investigando la herencia

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Brandon, VT 05733
investigando
la herencia
guía del profesor
Editors:
Brian A. Jerome Ph.D.
Stephanie Zak Jerome
Assistant Editors:
Louise Marrier
Josh Hummel
Toni Ramirez
Graphics:
Fred Thodal
a message from our company | viewing clearances | use and copyright
a message from our company . . .
Visual Learning is a Vermont-based, family owned company specializing in
the creation of science programs. As former classroom science teachers,
we have designed our programs to meet the needs and interests of both
students and teachers. Our mission is to help educators and students meet
educational goals while experiencing the thrill of science!
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In showing these programs, no admission charges are to be incurred. The
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Duplication rights are available, but must be negotiated with visual learning
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Closed circuit rights are available, and are defined as the use of the program
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use and copyright
The purchase of this video program entitles the user the right to reproduce
or duplicate, in whole or in part, this teacher’s guide and the black line
master handouts for the purpose of teaching in conjunction with this video,
investigando la herencia. The right is restricted only for use with this video
program. Any reproduction or duplication, in whole or in part, of this guide
and student masters for any purpose other than for use with this video
program is prohibited.
2
The video and this teacher’s guide are the exclusive property of the copyright
holder. Copying, transmitting, or reproducing in any form, or by any means,
without prior written permission from the copyright holder is prohibited (Title
17, U.S. Code Sections 501 and 506).
Copyright © 2013
ISBN 1-59234-872-5
investigando la herencia
index
teacher’s guide
a message from our company
2
viewing clearances
2
use and copyright
2
student learning objectives
4
assessment
4
introducing the program
5
program viewing suggestions
5
literature connections
5
key vocabulary
6
video script
6
answer key to student assessments
9
answer key to student activities
9
las actividades del estudiante
¿qué sabe ahora?
10
¿qué ha aprendido?
11
revisión del video
12
evaluación del video
12
rasgos
13
rasgos adquiridos y los rasgos hereditarios
14
investigando la herencia
3
student learning objectives | assessment
student learning objectives
Upon viewing the video and completing the enclosed student activities,
students will be able to do the following:
1  List
some examples of traits of living things.
2  Cite examples of some common human traits.
3  Define heredity as the process of passing on traits from parents to
offspring.
4  Explain that an acquired trait is something you learn or develop the ability
to do.
5  List some examples of acquired traits.
6  Understand that inherited traits are passed from parents to offspring.
7  Cite some common examples of inherited traits.
8  Explain that genetics is the science of heredity.
9  Describe a contribution of genetics.
assessment
what do you know now? (p. 10):
This preliminary assessment is an assessment tool designed to gain an
understanding of students’ preexisting knowledge. It can also be used as a
benchmark upon which to assess student progress based on the objectives
stated on the previous pages.
what have you learned? (p. 11):
This post assessment can be utilized as an assessment tool following
student completion of the program and student activities. The results of
this assessment can be compared against the results of the preliminary
assessment to assess student progress.
video review (p. 12):
The video review can be used as an assessment tool or as a student activity.
There are two sections. The first part contains questions displayed during
the program. The second part consists of a five-question video quiz to be
answered at the end of the video.
4
investigando la herencia
Before showing the video to students ask them to write down the color of their
hair on a piece of scrap paper. Next, ask them to write down their approximate
height. And last, ask them to write down their eye color. Ask them if they have
any choice of these features. Ask them if they were born with these features or
did they do something to get these features. Explain that these are examples of
inherited characteristics.
Next, ask your students to write down something they are good at or enjoy
doing. Answers may range from playing a sport, to reading, to playing a
musical instrument. Ask them if they inherited these abilities or if they learned
to do them. Write “acquired characteristics” on the board. Explain the acquired
characteristics are things we learn how to do. We are not born with acquired
characteristics. Tell students to pay close attention to the video to learn more
about inherited characteristics, acquired characteristics, and heredity.
program viewing suggestions
The student master “video review” is provided (p. 12) for distribution to students.
You may choose to have your students complete this master while viewing the
program or do so upon its conclusion.
The program is approximately 10 to 12 minutes in length and includes a fivequestion video quiz. Answers are not provided to the video quiz in the video, but
are included in this guide on page 9. You may choose to grade student quizzes
as an assessment tool or to review the answers in class.
introducing the program | program viewing suggestions | literature connections
introducing the program
The video is content-rich with numerous vocabulary words. For this reason you
may want to periodically stop the video to review and discuss new terminology
and concepts.
literature connections
Bardoe, Cheryl. Gregor Mendel: The Friar Who Grew Peas. New York:
Harry N. Abrams, 2006.
Graham, Ian. Genetics: The Study of Heredity. New York: Gareth Steven
Publishing, 2002.
Hawley, Ella. Exploring Heredity (Let’s Explore Life Science). New York:
Powerkids Press, 2012.
Silverman, Buffy. Hair Traits: Color, Texture, and More. Minneapolis:
Lerner Classroom, 2012.
investigando la herencia
5
key vocabulary |video script
key
vocabulary
1
2
characteristic
trait
inherited trait
genetics
video script
01 
introduction
14 
heredity and traits
02  Have
you ever wondered why some animals look nearly identical to their
parents?
03  For example, notice how this lamb looks a lot like its mother.
04  In many cases the same holds true with plants.
05  Young plants often look very similar to their parents.
06  You may have also noticed that some children look very much like their
parents.
07  What causes this?
08  The answer lies in heredity.
09  What is heredity?
10  What are some of the things we can learn by studying heredity?
11  And, why is heredity important?
12  During the next few minutes we are going to answer these questions,...
13  ... and others as we investigate heredity.
you 15  What’s the color of the fur of this calf?
observe 16  That’s right it’s brown.
17  The
6
heredity
acquired trait
mother of this calf also has brown fur.
18  Fur color is one example of a characteristic.
19  Another word for characteristic is trait.
20  This dog, for example, has many different traits.
21  Some of its traits include eye color,...
22  ...fur color and thickness,...
23  ... height,...
24  ... and head shape to name just a few.
25  All living things, whether they be plants or animals have many different traits.
26  In some cases traits are passed on from parents to their children, also called
offspring.
27  Heredity is the process of passing on traits from parents to offspring.
investigando la herencia
you
decide
4
you
decide
5
28 
video script
3
acquired traits
29  Think
about some of the things you do well.
30  Maybe you are good at playing sports.
31  Perhaps you are a very good musician.
32  Or maybe you’re an excellent reader.
33  Could
you do these things when you were born?
34  No, you could not do these things when you were born...
35  ...or even when you were a toddler.
36  Instead, you had to learn how to do these things.
37  With teaching and practice, you became better at them.
38  These learned skills are called acquired traits.
39  An acquired trait is something you learned or develop the ability to do. You
are not born with acquired traits.
40 
Graphic Transition – inherited traits
41  Think
about some of your basic physical features such as your eye color, your
height, and your hair color.
42  Did
you acquire or inherit these traits?
43  That’s right, you inherited these traits from your parents.
44  You can’t learn to make your eyes a different color...
45  ...and you can’t acquire the ability to make yourself taller or shorter.
46  Inherited traits are different from acquired traits.
47 
Graphic Transition – heredity and science
48  As
we mentioned earlier, heredity is the process of passing traits from parents
to offspring.
49  Genetics is the science of heredity.
50  Genetics has produced many things that have improved our lives.
51  For example, genetics has helped create new types of plants that produce
more food.
52  Genetics has enabled scientists to develop new medicines to prevent and cure
diseases.
53  Needless to say, the science of genetics has a big effect on our lives.
investigando la herencia
7
video script
6
7
8
54 
video review
64 
video quiz
55  During
the past few minutes, we explored the fascinating topic of heredity.
56  We began by seeing that living things have many characteristics called traits.
57  We learned that heredity is the passing on of traits.
58  The difference between acquired traits and inherited traits were explained.
59  We discovered that acquired traits are learned.
60  Whereas inherited traits are passed on from parents to offspring.
61  Last, we learned about genetics which is the science of heredity.
62  Some of the ways genetics has helped us were highlighted.
63  This rounded out our investigation of heredity.
65  Fill
in the correct word to complete the sentence.
66  1. Another word for characteristic is ___.
67  2. _____ is the passing on of traits
68  3. Learned skills are _____traits.
69  4. Eye color is an ______ trait.
70  5. _____ is the science of heredity.
investigando la herencia
¿qué sabe ahora? (pág. 10)
1  rasgo
2  hojas verdes
3  crías
4  herencia
5  rasgo adquirido
6  aprender a leer
7  capacidad para llorar
8  rasgos heredados
9  capacidad para tirar una pelota de
baloncesto
10  genética
revisión del video (pág. 12)
1  El color del pelaje de la pantorrilla es
de color café.
2  No, no podía hacer estas cosas
cuando usted nació.
3  Estos rasgos fueron heredados de sus
padres.
¿qué ha aprendido? (pág. 11)
1  capacidad para llorar
2  rasgo adquirido
3  capacidad para tirar una pelota de
baloncesto
4  rasgo
5  crías
6  genética
7  herencia
8  aprender a leer
9  hojas verdes
10  rasgos heredados
evaluación del video (pág. 12)
1  rasgo
2  la herencia
3  adquirida
4  heredado
5  genética
Clave de respuestas para las actividades
del estudiante
answer key to student assessments | answer key to student activities
Clave de respuestas para la evaluación
del estudiante
rasgos (pág. 13)
a. 1. hojas verdes 2. muchas hojas 3. raíces
b. 1. manchas 2. cuellos largos 3. cuatro patas
c. 1. dos ojos de color oscuro 2. lóbulo de las orejas despegado 3. Cabello ondulado
rasgos adquiridos y los rasgos hereditarios (págs. 14-15)
1  Golpear una pelota de béisbol; Rasgo adquirido; Tienes que aprender a golpear
una pelota de béisbol.
2  Color de ojos; rasgo heredado; Usted nace con un color determinado de ojos. Este
se transmite de padres a hijos.
3  Lóbulo adjunto; rasgo heredado; Este rasgo se transmite de padres a hijos.
4  Patear una pelota de fútbol; Rasgo adquirido; Usted necesita aprender y practicar
el fútbol. Usted no nace con la capacidad de jugar al fútbol.
5  Esquiar en nieve; Rasgo adquirido; Se necesita una gran cantidad de aprendizaje y
la práctica para aprender a esquiar en nieve.
investigando la herencia
9
¿qué sabe
ahora?
Nombre:
Seleccione la mejor respuesta para cada una de las siguientes preguntas.
1
¿Cuál es otra palabra para
característica?
6
¿Qué es un rasgo adquirido?
7
¿Con qué rasgo usted nace?
color de los ojos
su altura
aprender a leer
El tamaño de su pie
ejemplo
rasgo
muestra
diagrama
2
¿Cuál es el un rasgo de una planta?
hojas verdes
pelo rojo
ojos de color café
color de la piel
3
¿Cuál es otra palabra para hijos?
8
¿Cuál es el proceso de transmisión
de rasgos de padres a hijos?
9
¿Qué tipo de rasgo usted aprende a
hacer?
rasgo hereditario
rasgo de intercambio
rasgo de transformación
rasgo adquirido
10 | investigando la herencia
¿Cuál no es un rasgo
hereditario?
capacidad para escuchar
color de los ojos
capacidad de tirar una pelota de baloncesto
sonido de tu voz
difusión
cambio
crecimiento
herencia
5
¿Cuáles son los rasgos que se
transmiten de padres a hijos?
rasgos heredados
rasgos adquiridos
ningun rasgo
rasgos invisibles
patitos
crías
conejitos
padres
4
Hablando palabras
capacidad de llorar
cantar música
capacidad de leer
10
¿Cuál es la ciencia de la
herencia?
geología
astronomía
botánica
genética
visual learning systems
¿qué ha
aprendido?
Nombre:
Seleccione la mejor respuesta para cada una de las siguientes preguntas.
1
¿Con qué rasgo usted nace?
6
Hablando palabras
capacidad de llorar
cantar música
capacidad de leer
2
¿Qué tipo de rasgo usted aprende a
hacer?
geología
astronomía
botánica
genética
7
rasgo hereditario
rasgo de intercambio
rasgo de transformación
rasgo adquirido
3
4
¿Cuál no es un rasgo hereditario?
capacidad para escuchar
color de los ojos
capacidad de tirar una pelota de baloncesto
sonido de tu voz
¿Cuál es otra palabra para
característica?
ejemplo
rasgo
muestra
diagrama
5
¿Cuál es otra palabra para hijos?
patitos
crías
conejitos
padres
visual learning systems
¿Cuál es la ciencia de la herencia?
¿Cuál es el proceso de transmisión
de rasgos de padres a hijos?
difusión
cambio
crecimiento
herencia
8
9
10
¿Qué es un rasgo adquirido?
color de los ojos
su altura
aprender a leer
El tamaño de su pie
¿Cuál es el un rasgo de una planta?
hojas verdes
pelo rojo
ojos de color café
color de la piel
¿Cuáles son los rasgos que se
transmiten de padres a hijos?
rasgos heredados
rasgos adquiridos
ningun rasgo
rasgos invisibles
investigando la herencia | 11
revisión del video
Nombre:
observa
¿Cuál es el color del pelaje| de esta ternera?
decide
¿Podías hacer estas cosas| cuando naciste?
decide
¿Adquiriste o heredaste estos rasgos?
evaluación del video
A las características también se les llama _________________.
La ____________________ es la transmisión de rasgos.
Las habilidades aprendidas son rasgos ___________________.
El color de los ojos es un rasgo _______________________.
La _____________________ es la ciencia| de la herencia.
12 | investigando la herencia
visual learning systems
rasgos
Nombre:
Todos los seres vivos, ya sean plantas o animales tienen muchas
características. Otra palabra para característica es rasgo. Su color de ojos y
la altura son ejemplos de rasgos.
Instrucciones: Enumere tres rasgos para cada uno de los seres vivos que se
ven en la lista de abajo.
a
1
2
3
b
1
2
3
c
1
2
3
visual learning systems
investigando la herencia | 13
rasgos adquiridos
y rasgos
heredados
Nombre:
Un rasgo es una característica de un ser vivo. Los rasgos a menudo se
dividen en dos grupos: rasgos adquiridos y rasgos heredados.
Un rasgo adquirido es algo que aprendió a hacer. Uno no nace con rasgos
adquiridos. Entre los ejemplos de rasgos adquiridos están el aprender a
leer, o convertirse en un buen jugador de béisbol.
Los rasgos heredados son diferentes de los rasgos adquiridos. Los rasgos
heredados se transmiten de padres a crías. Los rasgos tales como el color
de ojos, la estatura y la forma de su cara son rasgos heredados.
Instrucciones: Describa cada uno de los rasgos mostrados. Luego decida si
es un rasgo adquirido o un rasgo heredado. Después explique su respuesta.
1
Rasgo mostrado
Rasgo adquirido
o hereditario
Explique
2
Rasgo mostrado
Rasgo adquirido
o hereditario
Explique
14 | investigando la herencia
visual learning systems
rasgos adquiridos
y rasgos
heredados
3
Nombre:
Rasgo mostrado
Rasgo adquirido
o heredado
Explique
4
Rasgo mostrado
Rasgo adquirido
o heredado
Explique
5
Rasgo mostrado
Rasgo adquirido
o heredado
Explique
visual learning systems
investigando la herencia | 15