COGNATES AND FALSE COGNATES
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Hoy mi teacher me hizo algo que me dejó embarrased... COGNATES AND FALSE COGNATES COGNATES- LENGUAJE TRANSFER/WORD BORROWING Cognates are words which are similar in English and Spanish. Their similarity can be in their written form or their pronunciation. Recognizing these words in a text make things easier for the reader. Cognates can be names, dates, and information. Cognates are words that share: Similar meaning Similar Spelling English and Spanish share about 30 to 40% of the words. Cognates are a bridge to learn Spanish! ENGLISH SPANISH INTUITIVE INTUITIVO NEUROSIS NEUROSIS PSYCHOLOGY PSICOLOGIA PERFECT COGNATES Artificial Popular Chocolate Tropical Usual Animal Cereal Banana Soda Hotel HOW MANY COGNATES DO YOU KNOW IN ENGLISH/ SPANISH? BRAINSTORM! 2. Complete the following box. Computer Television Bank Spanish words that end in -a, -o or -e very often have an equivalent in English. Simply drop or change the last vowel. Aire causa costo creativo credito dieta There are many Spanish cognates that end in cion. The equivalent English word ends in -tion. Note that all of these words have the stress on the final syllable. Also, all of these words are feminine in gender. Abreviación acción aclamación administración admiración afirmación Words that in in -dad are quite common in Spanish. They usually correspond to an English word that ends in -ty. All of these words are feminine in gender. autoridad (authority) comunidad dificultad necesidad prosperidad publicidad universidad English words that end in -ic usually have a Spanish cognate that simply add an -o. Atlántico automático democrático didáctico patriótico romántico sarcástico Like the previous category, English words that end in -ical have a Spanish cognate that ends in -ico. clásico cómico eléctrico físico English words that end in -ent often have a cognate in Spanish that ends in -ente. These words are usually adjectives. agente cliente diferente equivalente indiferente inteligente patente Be careful with Spanish words that end inmente (as opposed to just -ente). They usually have an English cognate that ends in -ly. These are adverbs. afortunadamente (fortunately) correctamente desafortunadamente (unfortunately) especialmente exactamente finalmente Words that end in -ment in English have equivalents in Spanish that simply add an -o. These words are nouns. argumento monumento sacramento suplemento Words that end in -al in both English and Spanish are often cognates. animal anual capital central comercial especial general intelectual English words that end in -ence or -ance often have a Spanish cognate that ends in -encia or ancia. Abundancia circunstancia conciencia diferencia distancia experiencia -ant (or sometimes -ent)words in English sometimes end in -ante in Spanish. abundante constante elegante estudiante importante restaurante Some English words that end in -ous have a Spanish cognate that ends in -oso. ambicioso curioso delicioso famoso glorioso gracioso English words with the ending -y sometimes have an equivalent in Spanish with the ending ia or -io. Aristocracia democracia familia historia misterio remedio English words that end in -or often have a Spanish cognate that is identical. Actor color director doctor English words that end in -ist often have a Spanish cognate. artista florista pianista turista recepcionista FALSE COGNATES False cognates are words whose written form or pronunciation is similar in English and Spanish, but can be different in meaning. 1. FALSE COGNATES VERSUS TRUE COGNATES Embarazado Mapa Carpeta Chocolate Horno Pan idea Desierto Religión Teléfono Dinero 1. FALSE COGNATES VERSUS TRUE COGNATES Embarazado Mapa☻ Carpeta Persona ☻ Horno Pan Idea ☻ Desierto Religión ☻ teléfono ☻ Dinero ANSWERS Embarazado Embarrased CARPET HORNO PAN Desierto DINERO 3. Read the following text and underline /copy the cognates or transparent words. 4. Using your ideas, give a title to the text. Hola! Yo me llamo Susana y yo vivo en Madrid España. Yo tengo 12 años y tengo dos mascotas; una tortuga y perico. Cuando voy al colegio, le digo adiós a mi mama, y pongo mis notas, colores y otros útiles escolares en la mochila. En el colegio tengo muchos amigos y amigas. Mis amigos son curiosos, inteligentes y activos. A mis amigos y a mí nos gusta jugar basquetbol y futbol. También nos gusta comer hamburguesas, y tomar jugo de melón. Eso es todo por ahora, un abrazo! Susana. WARM UP : REVIEW YOUR ANSWERS FROM THE COGNATES HO. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Admiration Education Production Attention Nation Emotion Imagination Situation Civilization Aviation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. University Generosity Necessity Opportunity Capacity Curiosity Dignity Eternity Variety Authority 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Glory Geography Matrimony Ceremony Family Industry Necessary Remedy Memory Courtesy 11. Mysterious 12. Nervous 13. Curious 14. Religious 15. Mountainous 16. Generous 17. Furious 18. Glorious 19. Marvelous 20. Suspicious
