Semana 12 - Radio Fe y Alegría Noticias
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Semana 12 Semana 12 Let’s talk ... Let´s read… Likenesses and about differences Likenesses and Differences Esta semana, se enfoca en la lectura y comprensión de textos en inglés. Conoceremos un nuevo patrón de organización en el texto. También, enlazaremos con la semana 10 de Sociedad y Cultura: “De la dictadura a la democracia en Venezuela”, donde vamos a encontrar similitudes y diferencias entre ambos regímenes políticos. ¿Recuerdas el contenido visto en la semana 3 del 3er semestre? Estudiaste comparaciones y conociste algunos adjetivos (cortos, largos e irregulares). ¿Recuerdas la pregunta que formulas en inglés cuando quieres saber las características de una persona o de un lugar? Si tienes dudas, haz un repaso. Observa las tablas 17 y 18 y lee las similitudes y diferencias que se establecen entre las dos opciones. Tabla 17 Compare apples and oranges How are they alike? (similar) How are they different? Both are kinds of fruits They are different colors Both are round Also, they taste different Both are round Oranges grow in warm places but apples grow in cool places Color vs Colour: la primera forma es la escritura de esta palabra en inglés americano; la segunda forma es del inglés británico. 142 Let´s read… Likenesses and differences Semana 12 Tabla 18 Compare Venezuela and Colombia How are they alike? How are they different? Both are american countries Colombia has land on the Pacific Both are american countries Venezuela has land on the Atlantic Both were once part of the Spanish Colony Also, Colombia has more people than Venezuela Fíjate en las palabras escritas en negrita en las tablas 17 y 18 y anótalas. Ahora, llena la tabla 19, con similitudes y diferencias entre gatos y perros. Utiliza la siguiente información: Similarities: domestics animals, hairy animals, four legs. Differences: personalities, interaction with people, cats are more independent. Tabla19 Compare cats and dogs. Are they alike? Are they different? How are they alike? How are they different? Both Both Both 143 Semana 12 Let´s read… Likenesses and differences Lee el siguiente párrafo y subraya las palabras que estaban en negritas en las tablas 17 y 18. Lemons and limes are alike; they are similar kinds of fruit. Both are grown in warm places. Both have hard skins and soft insides. Both of these fruits have a sour taste. Also, both fruits have a lot of vitamin C in them. These fruits have many similarities, but they are quite different. First of all, the color is different. Lemons are yellow and limes are green. Lemons are grown all over the world but limes are grown in only a few places. This is because lemons are an old kind of fruit, but limes are new. So, lemons are more common than limes. Anota las palabras que muestran similitud: Anota las palabras que muestran diferencia: Como has observado, en este párrafo se establecen diferencias y similitudes entre dos elementos. ¿Cómo llamarías a este tipo de texto? a) Texto narrativo b) Texto comparativo c) Texto descriptivo d) Texto de causa - efecto Fíjate que el patrón de organización en este tipo de texto muestra cómo dos o más cosas son parecidas o diferentes. Señala similitudes y diferencias entre dos o más elementos. Se llama Patrón de comparación. Tabla 20 Palabras señal para el patrón de comparación Words that show similarities Words that show differences Alike Different Similar Unlike Same More than Also Less than Both But Also (and also) However Recuerda que en la semana 14 del 2do semestre tienes una tabla con los diferentes conectores que te ayudan a unir dos o más ideas. Las palabras que estamos usando son conectores de adición y de contraste. 144 Let´s read… Likenesses and differences Semana 12 Let´s know a little bit more Para conocer un poco más, la tabla 21 te ofrece información extra acerca de las palabras señal que usamos para comparar, y a su lado tienes un ejemplo. Tabla 21 Conectores de comparación Connectors Examples and...too High level positions are stressful, and can be harmful to your health too. just as Just as high level positions are stressful, they can be harmful to your health similarly, in comparison High level positions are stressful at times; similarly, they can be harmful to your health. like, similar to Similar to other important professions, high level business positions are stressful at times. but High level positions are stressful at times, but the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed. whereas, while While high level positions are stressful at times, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed. in contrast, on the other hand High level positions are stressful at times; on the other hand, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed unlike Unlike the undesirable stress of high level positions, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed. 1. Lee el párrafo y subraya las palabras señal (conectores). Responde la pregunta al final del párrafo. Luego, escribe la idea principal, las diferencias y las similitudes. Peter and Joe are roommates in Chicago. They both like to cook good meals and have dinner parties, but they have different ideas about what to cook. Peter wants to cook simple food. His favourite foods are steak, potatoes, and apple pie. But Joe prefers special dishes from far-away places. He likes to cook indian curries and to prepare Japanese sushi. No matter who´s cooking, dinner in Peter and Joe´s appartment is always delicious. 145 Semana 12 Let´s read… Likenesses and differences What is the paragraph comparing? (¿qué está comparando el párrafo?) (Responde en español) Compara los gustos de Peter y Joe Main Idea: Differences: Similarities: 2. Escribe oraciones mostrando diferencias entre las noticias de TV y las noticias de la prensa, usando los conectores y la información dada: Tabla 22 TV NEWS compared with THE DAILY NEWSPAPER Sound Unlike No sound More pictures More than Less than Fewer pictures Less information More than Less than More information Needs electricity But, While Can be read anywhere La palabra news es singular, aunque no lo parezca porque termina en s. Por eso decimos news is, o news has. La palabra news no tiene plural. 3. Usa estas palabras señal para conectar las siguientes oraciones: similar- bothalike- different- more… than - The food in India is - to the food in China Indian and Chinese food can be spicy. - Their foods are also because they both use many vegetables. - Both countries include many kinds of cooking. - Indians use curry in their food 146 Chinese. Let´s read… Likenesses and differences Semana 12 Democracy and Dictatorship Mayan, Gabriel (2010) Democracy and Dictatorship are not the same kind of regimes. Dictatorship is a form of government that has the power to govern without consent of those being governed; while totalitarianism describes a state that regulates nearly every aspect of public and private behavior of the people. In other words, dictatorship concerns the source of the governing power and totalitarianism concerns the scope of the governing power. In this sense, dictatorship (government without people’s consent) is a contrast to democracy (government whose power comes from people) and totalitarianism (government controls every aspect of people’s life), and it also opposes pluralism (government allows multiple lifestyles and opinions). The key difference between a democracy and a dictatorship is choice or self indulgence. Unlike democracy, a dictator has absolute rule over the nation state. In contrast, the laws that govern the rights of the people, the economy and private property are free choice in a democracy. With the option to choose, democracy offers more personal liberties than dictatorship. However, it is not necessarily the ideal environment. People complain about poverty and the unbalanced distribution of wealth in a democracy. 1. Vuelve a la lectura anterior y subraya las palabras señal del texto comparativo. Luego escribe 4 oraciones haciendo comparaciones entre la democracia y la dictadura. 2. El siguiente texto trata de las discriminaciones por motivo de raza. Varias palabras has sido removidas, y se te propone que escojas entre 3 posibilidades para cada una de esas palabras que completarán el texto. Encierra en un círculo la opción correcta y luego completa el texto. What is apartheid? It is the policy of keeping Africans (1)inferior, and separate them from Europeans. They are to be kept separate by not being (2) allowed to live as citizens with rights in (3) European towns. They (4) can go to European towns to (5) work, but they may not have their families (6) there; they must live in “Bantustans”, the (7) native areas. They are not allowed to (8) mix with Europeans by sitting in the (9) same cafés, waiting rooms, compartments of trains, seats in parks. (10) Both Europeans and Africans have (11) different liberties. Africans are three quarters of the people in the country; so, they have (12) more people than the Europeans. However, Europeans enjoy eighty eight per cent of the land, (13) while africans only get the twelve per cent. 147 Semana 12 Let´s read… Likenesses and differences (1) superior inferior equal (2) obligued allowed encouraged (3) British African European (4) cannot should can (5) work play live (6) here at home there (7) native European white (8) mix play drink (9) same other here (10) two both they (11) similar different same (12) less more many (13) after other while 3. Usando la información que aparece en la tabla 23, escribe un breve texto acerca de las diferencias que hay entre el totalitarismo político y el pluralismo. Usa las palabras señal o conectores que estudiamos esta semana. Tabla 23 148 Totalitarianism Pluralism A single party that controls the state Certain groups may share power Citizens have no significant share in state decision-making People are powerful because they control various resources Propaganda is disseminated through the state-controlled mass media Mass media is free Politicians are powerful Politicians are powerful Use of mass surveillance Mass surveillance is illegal Use of state terrorism Against state terrorism
