
Colador
Pot
Olla , cacerola
Counter
Encimera
Refrigerator
Nevera
Cupboard
Alacena
Roasting pan
Fuente horno ,asadera
Cutting board
Tabla para cortar
Rolling pin
Rodillo
Dish drainer
Escurridor
Saucepan
Cacerola
Dish towel
Secador de platos
Scouring pad
Estropajo, esponja de lavar
Dishwasher
Lavaplatos
Sink
Fregadero, pileta
Detergent
Detergente
Stove
Hornilla
Freezer
Congelador
Toaster
Tostador
y
Crime
Arson
Delito de incendiar
Bribery
Soborno
Blackmail
Chantaje
Forgery
Falsificación
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Kidnapping
Secuestro / rapto
Mugging
Asalto
Murder
Asesinato
Pick pocketing
Robo de carteristas
Shoplifting
Ratería de tiendas
y
Smuggle /
Smuggling
Hacer contrabando /
Contrabando
Thieve / Thief
/Theft
Robar
Phrasal Verbs
Observa los sinónimos de los siguientes verbos:
Decide = make up my mind
Continue = go on
Appear = turn up
Return = be back
Take care of = look after
Expect with pleasure = look forward to
Estas expresiones verbales se llaman ‘Phrasal Verbs’ y constan de un verbo seguido de
una o más partículas. En muchos casos, su significado no se puede averiguar a partir de
los significados de las palabras por separado.
Por ejemplo, to give up significa “dejar, abandonar”; no tiene relación ninguna con
“dar + arriba”.
Normalmente, habrá que recurrir a un diccionario y estudiar su significado. Es
interesante hacerse de un buen banco de ‘Phrasal Verbs’, pues se utilizan muy a menudo
en inglés.
5. Put the phrasal verbs in the correct verbal tense.
1. Someone behind me shouted, so I _______________.
2. I was so tired this morning that I couldn’t _______________.
3. This car isn’t very good. It ______________ very often.
4. It was very dark in the room so I _______________ the light.
5. _______________ your shoes! They are full of mud and you’re messing everything up!
6. I’m too fat. How can I lose weight? I know! I _______________ sweets and chips!
6. A continuación, une cada verbo con su significado.
1.
- stop doing something, abandon
2.
- get out of bed
3.
- be in another direction
4.
- start something
5.
- go wrong and stop working
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6.
- remove
y SELF-EVALUATION EXERCISES
7. Completa la carta siguiente con la forma correcta de ‘Past Simple’ o ‘Past
Continuous’ de los verbos que aparecen entre paréntesis.
8. Vuelve a leer la carta y responde a las siguientes preguntas.
1.
What was Peter doing at six o’clock?
2.
What was the weather like?
3.
Where did he live?
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4.
Why was he driving carefully?
5.
What did he see? Where?
6.
What did the girl ask him?
7.
What did he do when she cried ‘Look out!?
8.
What happened when we was going back to his car?
9.
Why didn’t he finish his question?
10. What happened with the girl?
9. Escoge la forma correcta del verbo en cursiva.
1.
I was having/had a shower when the telephone was ringing/rang.
2.
What were you doing/did you do when they arrived/were arriving?
3.
When I was arriving/arrived home, I was having/had dinner and went/was going to
bed.
4.
While Sarah was watching/watched TV, her husband bathed/was bathing the baby.
5.
She met/was meeting her husband while they studied/were studying at university.
6.
Sue was the most elegant girl at the party. She wore/was wearing a long, black,
silk dress.
7.
I finished/was finishing my shopping and was going/went home.
10. Corrige las frases que no sean correctas.
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MEDIO. UNIDAD 7
1.
There are too much people queueing for the cinema. Let’s go somewhere else!
2.
How many money did you spend on your holiday?
3.
I’d like a little of sugar in my coffee, please.
4.
I’m going to buy a new car. The one I’ve got now is giving me a lot of trouble. It’s
always breaking down!
5.
- How much cigarettes do you smoke a day?
- Not much. About four or five.
y OPEN EXERCISES EVALUATION
11. Responde a las siguientes preguntas sobre ti.
a)
What were you doing yesterday morning at 11.00?
b)
How much coffee do you drink every day?
c)
Have you ever been robbed? If so, what did the robbers steal?
d)
What are you wearing today?
e)
Are there many members in your family? Explain it briefly.
12. ¿Qué estabas haciendo ayer a estas horas?
1.
2.
8:00 a.m.
11:30 a.m.
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3.
Noon.
4.
2:00 p.m.
5.
5:15 p.m.
6.
10:00 p.m.
7.
Midnight.
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