Joaquin Turina`s Settings of Gustavo Adolfo Becquer`s Rimas

Anuncio
University of Miami
Scholarly Repository
Open Access Dissertations
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
2014-04-24
Andalusian Souls: Joaquin Turina's Settings of
Gustavo Adolfo Becquer's Rimas
Fernando Landeros
University of Miami, [email protected]
Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations
Recommended Citation
Landeros, Fernando, "Andalusian Souls: Joaquin Turina's Settings of Gustavo Adolfo Becquer's Rimas" (2014). Open Access
Dissertations. Paper 1171.
This Open access is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at Scholarly Repository. It has been accepted for
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[email protected].
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Besa el aura que gime blandamente las leves ondas que jugando riza; el sol besa a la nube en occidente y de púrpura la matiza;
la llama en derredor del tronco ardiente
por besar a otra llama se desliza; y hasta el sauce, inclinándose a su peso,
al río que le besa vuelve un beso. ;,
Yo soy ardiente, yo soy morena,
yo soy el símbolo de la pasión;
de ansia de goces mi alma está llena.
¿A mí me buscas? - No; no es a ti. Mi frente es pálida, mis trenzas de oro;
puedo brindarte dichas sin fin.
Yo de ternura guardo un tesoro.
¿A mí me llamas? - No; no es a ti. Yo soy un sueño, un imposible,
vano fantasma de niebla y luz;
soy incorpórea, soy intangible
no puedo amarte. - ¡Oh, ven; ven tú!
;,,,
Tu pupila es azul, y cuando ríes,
su claridad suave me recuerda
el trémulo fulgor de la mañana,
que en el mar se refleja.
Tu pupila es azul, y cuando lloras, las transparentes lágrimas en ella se me figuran gotas de rocío sobre la violeta.
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Tu pupila es azul, y si en su fondo como un punto de luz radia una idea, me parece en el cielo de la tarde
una perdida estrella. ;,9
Te vi un punto, y flotando ante mis ojos
la imagen de tus ojos se quedó,
como la mancha oscura orlada en fuego
que flota y ciega si se mira al sol.
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Y dondequiera que la vista clavo, $QGDQ\ZKHUH,VHWP\VLJKW
torno a ver sus pupilas llamear;
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mas no te encuentro a ti; que es tu mirada: EXW,FDQQRWILQG\RXZKDW\RXUJD]HLV
unos ojos, los tuyos, nada más.
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desasidos fantásticos lucir. IUHHDQGORRNLQJIDQWDVWLF
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de par en par abiertos sobre mí.
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llevan al caminante a perecer;
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yo me siento arrastrado por tus ojos, ,IHHOGUDJJHGDORQJE\\RXUH\HV
pero adónde me arrastran no lo sé. EXWZKHUHWR,GRQ¶WNQRZ
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Olas gigantes que os rompéis bramando
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en las playas desiertas y remotas
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envuelto entre la sábana de espumas,
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llevadme con vosotras!
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Ráfagas de huracán que arrebatáis %ODVWVRIWKHKXUULFDQHWKDWWHDU
del alto bosque las marchitas hojas, IURPWKHWDOOZRRGVWKHZLWKHUHGOHDYHV
arrastrado en el ciego torbellino, GUDJJHGDURXQGE\WKHEOLQGZKLUOZLQG
¡llevadme con vosotras!
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Nubes de tempestad que rompe el rayo
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y en fuego ornáis las desprendidas orlas, DQGZLWKILUH\RXGHFRUDWHWKHWULPPLQJV
arrebatado entre la niebla oscura, VQDWFKHGE\GDUNPLVW
¡llevadme con vosotras!
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Llevadme por piedad adonde el vértigo
con la razón me arranque la memoria.
¡Por piedad! ¡Tengo miedo de quedarme
con mi dolor a solas! 7UDQVODWLRQ‹)HUQDQGR/DQGHURV
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%HQDYHQWH-RVp0DUtDAproximación al lenguaje musical de J. Turina0DGULG(GLWRULDO
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%URZQ5LFDBécquer%DUFHORQD(GLWRULDO$HGRV
&DVDUHV 5RGLFLR (PLOLR Diccionario de la música española e hispanoamericana
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&KDVH*LOEHUWThe Music of Spain1HZ<RUN'RYHU
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)HUQiQGH]&LG $QWRQLR La música y los músicos de España en el siglo XX. 0DGULG
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,JOHVLDV$QWRQLREscritos de Joaquín Turina0DGULG(GLWRULDO$OSXHUWR
0DUFR7RPiVSpanish Music in the Twentieth Century&DPEULGJH+DUYDUG8QLYHUVLW\
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0RUiQ $OIUHGR Joaquín Turina a través de sus escritos 0DGULG $OLDQ]D (GLWRULDO
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7XULQD -RDTXtQ Grabaciones históricas 'RFXPHQWRV 6RQRURV GHO 3DWULPRQLR 0XVLFDO
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7XULQD-RDTXtQTres arias para canto y piano0DGULG8QLyQ0XVLFDO(GLFLRQHV
7XULQD -RDTXtQ Tres poemas para canto y piano 0DGULG 8QLyQ 0XVLFDO (VSDxROD
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