género Callogorgia

género Callogorgia
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Description 1
“25. Cal l ogorgi a Gray, 1858
FIGURE 12A–D
Callogorgia Gray, 1858:286.—Bayer, 1956:F220; 1961:294 [illustrated key to genus]; 1981b:938 [key to
genus]; 1982:119–123 [in part: key to Indo-Pacific species, genus synonymy].—Bayer and Stefani,
1989:455 [key to genus].—Bayer, 1998:162–163.—Cairns and Bayer, 2002:841–845 [key to western
Atlantic species].
Calligorgia Gray, 1870:35 [unjustified emendation].—Studer, 1887:51.
Callicella Gray, 1870:37.
Xiphocella Gray, 1870:56.
Caligorgia Wright and Studer, 1889:75–77 [in part; unjustified emendation].— Versluys 1906:55–58 [in
part].—Kinoshita, 1908a:34.—Kükenthal, 1915:146 [key to genus and species]; 1919:362–366 [in part: key
to species]; 1924:267–269 [in part: key to species].
Diagnosis. Colonies usually pinnately branched in an alternating manner (e.g., type species),
dichotomously branched in one plane, or, rarely, opposite pinnately branched. Calyces arranged in
whorls of up to 12, the appressed calyces facing upward (Figure 12a). Well-developed operculum
present, the operculars ridged on their inner surface. Eight marginal scales present, which do not fold
over operculars. Polyps protected by four to eight longitudinal rows of up to 12 body wall scales, the
abaxials occurring in fully developed rows but lateral and adaxial scale rows progressively shorter
toward adaxial side; in some species adaxial and even inner-lateral body wall scales absent, resulting in
the lower adaxial body wall being naked. Outer surface of body wall scales smooth, granular, or covered
with prominent radiating or reticulate ridges (Figure 12b); distal edge of inner surface of body wall
scales radially ridged, these ridges sometimes continuous with the ridges of the outer surface.
Coenenchymal scales arranged in one layer, outer surface usually granular.
Discussion. Many of the listings in the genus synonymy must be listed as “in part” because species now
attributed to Fanellia were customarily placed in Callogorgia. The 26 valid species known in the genus
are listed in Table 4, most of these keyed by either Bayer (1982) or Cairns and Bayer (2002), both of
whom extensively discuss the characters used to identify species. Bayer (1982) distinguished two
groups of species within the genus based on the sculpturing of the body wall scales (granular versus
crested) but did not suggest taxonomic distinction at any level.
Distribution. Indo-Pacific, North Atlantic, 37–2,472 m.
Type Species. Callogorgia: Gorgonia verticillata Pallas, 1766, by monotypy. Type not traced. The type
species was well described and illustrated by Carpine and Grasshoff (1975).
Callicella: C. elegans Gray, 1870, by monotypy. The dry types are deposited at the BM (1965.12.15.6, 8).
Xiphocella: Gorgonia verticillata sensu Esper, 1797, by monotypy. Type not traced.”
(Bayer & Cairns, 2009)
Habitat
Depth range based on 19 specimens in 6 taxa.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 11 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 176 - 966
Temperature range (°C): -1.411 - 15.348
Nitrate (umol/L): 13.585 - 42.885
Salinity (PPS): 34.110 - 34.625
Oxygen (ml/l): 1.002 - 6.281
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.044 - 3.069
Silicate (umol/l): 12.308 - 118.110
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 176 - 966
Temperature range (°C): -1.411 - 15.348
Nitrate (umol/L): 13.585 - 42.885
Salinity (PPS): 34.110 - 34.625
Oxygen (ml/l): 1.002 - 6.281
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.044 - 3.069
Silicate (umol/l): 12.308 - 118.110
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
References
1. © National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, some rights reserved