Unit 9

Unit 9
Present perfect (affirmative and negative)
Affirmative
Negative
full forms
short forms
short forms
I
have finished
you
I
’ve finished
you
I
haven’t arrived
you
he
she
it
he
she
it
he
she
it
has finished
we
you have finished
they
’s finished
we
you ’ve finished
they
Look. We’ve finished our homework.
John has walked twenty kilometres!
hasn’t arrived
we
you haven’t arrived
they
Wait. My mum hasn’t arrived!
Ros and Alan haven’t done their homework.
Kim and Dave have eaten all the pizza!
I’ve bought a new CD.
En las oraciones negativas suelen utilizarse las
formas breves.
Spelling rules: past participles
Most verbs
watch ➔ watched
Verbs with -e
invite ➔ invited
Most verbs with -y
study ➔ studied
Most verbs with one vowel + one consonant
stop ➔ stopped
El past simple y el past participle de los verbos regulares son siempre iguales.
Generalmente, el past participle de los verbos irregulares es diferente del past
simple.
Aprende bien las formas principales de los verbos irregulares.
Present perfect (interrogative)
Interrogative
Have
won?
affirmative
Yes,
I
have.
negative
No,
I
haven’t.
you
you
he
she won?
it
Yes,
he
she has.
it
he
No, she hasn’t.
it
we
Have you won?
they
Yes,
we
you have.
they
we
No, you haven’t.
they
Has
13
I
Short answers
you
‘Have they won the match?’
‘Yes, they have.’
‘Has Tony tidied his room?’
‘No, he hasn’t.’
En las respuestas breves
afirmativas siempre se utilizan
las formas completas.
En las respuestas breves
negativas generalmente se
utilizan las formas contraídas.
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