DO, IO and Reflexive
English DO/IO
DO in Sp
IO in Sp
Reflex. Eng
Reflex. in Sp
me
me
me
myself
me
you
te
te
yourself
te
him / her / it
lo / a
le
him/her/itself
se
us
nos
nos
ourselves
nos
you
os
os
yourselves
os
them
los / las
les
themselves
se
Prepositions
Prepositions
Prepositions
NOTES:
But many
DO→Ø
Inanimate→ Ø
Always “a” or
Reflexive
verbs that
**IO→to/for
Living→a
“para”
verbs are
don’t have
typically
“se” can be
indicated with
made
a “se” in the
reflexive:
infinitve
“verse”
Note: I bought her a
Note: “Gustar” takes
book →I bought a
the IO pronouns.
book for her
“Les gusta el libro”.
Translate the following questions:
1. I don’t have the computer. I gave her it.
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2. I saw them at the store.
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3. I wash my face everyday.
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4. I don’t know if we have enough water. I brought it for them.
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5. I usually go to bed at midnight.
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6. The movies were pleasing to me.
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7. I didn’t know where my backpack was. I found it here yesterday night. (encontrar)
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PRONOUNS: AFTER AND ATTACHED: DO, IO and Reflexive pronouns are typically positioned before the verb or chain of verbs (never in the middle of a chain of verbs). But there are three cases in which some consideration must be given to positioning them after and attached: 1. INFINITIVES: After and attached becomes and optional position: Ella no sabe donde está la computadora y quiere usarla ahora.
Ella no sabe donde está la computadora y la quiere usar ahora.
INCORRECT: Ella no sabe donde está la computadora y quiere la usar ahora.
2. GERUNDS (‐ing = ‐ando/‐iendo): After and attached becomes and optional position: Yo tengo la computadora, pero estoy usándola ahora.
Yo tengo la computadora, pero la estoy usando ahora.
INCORRECT: Yo tengo la computadora, pero estoy la usando ahora.
3. POSITIVE COMMANDS: These pronouns must be positioned after and attached as the only option. Pon la computadora en la mesa. Enciéndela.
INCORRECT: Pon la computadora en la mesa. La enciende.
In the case of negative commands, we use the default position before the verb. Pon la computadora en la mesa. Pero no la enciendas.
INCORRECT: Pon la computadora en la mesa. Pero no enciendasla.
ACCENT MARKS WITH AFTER AND ATTACHED 1. INFINITIVES: Accent mark with 2 pronouns on the –ár, ‐ér, ‐ír 2. GERUNDS: Accent mark with 1 or 2 pronouns on the –ándo, ‐iéndo 3. POSITIVE COMMANDS: Accent mark with 1 or 2 pronouns on the vowel before the verb “opposite” ending. DO & IO practice
Commands . Translate:
1. Don’t goto the party with her tomorrow.
No ir—tú
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2. Buy more food.
Comprar—Ud.
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3. Be more friendly with them.
Ser—Uds.
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4. Prepare it for them
Preparar—Tú
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5. Don’t ask them for help with the Project.
No pedir—Uds.
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6. Visit her tonight.
Visitar—tú
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7. Don’t talk to her at work.
No hablar—Ud.
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8. Don’t bring them to the theater.
No traer—Uds.
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9. Don’t give it to us now.
No dar—Tú
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10. Play in the park with them.
Jugar—Uds.
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11. Make it by phone.
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Hacer—Ud.
OTHER CASES: Translate to the other language. Use pronouns as indicated:
1. Me gusta el pan aquí. Ellos lo rebanan muy bien también.
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2. Las mochilas están en la escuela. Pero nosotros las limpiamos el domingo.
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3. No hay fruta porque vosotros la habéis comido toda.
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4. La carne tiene buen aspecto, pero tienes que ponerla en el congelador.
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5. Compramos una pelota nueva, pero no sabemos donde la hemos puesto.
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6. Hay muchas patatas. Las he pelado antes de hervirlas.
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7. The water is boiling in the kitchen.
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8. She didn’t finish the composition. She is writing it now.
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9. Juan didn’t do the homework today, but he does it every day.
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10. Sandra and Antonio love tomatoes. They eat them all the time.
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11. Pedro goes there in the morning on Saturdays.
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12. Mr. V. always has candy (caramelos). He gives us them for good answers.
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