PAEP conditionals 3 - Universidad TecVirtual

Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP
(Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado)
Universidad Virtual
English
Conditionals
• The conditional clauses hypothesize
about situations that could come true
or that could express regret.
• There are four types of conditional
sentences. Two of them are real or
possible; and two types are unreal or
impossible.
• Any of the four types of conditional
sentences are made up of an independent
clause and a dependent clause.
• The dependent clause is the one that carries
the condition, and it is usually introduced
with the conjunction if.
Example:
• If it were rainy, you would need an umbrella.
D.R. Universidad Virtual del Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2007
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Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP
(Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado)
Universidad Virtual
Use a comma between the dependent
clause and the independent clause if the
dependent clause starts the sentence.
• If he is late, the teacher won’t let him in.
Don’t use a comma if the sentence starts
with the independent clause.
• The teacher won’t let him in if he is late.
Real
First
Conditional
Conditional
Zero
Second
Conditional
Third
Conditional
Unreal
• Click on any of the conditionals to find
more information.
• Click on the bow to end the program.
Conditional zero
• It refers to a condition and its
consequence as a natural course
of action.
Example:
• If you heat water, it boils.
• Water boils if you heat it.
D.R. Universidad Virtual del Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2007
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Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP
(Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado)
Universidad Virtual
First conditional
• It refers to two actions happening in the
future; the second as a result of the first.
Example:
• If you go to the party, you’ll have fun.
• If Louise gets store credit, she’ll buy a
flat screen TV set.
First conditional
• Structure:
If + subj + present tense + … , subj + future + …
If he calls me, I will tell him about the
conference.
Or
Subj + future + … if + subj + present tense + … .
I will tell him about the conference if he calls me,
Second conditional
This kind is one of the unreal conditions.
The facts are the opposite from the
hypothetical situation.
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Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP
(Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado)
Universidad Virtual
• Look at the facts:
• Janet is a secretary. She works in an
office. However, Janet would like to be
a model.
• This is the hypothetical situation:
• If Janet became a fashion model, she
would work for important designers.
Structure
• The “if” clause will always take the past
tense and the other clause will take would
+ base form of the verb.
If + subj + past tense + … , subj + would + base form +
….
If Janet became a fashion model, she would work for
important designers.
subj + would + base form + … If + subj + past tense +
….
If Janet became a fashion model, she would work for
important designers.
• In the second conditional, when the “if”
clause has the verb to be, “were” should
be used regardless of the person.
If I were a chef, I would love to work at the
Four Seasons.
He wouldn’t call home so often if he
weren’t homesick.
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Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP
(Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado)
Universidad Virtual
Third conditional
• It refers to a hypothetical situation in the
past, which cannot be changed.
• Look at the facts:
• Henry didn’t go to Paris. Thus, he didn’t have
the chance to visit the Louvre Museum.
So, in order to express how things could have
happened differently, use the third
conditional:
• If Henry had gone to Paris, he would have
had the chance to visit the Louvre Museum.
Third conditional
• To express hypothetical situations about
the past use the following structures:
• If she had bought the dress, she would
have worn it to the party.
If + Subj + past perfect + … , Subj+ would + present perfect + …
Or
• She would have worn the dress to the
party if she had bought it.
•
Subj+ would + present perfect + … If + Subj + past perfect + …
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