nomination from ecuador memory of the world

NOMINATION FROM ECUADOR
MEMORY OF THE WORLD REGISTER
UNESCO
Scientific Memory of Andean America: scientific expeditions and
research in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries.
Quito-2002
MEMORY OF THE WORLD REGISTER
NOMINATION FORM
PART A – ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
1.
SUMMARY
Documentary heritage comprising more than ten thousand manuscripts, graphic
testimony and printed material dating from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries,
relating to research work by European and American scientists in the territories of
present-day Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, either privately or under the auspices
and sponsorship of the Spanish or French Crown. This work led to great advances in
scientific knowledge, particularly in the fields of astronomy, geography, physics,
botany, medicine and zoology. It made a significant contribution to promoting Andean
culture, through detailed descriptions, engravings, watercolours and photographs of
Andean sociocultural events. Part of this documentation constitutes a unique record of
landscapes, customs and archaeological evidence that have suffered alterations, and in
some cases disappeared, owing to the workings of nature or human activity.
This documentary heritage on the scientific memory of Andean America is distributed
among fourteen archives and libraries in the subregion and three in Spain.
2.
DETAILS OF THE NOMINATOR
2.1.
Name (of the person or organization)
Dirección de Memoria Institucional y Mapoteca del Ministerio de Relaciones
Exteriores del Ecuador [Department of Institutional Memory and Map Library of
Ecuador’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs]
(Archivo Histórico y Biblioteca Central) [Historical Archive and Central
Library]
2.2.
Relationship to the documentary heritage being nominated.
Between 1999 and 2002, the Archivo Histórico [Historical Archives] of the Ministerio
de Relaciones Exteriores del Ecuador [Ecuadorian Ministry of Foreign Affairs] carried
out historical research work for two projects describing Ecuador’s historic and
diplomatic relations with France and Spain. This nomination is the result of
investigations by researchers from this region in national and foreign archives, which
has led to the recovery and assessment of scientific contributions that began within the
arena of the Real Audiencia de Quito [Royal Law Court of Quito] in the eighteenth
century and continued until the nineteenth, ending the age-old debate on the shape of
Earth. This brought substantial benefits to humanity, including the discovery of
cascarilla or cinchona, the most important medicinal plant in the region, which was
used to cure or treat malaria and tertian fever.
Meanwhile, in 2000, the year in which the Director of the Archivo Histórico was
appointed President of the Regional Committee for Latin America and the Caribbean
2
under UNESCO’s Memory of the World Programme, the Archivo Histórico learned that
it was possible to submit a regional nomination to include the countries of the Andean
subregion (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru), which could be endorsed by the
National Memory of the World Committee for Ecuador.
2.3.
Contact person(s):
María Elena Porras Paredes
President of the National Memory of the World Committee
for Ecuador
Member of the Regional Memory of the World Committee for Latin America
and the Caribbean.
2.4.
Contact details (include address, phone, fax, email)
Directora de Memoria Institucional y Mapoteca
Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores del Ecuador
Address: Av. 10 de Agosto 11-83 y Carrión
Telephone: (005932) 2509-996
Fax: (005932) 2227650
Emails: [email protected] / [email protected]
3.
IDENTITY
HERITAGE
3.1.
Name and identification of the items being nominated.
AND
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
DOCUMENTARY
Scientific Memory of Andean America: scientific expeditions and research in Bolivia,
Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
3
3.2. DESCRIPTION
• Inventory
Collection
BOLIVIA
Archivo
Bibliotecas
Nacionales
[National
Archive
Library]
/
Title
Author
y Catálogo de especies e individuos de los Alcides
reinos animal, vegetal y mineral de Dessalines
Bolivia [Catalogue of species and D’Orbigny
individuals in the animal, plant and
and mineral kingdoms of Bolivia]
Date
1833
Quantity
1 doc.
Folios Size
cm.
24
21 x 28
Type
Manusc.
Significance
Category
Unique
Zoology,
Botany
Mineralogy.
(ABN/B)
(ABN/B)
4
(ABN/B)
State of
Preserv.
Good
Collection
/
BOLIVIA
Biblioteca
y
Archivo
Histórico del H.
Congreso
[Library
and
Archive of the
Honourable
Congress
of
Bolivia]
Title
Voyage dans l´Amérique Méridionale (Le Alcide
Brésil, La République l´Uruguay, D’Orbigny
Argentine, la Patagonie, Chili, la
République de Bolivia, la République du
Pérou). Exécuté pendant le années 1826,
1827, 1828, 1830, 1831, 1832 et 1833
[Journey to South America (Brazil,
Republic
of
Uruguay,
Argentina,
Patagonia, Chile, Republic of Bolivia and
Republic of Peru) in 1826, 1827, 1828,
1830, 1831, 1832 and 1833]
Vue du port de Cobija
5
Author
République de Bolivia (BAC/B)
Date
18351847
Quantity
10
volumes
Folios Size
cm.
36 x 27
Type
Significance
Category
Printed
document
Editio
princeps
History,
Geography,
Paleontology,
Zoology,
Botany and
Cartography
State of
Preserv.
Good
Indiens et metis de la Nation Aimara, de La Paz (BAC/B)
Collection
/
COLOMBIA
Biblioteca
Nacional
de
Colombia
[National Library
of
Colombia]
[BN/C]
Watercolours by the Bishop of Trujillo, Baltazar
Jaime C18
Baltazar Jaime Martínez Compañón.
Martínez
(See Appendix 1, Indice de láminas Compañón
[Index of plates] sent by BN/C)
Archivo General
de la Nación
[General Archive
of the Nation]
6
Title
Author
Date
Quantity
127
Folios Size
cm.
127
23 x 16
30 x 43
23 x 30
Type
Watercolours
Significance
Category
Unique
Maps Plans
Portraits
State of
Preserv.
Low
degree of
deterioration.
(Microfilm)
Watercolours by the Chorographic Various
Committee led by Agustín Codazzi. (See
Appendix 2, Láminas de la Comisión
Corográfica [Plates of the Chorographic
Committee] sent by BN/C)
18501859
152
152
Descripción de Aves y Cuadrúpedos para José
Celestino 1785la Expedición Botánica de Nueva Mutis y Diego 1786
Granada [Description of birds and García
quadrupeds for the botanic expedition to
New Granada].
1
27
Experimentación del vegetal llamado José
“guaco” como antiofídico [Testing of the Mutis
plant “guaco” as an antiophidic].
1
3
Celestino 1792
Watercolours
Unique
Geography
Good
30.5 x 22
Manusc.
Unique
Zoology
29.8x 19.5
Manusc.
Unique
Medicine
Much
damaged
by
humidity.
One third
of the text
has been
lost.
Humidity
damage.
The full
text has
been
preserved.
Jaime Martínez Compañón, Carta topográfica del Obispado de Popayán (BN/C)
Comisión Corográfica, Entrada de Bogotá por San Victorino (BN/C)
7
Collection
ECUADOR
/
Archivo Histórico
y
Biblioteca
Central
Ministerio
de
RR.EE.
[Historical
Archive
and
Central
Library
of the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs]
8
Title
Author
Relación Histórica del viaje a la América Jorge Juan y
Meridional. Hecho por orden de S.M. para Antonio de Ulloa
medir algunos grados del meridiano
terrestre y venir por ellos en conocimiento
de la verdadera figura y magnitud de la
Tierra,
con
otras
observaciones
astronómicas y phisicas [Historic account
of the journey to South America by order
of His Majesty to measure some angles of
the Earth’s meridians and use them to
ascertain the true shape and magnitude of
the Earth, together with other astronomical
and physical observations]. Antonio
Marín, Madrid.
Diseño que manifiesta el territorio de la Anonymous
Provincia de Jaén de Bracamoros, su
ciudad y pueblos que encierra [Plan
showing the territory of the Province of
Jaen de Bracamoros, its town and the
surrounding villages]
Date
Quantity
Folios
1748
4 volumes
193
each
C18
1
1
Size
cm.
27 x 20
26 x 41
Type
Significance
Category
Printed
document
First Edition
History
Manusc.
Unique
Cartography
State of
Preserv.
Good
Good
Jorge Juan y Antonio de Ulloa,
Relación Histórica del viaje a la
América Meridional. (BC/MRE)
Collection
ECUADOR
/
Archivo
Histórico
Banco
Central
[Historical
Archive of the
Central Bank]
9
Diseño que manifiesta el territorio de la
Provincia de Jaén de Bracamoros, su
ciudad y pueblos que encierra. (BC/MRE)
Jorge Juan y Antonio de Ulloa, “ Las castas de Quito”,
Relación Histórica, ob. cit. (BC/MRE)
Title
[Estudio Botánico: hace una clasificación
botánica y una descripción de las plantas
de *?Guayaquil] [Botanical study: a
botanical classification and description of
the plants of Guayaquil] JJC. 01235.
Colección Vigésima Cuarta [Twenty-fourth
Collection].
[Mapas de varios sitios de América del Sur
y de Sevilla] [Maps of several sites in South
America and Seville]. JJC. 01239.
Colección Vigésima Cuarta.
[Láminas de aves] 128 plates of birds with
descriptions and one of a snake. JJC.01232.
Colección vigésima cuarta.
Author
Date
Quantity
Folios
Anastasio
Guzmán
de c. 1797
4 docs.
193
Anastasio
Guzmán
de 17961797
54 docs.
54
Anastasio
Guzmán
de c. 1791
129 docs.
129
Size.
cm
16 x11
Type
Significance
Category
State of
Preserv.
Manuscr.
Unique
Botany
Good
61x56
Manuscr.
folded
to
30
x21
49 x 30 Manuscr.
folded
to
38
x24
Unique
Cartography
Good
Unique
Zoology
Good
[Dibujos de animales y molino] Contains Anastasio de
thirty-six plates with drawings of animals Guzmán
and six with the plan of a mill with two
vertically moving wheels. JJC. 01233.
Colección Vigésima Cuarta.
[Diario del viaje de Anastasio de Guzmán
desde Buenos Aires hasta Guayaquil]
[Journal of Anastasio de Guzmán’s journey
from Buenos Aires to Guayaquil] Contains
the diary of a journey through Valparaíso
and Lima. JJC. 01234. Colección Vigésima
Cuarta.
Ideas sobre una geografía de las plantas:
escrito sobre la fitogeografía de América
del Sur, México y Cuba. JJC-02466.
Colección Trigésima Séptima.
Guzmán A. Lámina de Plantas
(AHBC/E)
10
Anastasio
Guzmán
c. 1797
de 1797
Alexander Von 1807
Humboldt
Guzmán A, Molino
de dos ruedas (AHBC/E)
39 docs.
39
40x30
Manuscr.
folded
to
30
x21
Unique
Zoology
Good
1 doc.
30
15 x11
Manuscr.
Unique
Zoology
Good
1
8
22 x16
Manuscr.
Unico
Botánica
Bueno
Guzmán A, Lámina de ave
(AHBC/E)
Guzmán y Abreu, Plano de Sevilla
(AHBC/E)
Collection
ECUADOR
/
Biblioteca
Banco
Central
[Library of the
Central Bank]
11
Title
Author
Date
Quantity
Folios
Vues de Cordilléres, et Monuments des
peuples indigènes de L’ Amerique [Views
of mountain ranges, and monuments of the
indigenous peoples of the Americas]. Paris,
Printed by Smith. Ex libris: Jacinto Jijón
and Caamaño. Contains in addition
19 illustration sheets. JJO10890.
Alexander Von
Humboldt
1816
1
250
El arcano de la quina: Discurso que
contiene parte médica de las cuatro
especies de quinas oficiales, sus virtudes
eminentes y su legítima preparación [The
mysteries of cinchona: Treatise containing a
medical report on the four species of
Cinchona officinalis, their eminent virtues
and proper preparation]. Posthumous work.
Ibarra, royal printer’s, Madrid. Work
supplemented by notes, appendix and
historical foreword by Doctor Manuel
Hernández Gregorio, Court Apothecary.
Properties of cinchona, in a folded sheet.
JJ001910.
José Celestino
Mutis.
Foreword
Manuel
Hernández de
Gregorio.
1828
1
263
Size
cm.
Category
State of
Preserv.
Type
Significance
21
Printed
document
First Edition
Geography
Good
2
Printed
document
First Edition
Medicine
and Botany
Good
Collection
ECUADOR
Biblioteca
Banco Central
12
/
Title
Author
Extracto del diario de observaciones
Charles Marie
hechas en el viaje de la Provincia de Quito
de La
al Pará por el Río de las Amazonas [Extract
Condamine
from the diary of observations made on the
journey along the Amazon River from the
Province of Quito to Pará] . Printed by Joan
Catufae, Paris. JJ008104.
La figure de la terre, déterminée par les
Pedro Bouguer
observations de Messieurs Bouguer et de
and Charles
La Condamine, de l’Académie Royale des
Marie de La
Sciences, envoyés par ordre du Roy au
Condamine
Pérou, pour observer aux environs del
l’Equateur. Avec une relation abregée de ce
voyage, qui contient la description du pays
dans lequel les operations ont été faites
[The shape of the Earth, as established by
the observations of Messrs. Bouguer and La
Condamine, of the Royal Academy of
Science, who were sent to Peru by order of
the King to observe the area around the
Equator. With a brief account of this
journey, containing a description of the
countryside where the work was carried
out] Lib. Du Roy. JJ008023.
Date
Quantity
Folios
Size
cm.
Type
Significance
Category
State of
Preserv.
1745
1
121
15
Printed
document
First Edition
Geography
Good
1745
1
393
25
Printed
document
First Edition
Astronomy
Good
Collection
ECUADOR
/
Title
Instrucción que han de observar el
Spanish Crown
Corregidor de Lojo y Botánico chimico que
S.M. se ha servido nombrar para el acopio
y remisión a España de la mejor quina para
su real Casa y botica y de las demás de
estos Reinos [Instructions which must be
followed by the Corregidor [royallyappointed Mayor] of *?Loja and Chemical
Botanist whom H.M. has seen fit to appoint
to collect and dispatch to Spain the best
cinchona for his Royal Household and
pharmacy and others in these Realms].
Archivo
Nacional
[National
Archive]
Collection
ECUADOR
Date
1790
Quantity
1
Folios
7
/
Title
Biblioteca
General map of the Province of Quito.
Aurelio Espinosa
Pólit
[Aurelio Map of the Province of Popayán
Espinosa
Pólit
Library]
13
Author
Author
Juan de
Velasco
Juan de
Velasco
Date
Quantity
Folios
Size
cm.
21 x30
Size
cm.
1789
1
1
44x 36
1780
1
1
24 x19
Category
State of
Preserv.
Type
Significance
Manuscr.
Unique
Type
Significance
Printed
document
Printed
document
Unique
Cartography
Good
Unique
Cartography
Good
Botany and
Economics
Category
Good
State of
Preserv.
Juan de Velasco, Carta de la Provincia de Quito. (BAEP)
Collection
ECUADOR
Instrucción que han de observar el Corregidor
de Loja… para acopio de quina (AN/E)
/
Title
Author
Biblioteca
Nacional
Floresta Americana
Americas].
Biblioteca
del
Instituto
Nacional Mejía
[Library of the
Reflexiones acerca de un método para Eugenio de Santa
preservar a los pueblos de la viruela Cruz y Espejo
[Reflections on a method for protecting
people from smallpox].
14
[Forests
of
the Aimé Bonpland
Date
Quantity
Folios
1850
1
135
17911792
1
340
Size
cm.
28 x 12
21.5 x 15
Type
Significance
Printed
document
First Edition
Manuscr
Unique
Category
State of
Preserv.
Botany
Good
Medicine
Good
Mejía Institute]
Biblioteca
U. Voyage aux Régions Equinoxiales du Alexander
Central [Library Nouveau Continent [Journey to the Humboldt
of the Central Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent].
University]
Museo Nacional
de la Medicina
[National
Medicine
Museum]
Von
1816
1
439
21 x 13
Printed
document
First Edition
Geography
Good
*?Reisen in Süd-Amerika: das Hochgebirge W. Reis and A.
der Republik Ecuador. [Travels in South Stubel
America: the Highlands of the Republic of
Ecuador] Berlin, Ver Lang A. Asher.
18921898
1
378
31.5 x 24
Printed
document
First Edition
Geography
Good
E. Espejo,Reflexiones…viruela (BINM/Q)
15
Collection
SPAIN
/
Archivo General
de
Indias
[General Archive
of the Indies]
Title
Author
Mapa de la Provincia de Loja y de los
Montes reservados donde se encuentran los
árboles de la quina [Map of the Province of
Loja and of the woodland reserves where
cinchona trees are found]. (Immaterial,
1556)
Método de extraher y acopiar las cortezas
de cascarilla que se remiten todos los años
al Soberano para su Real Botica de la
Provincia de Loja [Method for extracting
and collecting the cinchona bark that is
dispatched to the Sovereign each year for
his Royal Pharmacy in the Province of
Loja]. (MP-Panamá, Santa Fe y Quito, 179)
Anonymous
Juan José
Tafalla
Date
1769
1805
Quantity
1
1
Folios
1
4
Size
cm.
30 x 41
29.6
20.7
Type
Manusc.
Various
colours
inks
Unique
x Manusc.
Unique
Mapa de la Provincia de Loja y de los Montes reservados
donde se encuentran los árboles de la quina (AGI/S)
16
Significance
Category
State of
Preserv.
Good
Cartography
Botany
Good
Collection
SPAIN
/
Title
Real
Jardín Virtudes de la Quina, de ojas, cogollos,
Botánico [Royal corteza, polvos y corteza de la raíz [Virtues
Botanical
of cinchona, of leaves, shoots, bark, powder
Garden]
and root bark].
Quiniología o Tratado del árbol de la quina
o cascarilla, con su descripción y de las
otras especies de quinas nuevamente
descubiertas en el Perú [“Quiniología” or
Treatise on the cinchona or cascarilla tree,
with a description, and on other cinchona
species recently discovered in Peru]. In the
office of the widow and son of Marín,
Madrid.
Suplemento a la Quiniología. [Supplement
to “Quiniología”]. In which Mr Juan Tafalla
expands the cinchona species recently
discovered in Peru, and the “orange
cinchona” of Santa Fé with an illustration.
Add the reply to the “Memoria de las
Quinas de Santa Fe” [Thesis on the
Cinchonas of Sante Fe], which Francisco
José de Zea inserted into the Natural
History Annals, and the satisfaction of the
objects and doubts of citizen Jussieu on the
genii of the Pódromo of the Flora of Peru
and Chile. Printed by the widow and son of
Marín, Madrid.
Nivelación de las quinas en general y en
particular de la de Loja o de la Cinchona
officinalis [Classification of cinchonas in
general and the cinchona of Loja or
Cinchona officinalis in particular]
17
Author
Date
Quantity
Folios
Size
cm.
31 x 21.5
Significance
Category
State of
Preserv.
Manusc.
Unique
Botany
Good
Type
Fernando de la
Vega
1752
1
4
Hipólito Ruiz
1792
1
*?8
sheets.
103
pages.
2
sheets
23
Printed
docume
nt
First Edition
Botany
Good
Hipólito Ruiz
1801
1
*?[5sh
eets]
154
pages.
One
interle
aved
plate.
20
Printed
document
First Edition
Botany
Good
Francisco José
de Caldas
1802
2 copies
4
24.5 x
38.5
Ink and
crayon
on paper
Unique
Botany
Good
Collection
SPAIN
Real
Botánico
Carta Topográfica de las cercanías de Loja Francisco José
en la que nace la Cinchona officinalis
de Caldas
[Topographical map of the environs of Loja
in which Cinchona officinalis grows].
1802
1
1
25 x39
Ink and
crayon
on paper
Unique
Botany
Good
Nivelación de 30 especies de planas puestas Francisco José
sobre la vista occidental del Imbabura de Caldas
[Classification of 30 species of plants on
the western aspect of the Imbabura].
1802
1
1
25 x39
Ibid
Unique
Botany
Good
Significance
Category
State of
Preserv.
Pencil
and ink
on paper
Unique
Botany
Good
/
Title
Quantity
Folios
1802
2 copies
2
C18-19
222
222
38 x 26
Ink and
wash on
paper
Unique
Botany
Good
Various
C18-19
2,032
2,032
38 x26
Ibid
Unique
Botany
Good
Various
C18-19
6,600
6,600
54 x38
Unique
Botany
Good
Jardín Levelling of some plants which we grow in Francisco José
the environs of Ecuador, in accordance with de Caldas
the barometric observations made between
1796 and 1802.
Botanical Expedition to Peru and Chile.
Various
Láminas de la Flora Huayaquilensis [Plates
of the Flora Huayaquilensis].
Botanical expedition to Peru and Chile.
Láminas de la Flora del Perú y Chile
[Plates of the flora of Peru and Chile].
Expedición Botánica de José Celestino
Mutis [Botanical Expedition of José
Celestino Mutis]. Plates of the Flora of New
Granada.
18
Author
Date
Size
cm.
24 x39
Type
Tempera
wash
Flora de Nueva Granada
S. Rizo, Mutisia
Collection
/SPAIN
Archivo de
la
Biblioteca
General de
Humanidades
del
CSIC
[Archive of
the General
Humanities
Library in
the
Scientific
Research
Council of
Madrid].
Fondo
Marcos
19
Flora peruana
José Brunete, Bromelia ananas
F. J. de Caldas, Nivelación de las quinas
Title
Author
Date
Mapa del curso del río Napo y región de
Quijos [Map of the course of the Napo river
and the Quijos region].
Diario de un perdido dentro del cráter del
Pichincha [Journal of a lost traveller inside
the Pichincha crater].
Diario de la Expedición de la Comisión
Científica del Pacífico [Journal of the
Expedition of the Scientific Committee of
the Pacific].
Dibujos de cerámicas y joyas peruanas
[Drawings of Peruvian ceramics and
jewellery].
N/A
18651875?
1
7
Marcos
Jiménez de la
Espada
Marcos
Jiménez de la
Espada
18651898?
1
55
18641865
9
notebooks
José Cebrián 1866García
1898
74
drawings
and 1
plate
119
drawings
Dibujos de cerámicas peruanas [Drawings Rafael Castro y 1850of Peruvian jewellery].
Ordóñez
1865
Quantity
F.José de Caldas, quinas
Folios
Size
cm.
Type
Flora Peruana
J.Brunete,Dalechanpia
Significance
Category
State of
Preserv.
Manusc.
Unique
Cartography
Good
Various
sizes
Manusc.
Unique
Biographical
Good
8 x 13
9 x 15
7 x 12
Manusc.
Unique
Scientific
Expeditions
18
26 x17.5
24.5x16.5
Manusc.
Unique
Archaeology
Fair,
deterioration of the
inks.
Good
9
32 x 23
32.5 x 24
16 x 24
Manusc.
Unique
Archaeology
Good
Marcos
Jiménez de
la Espada
[Marcos
Jiménez de
la Espada
Fonds]
Fotografías de cerámicas peruanas R. Castillo
[Photographs of Peruvian ceramics].
1979
Fotografías de la Comisión Científica del Rafael Castro y 1862Pacífico [Photographs of the Scientific Ordóñez
1865
Committee of the Pacific].
Acuarelas de volcanes [Watercolours of
1936volcanoes]:
1965
M. Jiménez de
• Sumach
la Espada
Anonymous
• Cotopaxi
Anonymous
• Unidentified
Acuarela de una familia Loreto
(BH/CSIC)
20
Anónimo, Fotografía de familia Loreto
en Quito. (BH/CSIC)
3
3
16.5 x 11
Manusc.
Unique
Archaeology
292
292
Various
sizes
Photograph
Unique
Scientific
Expeditions
Manusc.
Unique
Geology
1
1
1
1
1
1
14.5
24.5
14.5
16.5
x
x
Jiménez de la Espada, Volcán Sumaco
(BH/CSIC)
Oxidation,
yellowing
of the agglutinating
agent.
Fair: loss
of image,
tears and
marks.
Good
Collection
/PERU
Banco
Continental
[Continental Bank]
Biblioteca
Nacional
[National
Library]
21
Title
Author
Watercolours of the visit of the Bishop of
Trujillo (Peru)
Baltazar Jaime
Martínez
Compañón
Date
C18
Quantity
Folios
Size
cm.
Type
Significance
Category
State of
Preserv.
120
120
Manusc.
Unique
Zoology
Society
Good
Expediente sobre la demostración de una José Onofre de
máquina de moler metales inventada por
la Cadena
José Onofre de la Cadena [Record of the
demonstration of a metal grinding machine
invented by José Onofre de la Cadena]
Método de fundición de metales de azogue
N/A
en Huancavelica [Method for smelting
mercury metals in Huancavelica]
Testimonio del Expediente relativo a los
N/A
experimentos y operaciones del laboratorio
químico metalúrgico construido por el
Barón de Nordenflicht en esta capital
[Evidence of the Record relating to the
experiments and operations of the chemical
metallurgy laboratory built by the Baron of
Nordenflicht in this capital].
1787
1
4
Manusc.
Unique
Mineralogy
Good
1792
1
44
Manusc.
Unique
Mineralogy
Good
1793
1
90
Manusc.
Unique
Mineralogy
Good
Diario de las operaciones que se van
N/A
practicando en el Laboratorio químico
metalúrgico de Lima [Journal of operations
carried out in the chemical metallurgy
laboratory of Lima].
Expediente promovido por Manuel de Manuel Salazar
Salazar y Vicuña sobre un nuevo método de
y Vicuña
beneficio de metales por medio de una
máquina inventada [Record by Manuel de
Salazar y Vicuña of a new method for
smelting metals using an invented machine].
1793
1
35
Manusc.
Unique
Mineralogy
Good
1813
1
89
Manusc.
Unique
Mineralogy
Good
Expediente sobre las expediciones de 18141815 por Andamarca al reconocimiento de
las montañas peruanas [Record of
Andamarca’s expeditions in 1814-1815 to
survey the mountains of Peru].
Curso completo. Mineralogía o varios
modos de extraer la plata [Complete
course. Mineralogy or various ways of
extracting silver].
Martínez Compañón
Danza de pájaros (CBC/P)
22
N/A
18141815
1
28
Manusc.
Unique
Mineralogy
Good
Joaquín
Villegas
1840
1
118
Manusc.
Unique
Mineralogy
Good
Martínez Compañón
Indios tiñendo tela (CBC/P)
Martínez Compañón
Leprosa banándose (CBC/P)
Martínez Compañón
Huanchaco (CBC/P)
23
Martínez Compañón,
Mestiza y Jilguero común (CBC/P)
•
Summary of documents being nominated
Manuscripts
Watercolours
Drawings
Maps
Printed matter
Photographs
23
402
9,216
188
23
295
TOTAL
•
10,238
Summary by country of the Archives, Libraries and Collections included in the
Nomination.
COUNTRY
Bolivia (2)
ARCHIVE, LIBRARY OR COLLECTION
-
Archivo y Biblioteca Nacionales
Archivo y Biblioteca del H. Congreso
-
Archivo General de la Nación
Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia
-
Archivo Histórico y Biblioteca del Ministerio de
Relaciones Exteriores.
Archivo Histórico y Biblioteca del Banco Central
Archivo Nacional
Biblioteca Aurelio Espinosa Pólit
Biblioteca del Instituto Nacional Mejía
Biblioteca Nacional “Eugenio Espejo”
Biblioteca de Universidad Central
Museo Nacional de la Medicina
Spain (3)
-
Archivo General de Indias
Biblioteca General de Humanidades del CSIC
Real Jardín Botánico
Peru (2)
-
Banco Continental
Biblioteca Nacional
Colombia (2)
Ecuador (8)
TOTAL 17
•
Bibliographic and registration details
Most of the documents generated by the scientific expeditions promoted and sponsored
by the Spanish Crown in the eighteenth century is housed in specialized archives in
Spain.
The archive of the Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid contains collections of the work
conducted by José Celestino Mutis and Francisco José de Caldas in New Granada and
4
the Audiencia de Quito; by Ruiz and Pavón in Peru and Chile and by Juan José Tafalla
and Agustín de Manzanilla in Peru and the area now known as Ecuador. The drawings
by South American and Spanish artists accompanying the research of these botanists,
which are housed in the archive, have been wholly or partially reproduced in facsimile
editions.
With regard to the work carried out by the Comisión Científica del Pacífico between
1862 and 1865, in 2001 the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas de Madrid
[Scientific Research Council of Madrid] published a book and CD-ROM featuring the
written and graphic documentation housed in the Fondo Jiménez de la Espada [Jiménez
de la Espada Collection] in the Council’s Humanities Library, which had never before
been published.
With regard to the work of the Misión Geodésica Francesa [French Geodesic Mission]
between 1736 and 1744, we know that the four volumes of the first edition of the
Account by Jorge Juan and Antonio de Ulloa are housed in four libraries in Ecuador and
in the Biblioteca Nacional de España [Spanish National Library].
Among the priceless gems of documentary heritage owned by the Biblioteca Nacional
de Colombia are original materials from one of the greatest scientific and cultural
ventures in Colombia - the Chorographic Committee – which took place between 1850
and 1859 under the leadership of the Italian Colonel Agustín Codazzi. The Committee’s
research includes graphic work encompassing one hundred and fifty-two original
watercolours by Carmelo Fernández, Enrique Price and Manuel María Paz. Regrettably,
it is incomplete, since a number of plates have been lost over the years. It was Miguel
Antonio Caro, director of the Biblioteca Nacional (1880-1885), who created the Album
de la Comisión [Album of the Committee], which remained in that form until a few
years ago, when it was decided to place the one hundred and fifty-two plates in their
present individual mounts.
The Geography of the Provinces of New Granada, produced as a result of studies by the
Comisión corográfica, was published between 1957 and 1959 thanks to Eduardo
Acevedo Latorre, who collected materials that had lain undiscovered for more than a
century.
The studies by scientists outside the national sphere are scattered among a number of
collections. Those by Humboldt and Bonpland in South America were published in
Ecuador in 1997, in the Catalogue Americanistas en las Bibliotecas del Banco Central
del Ecuador [Americanists in the Libraries of the Central Bank of Ecuador]. They were
also published in South America for a travelling exhibition held in 2001 entitled El
regreso de Humboldt [The return of Humboldt], of which the catalogues for Ecuador
and Colombia include references and studies by contemporary experts on these and
other scientists of that era.
The watercolours by the Bishop of Trujillo, Baltazar Jaime Martínez Compañón, are
housed in three collections: in the Biblioteca del Palacio Real de Madrid [Library of the
Royal Palace of Madrid] containing 1,400 plates bound into nine volumes; in the Banco
Continental de Lima [Continental Bank of Lima], containing 120 plates bound into two
volumes and published in part in 1997 by the Fundación del Banco Continental
[Foundation of the Continental Bank], under the title Trujillo del Perú, Baltazar Jaime
5
Martínez Compañón, Acuarelas S. XVIII [Trujillo of Peru, Baltazar Jaime Martínez
Compañón, Eighteenth-century Watercolours] and in the Biblioteca Nacional de
Colombia.
In the latter, the collection consists of 127 plates, collected in a single volume bound in
wood, with traces of gold-embossed red morocco leather and metal clasps on the front.
According to the Biblioteca Nacional, while these watercolours “bear no original date,
historically they can be dated between June 1782 and February 1785, since Martínez
Compañón himself said that it had taken him two years, eight months and eighteen days
to complete the pastoral visit to the Diocese of Trujillo”. Ediciones de Cultura
Hispánica de Madrid published a facsimile edition of this volume in 1991.
Some of these drawings, classified under zoology, customs, important colonial figures,
portraits of bishops, symbols, archaeology and cartography, have been reproduced as
illustrations in various books on Latin American colonial history.
The work carried out in Peru and Ecuador by Andalusian scientist Anastasio de Guzmán
y Abreu, consisting of botanical studies, town plans and drawings of animals and plants,
which are housed in the Archivo Histórico del Banco Central del Ecuador [Historical
Archive of the Central Bank of Ecuador], have never before been published.
In the case of the manuscript of Eugenio de Santa Cruz y Espejo, there is a 1986
facsimile by the Comisión de Conmemoraciones Cívicas [Civic Commemoration
Committee] of the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores del Ecuador and a reference in
the Catalogue Los Libros de Eugenio de Santa Cruz y Espejo [The Books of Eugenio de
Santa Cruz y Espejo], published by the Banco Central del Ecuador in 1999.
With regard to the documentation owned by the Biblioteca Nacional del Perú [National
Library of Peru] relating to experiments and operations in chemical metallurgy and
scientific advances, in 1995 the Instituto de Estudios Peruanos [Institute of Peruvian
Studies (IEP)] published the book Saberes andinos, ciencia y tecnología en Bolivia,
Ecuador y Perú [Andean knowledge, science and technology in Bolivia, Ecuador and
Peru], the editor of which, Marcos Cueto, wrote “Guía para la historia de la ciencia:
archivos y bibliotecas en Lima” [Scientific history guide: archives and libraries in
Lima].
The work of Alcide D’ Orbigny, a travelling naturalist of the Natural History Museum
of Paris, who journeyed through a number of South American countries between 1826
and 1833 - including Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, Peru and Bolivia (where he
stayed from 1830 to 1833, enjoying the logistical support of President Andrés de Santa
Cruz) - have been gathered into a collection of 10 volumes housed in: the Biblioteca y
Archivo de H. Congreso de Bolivia, in the Archivo y Biblioteca Nacionales de Bolivia,
and in the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Mayor de San Andrés [General Library
of the San Andrés University]. In 1850, Monsignor Miguel de los Santos Taborga
Pizarro bought this collection and sent it to be bound. Taborga then donated it to the
Biblioteca del Congreso [Library of Congress], which in those days belonged to the
Senate.
In short, even though catalogues, guides, facsimiles and reference books have been
published on some of the documentation being nominated, no work exists compiling the
6
documentary heritage on the development of science in South America. Hence the
importance of recovering these unique manuscript sources, graphic testimony and
printed matter on an issue of world significance that will allow us to safeguard the
scientific memory of the history of humankind.
•
Visual documentation
The CD-ROM: Scientific Memory of Andean America: scientific expeditions and
research in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Eighteenth-nineteenth centuries
includes manuscript, graphic and printed information on the heritage being nominated,
under the categories: cartography, botany, zoology, archaeology, ethnography,
geography, astronomy and society.
3.3.BIBLIOGRAPHY:
-
Acosta-Solis, Misael, “La ciencia iberoamericana durante la conquista y colonia”, in
Cultura, Revista del Banco Central del Ecuador, Vol. VIII, No. 23, SeptemberDecember 1985.
-
Antei, Giorgio. Mal de América: las obras y los días de Agustín Codazzi, 1793-1859.
[Catálogo de Expedición], Museo Nacional - Biblioteca Nacional, Bogotá, 1993.
-
Arias Divito, Juan Carlos, Las expediciones científicas españolas durante el siglo
XVIII, Ediciones Cultura Hispánica, Madrid, 1989.
-
Banco Central de Ecuador, Los libros de Eugenio Espejo, Unidad de Artes Gráficas,
Banco Central del Ecuador, Quito, 1999.
-
Briceño Iragorry, Mario, Pasión y triunfo de los grandes libros. Publicaciones de la
Academia Nacional de la Historia, Caracas, 1941.
-
Castrillón Alberto, “Fitogeografía, paisaje y territorio al comienzo del siglo XIX” in
Boletín Cultural Bibliográfico, Biblioteca Luis Angel Arango, Vol. XXXIV. No. 46,
Bogotá, 1977.
-
Comisión Corográfica, Geografía física y política de las Provincias de la Nueva
Granada, Banco de la República, Bogotá, 1957-1959.
-
Cueto, Marcos, “Guía para la historia de la ciencia y bibliotecas de Lima” in Marcos
Cueto Ed. Saberes andinos. Ciencia y tecnología en Bolivia, Ecuador y Perú. Instituto
de Estudios Peruanos, Lima, 1995.
-
Diaz Piedrahita, Santiago, José Jerónimo Triana: naturalista multifacético. Fondo
FEN, Bogotá- Colombia, 1996.
-
Di Capua, Alberto, “La expedición Malaspina 1789-1794”, in Boletín Histórico No.
27-28, Fuerzas Armadas del Ecuador, January-December 1985.
-
El Regreso de Humboldt. [Catalogue] Exhibition in the Museo de la Ciudad in Quito,
June – August 2001
7
-
Estrella, Eduardo,
“Ciencia ilustrada y saber popular en el conocimiento de la
quina”, in Marcos Cueto Ed., Saberes andinos, ciencia y
tecnología en Bolivia, Ecuador y Perú, Instituto de Estudios
Peruanos, Lima, 1995.
“La Flora Huayaquilensis y la Expedición Botánica de Juan
Tafalla (1799-1808)”, in Carabela, Revista del Instituto
Ecuatoriano de Cultura Hispánica, Quito, año 8, No. 5, June
1990.
“Estudio
introductorio”
in Johanne Tafalla, Flora
Huayaquilensis, Real Jardín Botánico, Consejo Superior de
Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Central del
Ecuador, Madrid, 1989.
Fundación del Banco Continental, Trujillo del Perú. Baltazar Jaime Martínez Compañón.
Acuarelas siglo XVIII, Lima, 1997.
-
La Expedición Botánica al Virreinato del Perú (1777-1778), Volumes I and II,
Lunwerg Editores, Madrid, 1988.
-
López-Ocón, Leoncio and Carmen María Pérez-Montes (Eds), Marcos Jiménez de la
Espada (1831-1898) Tras la Senda de un Explorador, Consejo Superior de
Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Historia, Madrid, 2000.
-
Muñoz, José E., “La primera expedición española del siglo XVIII”, in: Boletín
Nacional de la Academia de Historia, Quito, vol. XXXVI, No. 88, July-December
1956.
-
Pérez Mejía, “Mutis o la trampa de la Mutisia Clematis, in Boletín Cultural
Bibliográfico, Bogotá, Biblioteca Luis Angel Arango, Vol. XXXIV. No. 46, 1977.
-
Petitjean, Martine – Ives Saint-Geours, “La economía de la cascarilla en el
corregimiento de Loja”, in Cultura, Revista del Banco Central del Ecuador, Vol. 5,
No.15, January-April 1983.
-
Real Jardín Botánico, La botánica en la expedición Malaspina 1789-1794, Catálogo de
la exposición, ed. II, Sociedad Estatal Quinto Centenario, Madrid, October-November
1989.
-
Shumacher, Hernan Albert, Biografía del General Agustín Codazzi, Translated by
Francisco Manrique, San Fernando de Apure, Printed by “Augusta”, 1916.
-
Soriano Lleras, Andrés, Itinerario de la Comisión Corográfica, Universidad Nacional
de Colombia, Bogotá, 1968.
-
Sotos Serrano, Carmen, Los pintores de la expedición de Alejandro Malaspina, I and
II, Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid, 1982.
8
-
Steele, Arthur R., Flores para el Rey. Expedición de Ruiz y Pavón y la flora peruana
(1777-1788), Editorial Serbal, Barcelona, 1982.
-
Vilchis Jaime - Victoria Arias, Ciencia y técnica entre el viejo y nuevo mundo siglos
XV-XVIII, Consejo Internacional de Archivos, Ministerio de Cultura, Quinto
Centenario, Editores Lunwerg, Madrid, 1992.
-
Villa, Pablo, Codazzi-Humboldt-Caldas: Precursores de la geografía moderna.
Ediciones de la Dirección de Cultura, Publicaciones y Relaciones Públicas, Caracas,
1960.
•
Names, qualifications and contact details of specialized independent people or
organizations that know the significance and origin of the documentary heritage.
-
Doctor Ximena Medinacelli, Archivo Nacional de la Paz, Bolivia.
Doctor Clara López, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Bolivia.
Doctor Jorge Palacios Preciado, Archivo General de la Nación, Bogotá.
Doctor Santiago Diaz Piedrahita, Full Member of the Academia Colombiana de
Ciencias.
Doctor Pilar Moreno de Angel, Historian, Full Member of the Academia Colombiana
de Historia. Former Director of the Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia and of the
Archivo General de la Nación.
Doctor Plutarco Naranjo, Academia Nacional de Historia del Ecuador.
Doctor Rosemarie Terán Najas, Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar.
Doctor Jorge Salvador Lara, Archivo del Municipio de Quito.
Doctor Rodrigo Fierro, Politécnica Nacional del Ecuador.
Doctor Leoncio López-Ocón, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Madrid.
Doctor Carmen María Pérez-Montes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Madrid.
Doctor Carlos Contreras, Instituto de Estudios Peruanos and Universidad
Católica del Perú.
Doctor Luis Miguel Glave, Universidad Católica del Perú
-
-
4. JUSTIFICATION FOR INCLUSION/ASSESSMENT AGAINST CRITERIA
4.1. Is authenticity established?
Without a doubt. Each and every one of the documents proposed for this nomination has
been analysed by the respective custodians and officials of the institutions housing these
collections, as well as by scientific history experts.
4.2.
Remarkable advances in botany were made in Europe in the eighteenth century, leading to
an interest in the discovery of new plants in South America. Their application and uses
represented a great stride forward for humanity. The study of medicinal plants in the Real
Audiencia de Quito, such as sarsaparilla - which was used to cure syphilis - and
particularly cinchona or cascarilla, the most important plant in South America - which
9
was used to treat tertian fever and malaria - led to advances in the development of
European medical science.
The pitch and timber discovered in the tropical regions of South America were used to
build ships for the Spanish Armada. South American products such as rubber, cinnamon
or “ishipingo”, tobacco, coca and cocoa linked the Andean region to foreign trade
markets, thereby enriching the diet and customs of Europeans. South American botany
benefited medicine, shipbuilding, textile manufacturing and trade.
The work of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century scientists helped to expand knowledge of
zoology, physics, geography, geology, history and archaeology. The merging of science
and art increased knowledge about unknown regions while enriching the representation of
landscape.
The testimonies these scientists left behind constitute a documentary heritage in the
fields of history, geography and culture that transcends the national level, extending to
the regional (Andean America) and international levels (with particular reference to
Spain, France and Germany).
4.3.
• Criteria of time and place: The eighteenth century was the age of reason marked by
outstanding advances in the field of science. There was a preoccupation with natural
and social sciences not only in Europe, but also in all the overseas territories, in which
the Real Audiencia de Quito played a strategic role. Its situation at the Earth's Equator
led to the measurement of an angle of the Earth’s meridian ending the long-standing
debate on the shape of the Earth. This meant that South America ceased to be purely a
supplier of precious metals and became a key centre for scientific studies and research
bringing worldwide benefits.
Its geographical position in the tropics, the presence of the Andes and the influence of
ocean currents are the three basic factors influencing climatic conditions and hence the
variety of habitats and ecosystems in the territory now known as Ecuador. It has
created one of the most biodiverse geographical areas in the world and facilitated the
adaptation of a large number of plant and animal species.
The graphic documentation of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, in which science
and art merge, has left indelible traces of ecological environments, cities, customs and
archaeological evidence that in many cases have disappeared from the area now known
as Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
•
Criterion of people: It is a heritage that relates to a group of people - in this case,
European and American scholars who made a decisive contribution to geographical,
historical, cultural and scientific knowledge about South American peoples, prompting
scientific advances in the world. This gained them admittance into Europe’s great
Academies of Science, including: Alexander von Humboldt (Germany); Francisco José
de Caldas (Colombia); Pedro Vicente Maldonado (Ecuador); Aimé Bonpland (France);
Alcide D’Orbigny (France) and Jorge Juan y Antonio de Ulloa (Spain).
•
Criterion of subject and theme: Heritage documenting the scientific and cultural
development of South America and the world, as from the eighteenth century, when
10
major changes occurred in the world view of human beings and their environment. The
contributions of the South American region, on which South American and European
scholars carried out scientific investigation work during the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries, led to the development of new scientific paradigms.
5. LEGAL INFORMATION
5.1. Owners and custodians of the documentary heritage (name and contact
details)
Bolivia:
Owner: Archivo y Biblioteca Nacionales de Bolivia
Custodian: Marcela Inch
Address: Calle Jugán No. 1005
Casilla 12164
Email: [email protected]
La Paz, Bolivia
Owner: Biblioteca y Archivo Histórico del Honorable Congreso Nacional
de la República
Custodian: Luis Oporto
Address: Calle Mercado, esquina Ayacucho N° 308
Telephone: (005912) 201044
Email: [email protected]
La Paz, Bolivia
Colombia:
Owner: Biblioteca Nacional de Bogotá
Custodian: Lina Espitaleta
Address: Calle 24 No.5-60.
Apartado Aéreo: 27600
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: 341-4029
Fax: 341-4030
Bogotá, Colombia
Owner: Archivo General de la Nación
Custodian: Jorge Palacios Preciado
Address: Cra. 6 No. 6-91
Telephone: 337 20 19
Fax: 337 20 19
Email: [email protected]
Bogotá, Colombia
Ecuador:
Owner: Archivo Nacional del Ecuador.
Custodian: Grecia Vasco
Address: Av. 6 de diciembre No. 794 y Patria. ( 1er. Piso)
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: (005932) 2553-919
11
Quito, Ecuador
Owner: Archivo Histórico del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores del
Ecuador
Custodian: María Elena Porras
Address: Av. 10 de agosto 1183 y Carrión
Email: [email protected] /[email protected]
Telephone: (005932) 2509-996
Quito, Ecuador
Owner: Banco Central del Ecuador
Archivo Histórico
Custodian: Honorio Granja.
Address: García Moreno y Bolívar
Telephone: (005932)2572-782
Quito, Ecuador
Biblioteca
Custodian: José Vera
Address: Ed. Aranjuez, Reina
Washington.
Telephone: (005932) 2505- 948
Victoria
y
Jorge
Owner: Biblioteca Aurelio Espinosa Pólit
Custodian: José Ayerve S.J.
Address: José Nogales 220 y Francisco Arcos ( Cotocollao)
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: (005932) 2491-156 /2491-157
Fax: (005932) 2493-928
Quito, Ecuador
Owner: Biblioteca del Instituto Nacional Mejía
Custodian: Susana Romero Cevallos
Address: Vargas y Ante
Telephone: (005932) 2565-718
Quito, Ecuador
Owner: Biblioteca Nacional “Eugenio Espejo”. Casa de la Cultura
Ecuatoriana
Custodian: Laura de Crespo
Address: Av. 12 de Octubre No. 555 y Patria
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: (005932) 2223-391 / 2527-440
Quito, Ecuador
Owner: Biblioteca de la Universidad Central del Ecuador
Custodian: Janeth Cornejo
Address: Av. América entre Gilberto Gatto Sobral y Bolivia
Email: [email protected]
12
Telephone: (005932) 2505 859
Quito, Ecuador
Owner: Museo Nacional de la Medicina
Custodian: Dr. Antonio Crespo
Address: García Moreno
Telephone: (005932) 2573-792
Fax: (005932) 2581-768
Quito, Ecuador
Spain:
Owner: Archivo General de Indias
Custodian: Magdalena Canellas Aroz
Address: Av. de la Constitución
Seville
Owner: Archivo del Real Jardín Botánico
Custodian: Juana Molina Nortes
Address: Plaza de Murillo, 2
Telephone: 91 420 3017
Fax: 91 420 01 57
Madrid
Owner: Biblioteca General de Humanidades del Consejo Superior de
Investigaciones Científicas
Custodian: Carmen María Pérez-Montes Salmerón
Address: Duque de Medinaceli, 6
28014 Madrid
Peru:
Owner: Banco Continental
Custodian:
Address:
Lima, Peru
Owner: Biblioteca Nacional
Custodian: Sinesio López Jiménez
Address: Av. Abancay. Cuarta Cuadra
Email: [email protected]/http://www.binape.gob.pe
Telephone: 4287690
Fax: 4277331
Lima, Peru
5.3. Legal status:
a) Category of ownership: public and private with their own regulations.
b) Accessibility: accessible to certified researchers and, for preservation reasons,
available only in situ.
13
c) Copyright status: since the documents are so old (eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries), they are not covered by copyright.
d) Responsible administration: all the institutions that own or have custody of the
documentary heritage being nominated.
(See letters of authorization/acceptance).
e) Other factors: none.
6. MANAGEMENT PLAN
6.1. Is there a management plan in existence for this documentary heritage?
YES/NO
Each of the collections, libraries and archives has a management plan for preserving and
conserving its documentary heritage. In some cases, like that of the Archivo Histórico del
Banco Central del Ecuador and the Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia, the heritage being
nominated has been microfilmed. Most of the institutions have systems for controlling
humidity, light, temperature and security, as well as technical personnel specialized in
preserving, conserving and restoring documents.
6. CONSULTATION
7.1. Provide details of consultation about this nomination with (a) the owner of the
heritage (b) the custodian (c) your national or regional Memory of the World
Committee.
The owners and custodians of the archives, libraries and collections were consulted
when drawing up this nomination and were invited to study the first version of the
nomination. Moreover, in the case of Ecuador, these officials belong to the National
Memory of the World Committee. The National Committee later unanimously approved
the regional nomination, which Ecuador then presented at the third meeting of the
Regional Committee for Latin America and the Caribbean in Quito on 25 June 2002.
The Regional Committee approved this nomination in principle and agreed that it
should be redrafted to take into account the meeting’s recommendations, in accordance
with the new guidelines and new form.
Finally, in November of the same year (2002), Ms María Elena Porras, as member of
the Regional Committee for Latin America and the Caribbean under the Memory of the
World Programme, travelled to La Paz, Bolivia, to present the achievements of the
Memory of the World Programme and this regional nomination on scientific memory to
Bolivian librarians and archivists. As a result of these efforts, Bolivia joined the
nomination, adding the collections and documents described in the inventory.
Following its redrafting and completion of the new form, this nomination is submitted
with the following supporting documents:
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1. Letter of invitation to the members of the National Memory of the World
Committee, 7/05/02.
2. Minutes of the National Memory of the World Committee for Ecuador, 14/05/02.
3. Proceedings of the Regional Committee for Latin America, June-July 2002.
4. Letters of authorization from the archives and libraries of: Bolivia, Colombia,
Ecuador, Peru and Spain (various dates 2002).
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