The Agriculture and Fisheries sector in Andalucia
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The Agriculture and Fisheries sector in Andalucia Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Spain Region of Andalucia • Member State: Spain • Area: 87,597 km2 (17% of the Spanish area) • Region included in the Convergence Objective1 for the period 2007-2013 • Andalucia is classified as Intermediate region2, in terms of the OECD classification Andalucia (1) Region included in the Convergence Objective: those NUTS 2 regions whose GDP per capita is lower than 75% of the European Union average (2) Intermediate Region (IR): 15% to 50% of the population living in rural areas. Andalucia has 33.2% of its population living in rural areas. Total population 2010 600,000 500,000 thousands of people Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Population 400,000 Andalucian population represents 1.7% of the UE 27 total population and 17.8% of the Spanish population 300,000 501,121 200,000 100,000 47,021 8,371 0 EU 27 Spain Andalucia Source: EUROSTAT, Spanish Institute of Statistics Population growth over the period from 2000 to 2010 Difference EU 27 3.80% Spain 16.10% Andalucia 14.05% Source: EUROSTAT, Spanish Office for National Statistics High growth rate of the Andalucian and Spanish population compared to the UE 27 rate Population density 2010 120 100 nº people / km 2 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Population 80 60 113.8 92.9 95.6 Spain Andalucia 40 Andalucia has a population density similar to that of Spain and, lower to that of the EU 27… 20 0 EU 27 Source: Own preparation from data of EUROSTAT and the Spanish Spanish Office for National Statistics …however, population density changes depending on the area: - Higher density: Capitals and coastal areas - Lower density: inland of eastern and northern Andalucia Source: Own preparation from data of the Institute of Statistics of Andalucia 2010 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Population Population structure by age. Year 2009 100% 4.5% 4.7% 3.7% 90% 12.7% 11.9% 11.0% 18.8% 17.2% 16.1% 36.0% 40.6% 20% 12.3% 10.6% 12.5% 10% 15.6% 16.2% 16.2% EU 27 Spain Andalucia 80% 70% 60% 50% 40.3% 40% 30% 0% 0-14 15-24 25-49 50-64 65-79 80 and over Source: EUROSTAT, Spanish Office for National Statistics The population pyramid shows a younger population in Andalucia compared to Spain and the EU 27 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Economic growth Evolution of GDP growth rate The GDP growth rate in Andalucia is higher than in Europe and slightly higher than in Spain until 2008 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 -2% -4% -6% EU 27 Spain Andalucia 2010 In 2009, the Andalucian GDP growth rate, similar to the European and Spanish, registered negative figures. In 2010, the GDP growth rate registered a recovery at the three levels although, only the European growth has shown positive results Source: EUROSTAT, Office for Statistics of Andalucia GDP per capita. Year 2008 (EU 27 = 100) 120% 100% 80% 60% 100% 103% 80% EU 27 Spain Andalucia 40% 20% 0% Source: EUROSTAT In 2008, the GDP per capita in Andalucia was lower to that in Europe and Spain, although differences are decreasing Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Labor market Labor force participation rate. Year 2010 70% 60% 50% 40% 64.1% 58.6% EU 27 Spain 30% 50.3% 20% 10% 0% Andalucia Source: EUROSTAT Women's labor force participation rate. Year 2010 70% 60% 50% 40% 58.2% 30% 52.3% 43.1% 20% 10% 0% EU 27 Source: EUROSTAT Spain Andalucia The Andalucia’s labor force participation rate is still lower to Spain and Europe rate… Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Labor market Evolution of the labor force participation rate for the period 20002010 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 EU 27 2005 Spain 2006 2007 2008 2010 Andalucia Source: EUROSTAT ... but it shows a high growth and convergence rate although, since 2008 it has experienced a backward trend. This trend has been experienced mainly by the total population compared to the women’s population due to the general economic situation 2009 Evolution of women's labor force participation rate for the period 2000-2010 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2000 2001 Source: EUROSTAT 2002 2003 2004 EU 27 2005 Spain 2006 2007 Andalucia 2008 2009 2010 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Labor market Unemployment rate. Year 2010 30% 25% 20% 20.1% 28.0% 15% 10% 5% 9.6% 0% EU 27 Spain Andalucia Andalucia’s unemployment rate is higher than Spain and Europe rate... Source: EUROSTAT Women's unemployment rate. Year 2010 35% 30% 25% 20% 20.5% 15% 29.4% 10% 5% 9.6% 0% EU 27 Source: EUROSTAT Spain Andalucia Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Labor market Evolution of the unemployment rate for the period 2000-2010 ... but it shows a fast growth and convergence rate until 2007 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 EU 27 2005 Spain 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Andalucia In 2008 this trend at national and regional level changed due to the general economic situation Source: EUROSTAT The Spanish unemployment rate in 2010 rose to 20.1%, a figure lower than the Andalucian unemployment rate which was at 28.0% in 2010 Evolution of women's unemployment for the period 2000-2010 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 EU 27 Source: EUROSTAT 2005 Spain 2006 2007 Andalucia 2008 2009 2010 The Spanish women’s unemployment rate in 2010 was at 20.5% while the Andalucian employment rate was a bit higher, at 29.4% Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Labor market Importance of Agricultural Employment Economically active population in Andalucia. Year 2010 Services 60% Construction 12% Industry 7% Unem ployed job seekers 12% Agriculture 9% The agricultural economically active population in Andalucia in 2010 stood at 9%, figure that duplicates and triples the Spanish and EU 27 figures, respectively The average agricultural employment rate registered in 2010 was 35%, while the average total unemployment rate registered in the same year was 30% Source: Agricultural activities are the main source of employment in half of Andalucian municipalities Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Labor market Importance of the agricultural economically active population in the total economically active population 12% 10% 9.9% 9.0% 8% 6% 5.3% 4.4% 4% 2% 0% 2005 2006 Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics 2007 Spain 2008 Andalucia 2009 2010 Agricultural economically active population The proportion of economically active population in Andalucia’s agricultural sector is greater than in Spain A great number of people who are temporary employees in the agricultural sector are part of this economically active population However, the importance of agricultural economically active population in the economically active population has decreased, both in Spain and in Andalucia in the period 2005-2010 During 2010, the importance of the economically active population slightly improved at national level while, Andalucia experienced a greater recovery of the importance of the agricultural economically active population in the total economically active population Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Labor market Population employed in Agriculture Importance of the population employed in agriculture in the total population employed 10% 9.2% 9% 8.1% 8% 7% 6% 5.3% 5% 4.3% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% 2005 2006 2007 Spain 2008 Andalucia 2009 2010 Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics As in the case of the economically active population, the importance of population employed in agriculture in the total population employed had a downwards trend until 2009 both in Spain and Andalucia That trend changed in 2010, when the importance of population employed in agriculture in the total population employed recovered at national level and, specially, at regional level. As a result of the economic situation, many employees have tried to find a job in the Agricultural Sector Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Labor market Unemployed agricultural workers Importance of unemployed agricultural workers in the total unemployed population 16% 14.2% 14% 12% 11.6% 10% 8% 6% 5.6% 4.8% 4% 2% 0% 2005 2006 2007 Spain 2008 Andalucia 2009 2010 Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics The importance of unemployed agricultural workers in the total unemployed population has decreased both in Spain and in Andalucia in the period 20052009 During 2010, this decrease continued in Andalucia although, at national level, the importance of unemployed agricultural workers slightly increased Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Social and economic context. Labor market Affiliation to the National Health Service Inter-annual difference of people affiliated to the National Health Service in Andalucia 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% -2% 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 -4% -6% -8% -10% General scheme Special Agricultural scheme Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics The number of people affiliated to the Special Agricultural scheme in Andalucia has increased since 2008. In a year, the number of affiliates has increased by 21,300 people, what represents a growth of 4.7%. This figure represents the highest number of affiliates in this particular scheme in the period observed. The main reason of this increase could be the number of employees that have decided to go back to the agricultural sector after having been working in other productive sector for years Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agriculture Sector in Andalucia Predominant vegetation and land uses per municipality in Andalucia Source: Statistical atlas of Andalucia, year 2003. Office for Statistics of Andalucia As per the Data from the Agricultural Census 2009 of the Spanish Institute of Statistics, in Andalucia, arable land occupies 3,183,567 ha, permanent grazing land occupies 1,219,193 ha. and, areas considered as “other types of land” occupy 1,091,067 hectares. The total area of these lands is 5,493,830 hectares, that represents 63% of the total Andalucian area. Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Distribution of arable land EU -- 27 27 EU Cultivated area represents about 243 million hectares, where arable and grazing land stand out Vegetables Permanent 0.2% crops 3% Grazing land 15% Cultivated area in Andalucia is balanced between permanent and annual crops. Olive groves highlight with an area of 1.5 million hectares Forest land 37% Vineyards 1% Olive groves 1% Fodder 5% Arable land 28% Source: Eurostat Andalucia Andalucia Fallow land and cover crops 10% Vegetables 3.9% Fodder Vineyards 1.3% 0.6% Olive groves 47.7% Fruits 9.1% Industrial crops 10.4% Grain 24.6% Rest of crops 2.5% Source: Areas and productions summary of the Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. Average 2005-2008 Farm’s average size per total area (hectares) 80 68.0 70 Farm’s average size in Andalucia is 39% smaller than in Spain when the Total Area is compared 57.7 34.4 34.7 Cantabria 40 La Rioja 43.4 46.5 47.6 Extremadura 50 Madrid 60 50.0 30.9 15.9 22.3 Andalucia 15.8 21.9 Asturias 20 Murcia 30 Basque country Farm's average size (hectares) 24.2 27.0 11.3 10 5.1 7.5 Castilla y León Aragón Navarra Catilla la Mancha SPAIN Catalonia Balearic Islands Galicia Valencia 0 Canary Islands Farm’s average size per usable agricultural area (hectares) 60 54.6 50 44.4 38.1 40 39.6 34.4 33.4 10 3.9 5.5 11.5 Murcia 15.2 12.1 22.5 22.7 Cantabria 17.0 Balearic Islands 20 17.9 Andalucia 24.0 La Rioja 30 Basque country If the Usable Agricultural Area is compared, the farm’s average size in Andalucia is 34% smaller than in Spain Farm's average size (hectares) 18.9 8.0 Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics. Agricultural Census 2009 Castilla y León Aragón Navarra Extremadura Madrid Catilla la Mancha SPAIN Catalonia Asturias Galicia Valencia 0 Canary Islands Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Farms characterization Fuel: there is no correlation between the high increase of oil price in 2010 and the trend of fertilizers prices, which were maintained during 2010 Evolution of oil and fertilizers prices 90 80 70 Price (€/100 kg - €/Bbl) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Evolution of agricultural inputs prices 2006 2007 Ammonium Nitrate 33.5% 2008 Urea 46% 2009 Mixed Fertilizer 15 - 15 - 15 2010 Oil Source: Spanish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural and Marine Areas Fodder: slightly increase of prices in 2010, in accordance with the increase of grain prices Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Importance of the Agriculture Sector in the Andalucian economy Sectoral contribution to the GVA in 2007 80% 71.6% 70% In Andalucia, the agriculture sector is the sector that participates the most in the GVA 68.0% 69.4% 60% 50% 40% 26.6% 29.2% 30% 25.9% 20% 10% 1.8% 2.9% 4.7% 0% Agriculture Source: Institute of Statistics of Andalucia Industry EU 27 Spain Services Andalucia Evolution of the contribution of the Economic Sectors to the Andalucian GVA in the period 2005-2009 80% 70% 68.0% 73.4% 60% 50% 40% 26.5% 30% 22.3% 20% 10% 5.4% 4.3% 0% 2005 2006 Agriculture Source: Office for Statistics of Andalucia 2007 Industry 2008 Services 2009 The agricultural and industry sectors have lost importance in the Andalucian economy. However, the services sector has increased Economic importance of the Andalucian agriculture sector Value of the Agricultural production 2009 400,000 In 2009, the PAS of Spain, worth 37,593 million €, represented 11.2% of the PAS of the EU-27 350,000 300,000 millons of € Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Production of the Agriculture Sector (PAS) 250,000 200,000 336,978 150,000 100,000 50,000 37,593 9,373 Spain Andalucia 0 EU 27 In 2009, the PAS of Andalucia, worth 9,373 million €, represented 2.8% of the PAS of the EU-27 and 24.9% of Spain Source: Statistics yearbook 2009. Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Rural Areas. Economic indicators of Andalucia 2010. Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. According the Report of the Statistics yearbook 2010 of the Spanish Ministry for Agriculture and Rural and Marine Areas, the value of the Spanish PAS of 2010 rose to 39,032 million €, what represented an increase of 3.8% compared to the value of the Spanish PAS of 2009 The Institute of Statistics of Andalucia predicted the Andalucian PAS for 2010 at 10,139 million €, what meant an increase of 8.2% compared to the PAS of 2009 (9,373 million€) Evolution of the agricultural economic indicators in Andalucia 12,000 10,139 10,000 8,760 8,296 8,000 million € Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Production of the Agriculture Sector (PAS): Crop and Animal production in Andalucia 7,314 6,000 4,000 2,000 1,490 1,167 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Production of the Agricultural Sector 2005 2006 2007 Crop Production 2008 2009 2010 Animal Production Source: agricultural economic indicators of Andalucia. Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries In Andalucia, the value of the Production of the Crops sub-sector in 2010 represented 81.8% of the PAS and, the Production of the Animal sub-sector represented 14.7% In 2004, the PAS reached its maximum value at 11,356 Mill €. The Production of the Crops sub-sector rose to 9,640 Mill €, while the Production of the Animal subsector reached 1,387 mill € In 2010, the value of the PAS recovered up to 10,139 mill €. This represented a recovery of 8.2% compared to 2009. An upward trend of the PAS can be observed since 2000 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Production of the Agriculture Sector (PAS) divided by sub-sectors. Andalucia Production of the agriculture sector 2010 Vegetables, seedings, flow ers and plantations 32% Industrial crops 3% Grain 4% Non agricultural services and activities 3% Fruits 22% Other crops 4% The Fruits, Vegetables and Olive oil sub-sectors represented 71% of the production of the Andalucian agriculture sector in 2010 and 87% of the Crop Production The Vegetables sector in 2010 reached 3,284 mill €, what represented a recovery from the previous year The Fruits sector registered 2,242 mill € in 2010, rising by 14.3% compared to 2009 and reaching values similar to those of 2008, when the highest value of the decade was registered Anim al production 15% Olive oil 17% Animal Production Crop production Vegetables, seedings, flow ers and plantations 40% Poultry 13% Sheep and goat 11% Other m eats 4% Horses 4% Milk 18% Fruits 27% Industrial crops 4% Olive oil 20% Grain 5% Other crops 4% Hogs 25% Eggs 11% Cattle 12% Other productions 2% Source: Economic indicators of Andalucia 2010. Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. (*) Provisional Data Farm Income 2009 140,000 120,000 100,000 million € Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Farm Income 80,000 119,639 60,000 40,000 20,000 21,449 7,894 Spain Andalucia 0 EU 27 Source: Agricultural Statistics Yearbook 2009 of the Spanish Ministry for Agriculture and Rural and Marine Areas, Economic indicators of Andalucia 2010 of the Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries The Spanish Farm Income, worth 21,449 mill €, represented 18% of the EU-27 Farm Income in 2009 The Farm Income of Andalucia, worth 7,894 mill €, represented 7% of that of the EU-27 and 37% of Spain in 2009 According the Report of the Statistics yearbook 2010 of the Spanish Ministry for Agriculture and Rural and Marine Areas, the Spanish Farm Income of 2010 amounted to 22,932 mill €, what represented an increase of 6.9% compared to the Spanish Farm Income of 2009 According the Evolution of the economic indicators of Andalucia in 2010, the Andalucian Farm Income of 2010 reached 8,489 mill €, what represented an increase of 7.5% compared to the Andalucian Farm Income of 2009 Evolution of the Farm Income in Andalucia 10,000 8,489 8,572 9,000 8,211 8,186 8,000 7,000 million € Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Evolution of the Farm Income in Andalucia 6,452 7,659 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Source: Economic indicators of Andalucia 2010 of the Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries In the period 2000-2010, the Andalucian Farm Income increased by 32% from 6,452 mill € in 2000 to 8,489 mill € in 2010, close to the values registered in 2004 at 8,572 mill €, the highest Farm Income registered in Andalucia for 10 years Evolution % of the Organic Farming Area of the main countries of the EU-27 20% 18.6% 18% 16.3% 16% 14% 12% 10% 13.1% 12.5% 11.8% 11.0% 9.1% 8.4% 12.9% 8% 7.9% 6% The area for organic farming in Spain has increased continuously, being the area of 4% 2% 2009 six times larger than the 0% 2004 2005 Spain 2006 Italy 2007 Germany 2008 United Kingdom 2009 France area cultivated in 1998 Spain has become the EU-27 Evolution of the Organic Farming Area in Spain country with the larger Organic 1,800 1,603 1,600 Thousand of hectares Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Organic farming Farming area 1,318 1,400 1,200 926 1,000 800 665 733 808 485 600 352 400 725 988 381 269 200 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Source: Eurostat and Spanish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural and Marine Areas Evolution of the Organic Farming Area in Andalucia Provincial distribution. Organic farming area 2010 1,000,000 866,800 900,000 879,859 784,098 Jaén 19% 800,000 Málaga 4% 700,000 hectares Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Organic farming 582,745 600,000 Sevilla 15% 537,269 500,000 Alm ería 4% 403,360 400,000 283,220 300,000 326,704 Huelva 20% 225,599 Cádiz 14% 200,000 107,380 100,000 Granada 13% 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Córdoba 11% 2010 Distribution, by crops, of the Organic Farming area 2010 Grazing land, m eadow s and fooder 60% Others 0.23% Seeds and seed nursery 0.003% Crops 16% Forests and w ild collection 21% Source: Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Grain and pulses Fallow land and cover crop 3% Vegetables and tubers 24% Citrus 34% Fruits Olive groves Vineyards 34% Nuts Banana trees and subtropical crops Aromatic and medicinal plants Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Organic animal husbandry Provincial distribution of Organic livestock farms. 2010 Distribution by type of Organic livestock farms. 2010 29.9% Jaén 10% Málaga 4% Sevilla 15% Huelva 24% Beef cattle 0.2% Sheep for m eat 8.6% Alm ería 1% Dairy sheep 1.2% Goat for m eat 1.9% Dairy goat Hogs Granada 6% Poultry 0.6% Eggs 2.3% Cádiz 24% 5.2% Córdoba 16% 49.9% Variation of the number of heads of stock / beehives Organic animal husbandry in Andalucia 2008 57,322 Beef cattle Sheep for meat 199,427 16,873 Dairy sheep 15,104 Goat for meat 6,573 Dairy goat 3,740 Hogs 8,085 Poultry 17,750 Eggs 30,954 Beehives 2,035 Others Source: Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries 0.1% 2009 2010 63,961 248,717 1,967 22,199 4,488 2,529 200 17,666 22,937 1,404 75,016 254,209 1,605 21,724 6,444 1,732 15,826 13,174 21,434 1,042 Variation 09-10 17.3% 2.2% -18.4% -2.1% 43.6% -31.5% 7813.0% -25.4% -6.6% -25.8% Apiculture Others Provincial distribution of EcoIndustries 2010 Evolution of the number of traders 9,000 Málaga 14% 8,000 Sevilla 19% Jaén 6% 7,000 Nº of traders Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Andalucian Eco-industry Huelva 8% Alm ería 8% 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 Granada 20% Cádiz 9% 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 Córdoba 16% Variation of the number of Eco-industries in Andalucia Type of industry Olive oil mill and/or bottle plant Wineries and bottle plants of Wines and Cavas Fresh vegetables and fruits handling and packing Preserves, and vegetable juices Preparation of spices: aromatic and medicinal Bread and pasta making Cookies and cakes Nuts handling and packing Grain handling and packing Food preparation Slaughterhouses and cutting plants Cold meat and salted meat Milk, cheese and dairy products Meat Eggs Honey Others Fodder TOTAL Source: Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries 2008 2009 2010 97 21 97 20 46 4 9 18 5 4 20 8 7 7 9 14 5 62 453 110 31 122 39 33 48 12 21 8 32 15 20 13 26 14 46 49 8 647 127 43 143 73 28 62 24 31 15 35 34 27 18 14 11 14 88 7 794 Variation 09-10 15.5% 38.7% 17.2% 87.2% -15.2% 29.2% 100.0% 47.6% 87.5% 9.4% 126.7% 35.0% 38.5% -46.2% -21.4% -69.6% 79.6% -12.5% 22.7% 2009 2010 Evolution of the area under Integrated Production conditions in Andalucia Area (hectares) Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Integrated production Distribution per crops. Integrated Production area 2010 450,000 400,000 350,000 300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 Alfalfa Cotton Rice Citrus 12% 9% Strawberry Pit Fruits Vegetables 68% Wine grapes Olive groves Cut flower Potato 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Beet Processed tomato In 2010, Andalucia accounted for 62% of the Spanish total cultivated area under Integrated Production conditions (659,499 ha.), becoming the leading region in Spain of this type of agriculture, followed by Aragon that represented 11% and Valencia that represented 8% of the Spanish area under Integrated Production conditions. Olive groves represent 68% of the total area under Integrated Production conditions of Andalucia in 2010. 19% of Andalucian olive groves are cultivated under Integrated Production conditions. Cotton represents12% of the area cultivated under Integrated Production conditions. 76% of the cotton cultivated in Andalucia in 2010 was grown under Integrated Production conditions. Rice represents 9% of the area cultivated under Integrated Production conditions. 95% of rice grown in Andalucia in 2009 was grown under Integrated Production conditions. Source: Spanish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural and Marine Areas. Survey on Integrated Production in the different Spanish Regions. January 2011 67% of strawberries grown in Andalucia in 2010 were grown under Integrated Production conditions Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The most important sub-sectors Olives and Olive oil Andalucia: world leader 1.5 million hectares 976,832 tons of Olive oil (average 2006-09) • 87% of Spanish production • 48% of EU 27 production • 36% of world production 300 towns 30% agricultural employment 973 industries Exports leading product High Quality Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The most important sub-sectors Fruits and Vegetables 24% of the Spanish area and 4% of the European Union area Annual production 2009: 7,243 million tons • around 53 % of the value of the Spanish production Area 2009: 225,353 ha. (except 194,801 ha. of almond trees) Value of the production (2009): 4,577 million €, what represents a decrease of 13% compared to the value of the production of the previous year 21,205 ha 287 M€ 27,558 ha 577 M€ 4,056 ha 156 M€ 43,604 ha 619 M€ 30,579 ha 369 M€ 27,092 ha 510 M€ 58,254 ha 1.718 M€ Almeria, leader by value and production 13,005 ha 341 M€ Source: Areas and productions summary of the Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, 2009 Agricultural economic indicators. Andalucia, 2009 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The most important sub-sectors Fruits and Vegetables ⇒ Great diversity of productions: ⇒ Outdoors: Citrus, Fruits, Tropical fruits, Vegetables... ⇒ In Greenhouses: Vegetables and Strawberries (in Almeria and Huelva) ⇒ Andalucia is the main area that supplies fruits and vegetables to the EU. 1,603,150 tons and 1,733 million euros1 ⇒ High value of the exports of products grown in greenhouses2: : ⇒ Tomato 2011: 294 M€, 24% less than in 2010 ⇒ Pepper 2011: 307 M€, 4% less than in 2010 ⇒ Cucumber 2011: 150 M€, 41% less than in 2010 ⇒ Strawberry 2011: 321 M€, 1.1% more than in 2010 (1) (2) Source: DataComex. Exports Andalucia-EU-27. Chapter 7 and 8. Data 2011 Source: DataComex. Exports Andalucia-EU-27. Data 2011 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The most important sub-sectors Fruits and vegetables Number of OFVP* per province Producers per province Almería 43% 25 Cádiz 3% 5 42 15 Córdoba 7% 14 Sevilla 11% 2 Granada 18% 3 Málaga 9% 106 OFVP OFVP’s legal form OFVP sectors Agricultural processing com pany 51% Lim ited com pany 1% * Organization of Fruits and Vegetables Producers Fruits and vegetables 58% Nuts 6% Citrus 9% Limited com pany 1% Civil Labor com pany 1% Huelva 9% Vegetables 2% Andalucian cooperative society 46% Products for processing 2% Fruits 23% Source: Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. Data 01/04/2011 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The importance of irrigation in Andalucia Cultivated area Crops production Usable agricultural area 3,183,567 hectares 8,296 mill € 4,402,760 hectares 24% 32% 24% 68% 76% 76% Final agricultural production Employment CAP aid 10,139 mill € 304,245,000 AWU 1,684 mill € 13% 5% 23% 13% 24% 40% 64% Dry farming 55% 63% Irrigation farming Animal husbandry Source: Report on Andalucian irrigated areas for 2015. Data from the Inventory of irrigated areas of Andalucia 2008 and Yearbook of Agricultural and Fisheries Statistics 2004-2008. Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. Agricultural census 2009, Spanish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural and Marine areas Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The current situation of Fisheries in Andalucia 25 computerized fish markets 5 centers of research and training 94 aquaculture businesses 40,000 jobs 32 ports 180 fish processing companies registered 1,982 fishing vessels Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector Evolution % of the agri-food sector GVA compared to some EU27 countries 20% 19% 18% 19.3% 18.6% 17.4% 17% 16% 16.1% 15.0% 15% 14% 14.5% 13% 12% 11% 10% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Spain 2005 Italy 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 France Source: EUROSTAT The Spanish agri-food sector has increased its participation in the Gross Value Added contributed by the EU-27 agri-food sector during the period 2000-2010, although it showed some fluctuations The Spanish agri-food industry is the third leading industry by importance in the EU-27, being France and Italy the leading countries Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector Concerning Exports Incomes, the agri-food sector is the second industrial leading sector in Andalucia. The leading industrial sector is the oil, energy and water extractive sector The Andalucian agri-food industry is the second leading sector, being the Catalonian the leading one. However, the Andalucian agri-food industry has a greater potential due to its outstanding primary sector Agri-food Incomes per Region 2009 Castilla la Mancha 7% Two activities account for 42% of the net sales: Castilla y León 9% • Oil and fat industry (29.3%) • Meat processing industry (12.5%) Com unidad Valenciana Galicia 8% 7% Madrid 5% Murcia 5% Catalonia 24% Rest 20% Andalucia 15% Source: Spanish Institute of Statistics Great modernization effort during this decade: • Investment of 2,225 million € in innovation (33% of the Andalucian industry sector expenditure) • Increase of 59% of the value of its trade balance in the period 2000-2010 Farm’s average size by total area (hectares) 60 50 Farm's average area (hectares) The average farm size, both by total area and by usable agricultural area, in western provinces is larger than in eastern provinces 40 30 20 10 14.3 51.9 27.7 18.2 44.8 12.4 13.9 37.6 22.3 Jaén Málaga Sevilla Andalucía 0 Alm ería Cádiz Córdoba Granada Huelva Cádiz has less farms. However, Jaén is the province which has more farms Huelva 5% Jaén 27% Granada 17% Málaga 11% Córdoba 15% Cádiz 4% Almería 9% Sevilla 12% Farm’s average size by usable agricultural area (hectares) 45 Farm's average size by usable agricultural area (hectares) Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Farms characterization 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 10.2 22.8 15.0 Córdoba Granada 26.3 10.6 32.4 17.9 Sevilla Andalucía 11.6 0 Alm ería Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics. Agricultural Census 2009 40.8 Cádiz Huelva Jaén Málaga Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia In Andalucia, the agri-food industry is the first industrial sector. Concerning the value of the marketed production, it is growing progressively at an average rate of 13.7% every year (2003-2005), what represents more than the double of the Spanish agri-food sector (6.2%). Since 2006, the inter-annual growth significantly decreased to values around 4.5%. In 2008, the growth hardly reached 0.8% compared to 2007. In 2009, the value of the agri-food production decreased at national and Andalucian level for the first time, however, the importance of the value of the agri-food production compared to the total industry sector, significantly increased Andalucia Spain Im portance of Im portance in the Andalucian the total agri-food sector Spanish at national level industry (%) sector (%) Value of the agri-food production (thousands €) Im portance in the total Andalucian industry sector (%) Value of the agri-food production (thousands €) 2001 7,718,623 29.5% 54,258,846 18.3% 14.2% 2002 8,398,603 8,732,858 30.2% 14.8% 28.8% 56,774,978 60,139,616 18.1% 2003 18.3% 14.5% 2004 10,305,841 29.9% 65,420,845 15.8% 2005 11,266,645 27.0% 67,750,635 18.5% 17.8% 2006 11,796,462 25.2% 71,147,482 17.6% 16.6% 2007 12,315,522 25.3% 75,877,155 17.1% 16.2% 2008 12,413,456 25.9% 78,961,960 18.3% 15.7% 2009 11,092,008 29.7% 72,985,273 21.7% 15.2% 16.6% Source: Office for Statistics of Andalucia. Products industrial survey. Results of Andalucia The Andalucian agri-food sector has increased its participation in the national sector during the period 2001-2007, since 2008, a slightly decrease was registered However, both in Andalucia and Spain, the agri-food sector is the first Industrial Sector concerning the value of the production marketed Importance of the Andalucian Agri-food sector Evolution of the Andalucian Agri-food incomes 2001-2009 16,000 13,644 14,000 14,267 13,258 13,730 14,723 11,375 12,000 11,295 12,319 10,397 millions € According to the Industrial survey of the Spanish Office for National Statistics, the Andalucian agri-food sector accounts for about 25% of industrial incomes on average in the period 2001-2009 (not including fruits and vegetables handling and marketing industries). These figures show how it surpasses the rest of industries 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 2001 20002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics Evolution of the people employed by the Agri-food sector in Andalucia The Andalucian agri-food sector creates about 20% of industrial jobs in the period 2000-2008 (it gave employment to more than 50,000 people) In 2009, the number of jobs in the Andalucian agri-food sector decreased by 6.7% 60,000 55,000 53,856 53,819 51,748 50,106 51,564 52,516 52,501 52,505 52,904 50,000 48,966 nº people Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Gross Value Added yielded by the Andalucian Agri-food sector 4,000 3,500 3,000 millions € Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia 2,500 2,436 2,536 2002 2003 2,335 2,918 2,948 2005 2006 3,048 3,171 2007 2008 2,686 2,192 2,000 1,500 1,000 In 2008, the Gross Value Added was 3,171 million €, the highest figure of the period studied. This shows an upward trend since 2000, with an increase of 45% in this period. 500 0 2000 2001 2004 Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics. Industrial survey on products. Results of Andalucia Evolution of the agri-food %GVA compared to the GVA of the whole industry 30% 26.6% 27.0% 27.1% 27.1% 26.8% 27.1% 25.7% 25.6% 25.8% 25% However, since 2006, the Andalucian agri-food GVA has lost importance in the total GVA of the Andalucian industry 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Source: Spanish Office for National Statistics. Industrial survey on products. Results of Andalucia 2008 Evolution of the number of agri-food industries in Andalucia 6,000 5,000 number of industries Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia 5,485 4,330 5,485 4,633 4,486 4,374 4,000 3,882 4,083 2006 2007 4,466 4,766 2008 2009 5,107 5,193 2010 2011 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 The number of Andalucian agri-food industries, including those for vegetables handling, slightly decreased between 2004-2006. Since then, an increase can be observed Source: Register of Agri-food industries Distribution per sub-sector of the Andalucian agri-food sector. July 2011 Oils 20% Meat 16% Horticultural centers 14% Wine 11% Rest of industries 26% Fodder 7% Source: Register of Agri-food industries Seasoning 6% Olive oil and meat businesses together with horticultural centers, including those for vegetables handling, predominate, by number, among the Andalucian Agrifood sector. Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia Quality designations EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL 12 PDO+1PGI WINES 6 PDO 2 Quality wines (PDO) 16 wines of the region (PGI) VINEGARS 3 PDO SPIRITS 1 PGI 5 GI HAMS 2 PDO 1 PGI 1 GTE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES OTHER PRODUCTS 3 PDO 4 PGI 2 GTE PDO: Protected Designation of Origin PGI: Protected Geographical Indication GTE: Guaranteed Traditional Specialty GI: Geographical Indication 1 PDO 2 PGI Source: Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia. Quality Designations EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL Source: Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia. Quality Designations WINES Fuente: CAP Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia. Quality Designations VINEGARS Fuente: CAP Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia. Quality Designations HAMS Fuente: CAP Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia. Quality Designations FRUITS AND VEGETABLES Fuente: CAP Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The Agri-food sector in Andalucia. Quality Designations OTHER PRODUCTS Fuente: CAP Evolution of the Agri-food Trade Balance 4,000 3,487 3,500 3,101 3,131 2,442 2,500 2,199 3,270 3,049 3,000 million € Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Agri-food trade balance 2,540 2,491 2,561 3,143 3,076 2,965 2,480 1,988 2,000 2,254 1,940 1,637 1,500 1,432 1,474 1,050 1,000 733 500 137 350 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Andalucia 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Until July 2011 Spain Source: DATACOMEX The Andalucian Agri-food trade balance shows a positive value, higher than the Spanish trade balance in the period 2000-2010. However, the value obtained until July 2011 changes this trend, possibly due to the negative effects produced by the E.Coli food alert in Andalucia In the period 2004-2008 the difference between the Andalucian and Spanish balances was favorable to the Andalucian one. Since 2009 the difference between both balances has decreased progressively Evolution of Andalucian Imports and Exports 7,000 6,063 6,066 6,000 4,809 5,000 5,077 5,030 5,259 5,638 4,813 5,479 4,149 million € Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Agri-food trade balance 4,000 3,669 3,167 2,796 2,697 3,000 2,403 2,489 2,000 1,708 2,028 1,706 1,000 2,673 1,682 1,470 2,576 1,228 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Exports 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Until July 2011 Im ports Source: DATACOMEX In 2008, the maximum in both agricultural exports (6,066 mill €) and imports (2,796 mill €) was reached in Andalucia In 2009, the exports carried out by Andalucia decreased, although they recovered in 2010, reaching 6,063 mill € The imports carried out by Andalucia decreased in 2009 although they rose to 2,576 mill € in 2010 In both cases, exports and imports have followed an upward trend in the period 2000-2010 Figures for 2011 represent the value accumulated until July 2011 Evolution of the Trade Balance. Main agri-food sub-sectors of Andalucia 1,800 1,675 1,600 1,200 1,127 1,242 200 1,452 1,009 621 689 812 1,540 1,710 1,581 1,187 1,043 800 400 1,467 1,356 1,000 600 1,443 1,489 1,400 millones de € Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Agri-food trade balance 829 865 885 598 560 388 367 328 332 319 330 338 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 948 831 827 819 1,106 1,049 928 905 429 444 1,015 915 875 428 961 670 502 397 193 0 Fresh vegetables 2005 2006 Fresh fruits 2007 Oils 2008 2009 2010 Hasta julio 2011 Processed vegetables Fuente: DATACOMEX Fresh vegetables sub-sector has the most favorable trade balance, settled at about 1,500 mill € in the period 2003-2007. In 2010 it registered its maximum at 1,710 mill € The olive oil sub-sector shows fluctuations in the value of its balance through the period. However, it has an upward trend; in 2007 it rose to 1,187 mill € Fresh fruits trade balance has risen by 55% in the period 2000-2010, reaching its maximum in 2010 at 961 mill € Processed vegetables trade balance has grown by 53% in the period 2000-2010, registering its highest value in 2010 at 502 mill € Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Agri-food trade balance Agri-food exports Andalucia is a net exporting region of agri-food products The Andalucian Agri-food balance is always positive The Andalucian Agri-food balance has increased by 59% in the period 2000-2010, reaching 3,487 million € in 2010 Olive oil is the agri-food product that stands out in Andalucian trading relations. It had a trade balance of 1,203 million € in 2010 Exports 2010 6,063 M€ Most important products: Olive Oil Fruits and vegetables Olives Source: DATACOMEX Imports 2010 2,576 M€ Most important products: Fish and sea food Tobacco Fodder Flour Beverages Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Agri-food trade balance Agri-food exports The EU is the main destination of Andalucian exports and the main supplier of agri-food imports carried out by Andalucia. Andalucian exports to the EU: Germany (14.6%) Italy (13.8%) France (13.4%) Portugal (10.1%) United Kingdom (9.2%) The Netherlands (7.1%) The EU is also the main agri-food supplier of Andalucia: United Kingdom (10.0%) Portugal (7,8%) The Netherlands (7.3%) France (7.1%) Germany (5.0%) USA (5.8%), Japan (1.1%), Russia (1.0%) and China (0.9%) are important destinations for Andalucian exports outside the EU. Important imports from Argentina (10.2%), Morocco (7.2%) and Brazil (6.5%) Source: Data 2010 (provisional). DATACOMEX. 07282011 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) Aid The Andalucian public administration has paid annual payments over 1,600 mill € as CAP Aid in the period 20002010. In 2009, the highest value was registered at 1,862 mill € EAGF Financial years Paym ents (m illions €) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Accum ulate d January May 2011 1,598 1,614 1,697 1,742 1,710 1,817 1,806 1,676 1,689 1,862 1,685 1,526 Source: Spanish Agricultural Guarantee Fund Distribution of support. EAGF financial year 2011 (accumulated until May 2011) 90% Since the Single payment scheme came into force, the most important sum of aid is addressed to farmers, decoupled to the productive activity. Due to this, it is not possible to know to what sector this aid is addressed 2% 5% 2% Single paym ent Arable crops Sugar and isoglucose Cotton Olive oil Beef Fruits and vegetables Sheep and goat Others Source: Spanish Agricultural Guarantee Fund Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca EAFRD support Distribution of the support. EAFRD financial year 2010 (accumulated until October 2010) Axis 1: Farm s Axis 1: Im provem ent of m odernization the gross value added of Axis 1: Young farm ers 8% agricultural and forest settlem ent products 7% Axis 1: Others 4% Axis 5: Technical 2% Axis 1: Infraestructures assistance 10% 1% Axis 4: TOTAL 2% Axis 2: Others 11% Axis 2: Forestation and reforestation 14% Total: 240.91 M€ Axis 2: Agrienvironm ental support 41% Source: Spanish Agricultural Guarantee Fund In the EAFRD financial year 2010, 240.91 million Euro were allocated Axis 2: Improving the Environment and Diversification of the Rural Economy, represents 66% of the amount allocated in this financial year. Among this axis, it is necessary to highlight the Environmental Support which represents 41% of the total EAFRD amount for 2010 Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The natural resources of Andalucia 2,590,008.9 hectares of the Andalucian area are included in the Natura 2000 Network (about 30% of the total of the European Union area) The Andalucian area included in the Natura 2000 Network is selected from the Network of Protected areas of Andalucia, made up of 150 Protected Areas with an area of 1,694,849 hectares Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The natural resources of Andalucia • The Andalucian forest areas occupy 4.8 million hectares (55% of the total area of Andalucia) 54.1% are grove areas (among them, 70.7% are leafy, where oaks and cork oaks stand out), •31.9% are bush areas, •14% are herbs and other forest areas •About 1.2 million hectares of these forest areas are also used for extensive agriculture purposes (dehesas) •These forest areas capture, very year, more than 2.1 million tons of carbon. To this capture, the capture of agricultural crops (permanent woody crops), estimated on average at 0.42 tons per hectare and year, can be added Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca The natural resources of Andalucia • Only 16% of the total Andalucian forest groves are damaged (with defoliation over 25%). These damages are greater in leafy areas (where the percentage of damaged trees rise to 21%) than in conifer areas (just 5% of damaged trees) • The Andalucian flora has more than 4,000 taxons, 60% of the Iberian flora. Among them, 484 taxons are Andalucian endemic and 466 are Iberian endemic or beticus-Mauritanian • The storage capacity of the water resources of Andalucia is over 10,000 hm3. The available resources are about 5,500 hm3 • Andalucia experiences an average annual soil loss of 5.5 tons per hectare. In the past 10 years, the areas with greater losses (more than 100 tons/hectare/year) have been reduced by more than 50% The Agriculture and Fisheries sector in Andalucia Secretaría General del Medio Rural y la Producción Ecológica Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca
