REPORTED SPEECH Statements

REPORTED SPEECH
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/statements
Si referimos a alguien lo que otra persona ha dicho, normalmente no usamos las palabras exactas del
hablante, sino que realizamos algunos cambios
La estructura es ligeramente diferente si referimos una oración enunciativa (statement) o una pregunta.
Statements
Cuando transformamos oraciones enunciativas los cambios afectan a:
Pronombres personales, posesivos y adjetivos posesivos.
Expresiones de tiempo y lugar.
Tiempos verbales
TIEMPOS VERBALES
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
Simple Present
Simple Past
Present Progressive
Past Progressive
Simple Past
Present Perfect Simple
Past Perfect Simple
Past Perfect Simple
Past Progressive
Past Progressive
Future (going to)
was / were going to
Future (will)
Conditional (would)
Conditional (would)
Los verbos could, should, would, might, must, needn’t, ought to, used to no cambian.
Example: He said, “She might be right.” – He said that she might be right.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO Y LUGAR
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
today
that day
now
then
yesterday
the day before
… days ago
… days before
last week
the week before
next year
the following year
tomorrow
the next day / the following day
here
there
this
that
these
those
Exercises on reported speech
Questions
Cuando transformamos preguntas, los cambios afectan a:
Pronombres personales, posesivos y adjetivos posesivos.
Expresiones de tiempo y lugar.
Tiempos verbales
También tenemos que:
Transformar la pregunta en una pregunta indirecta, es decir, NO HAY AUXILIAR y el orden de los
elementos es: SUJETO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTO.
Usar la partícula if en las preguntas sin pronombre interrogativo (wh questions)
No usamos that en las preguntas sin pronombre interrogativo (yes/no questions)
Type
wh questions
yes/no questions
Example
direct speech
“Why don’t you speak English?”
reported speech
He asked me why I didn’t speak English.
direct speech
“Do you speak English?”
reported speech
He asked me whether / if I spoke English.
Type
Direct Speech
Reported speech
statement
He said: “She lives in London.“
He said that she lived in London
wh questions
He asked:“Where does she live?“
He asked where she lived.
yes/no questions He asked: “Does she live in London?“
Exercises on reported speech
He asked if she lived in London.