Capa Fisica Enlace de Datos Subcapa MAC

Anuncio
! "
#$
Enlace de Datos
802.2 LLC
802.3
802.5
802.11
MAC
MAC
802.11 MAC
PHY
PHY
Subcapa MAC
FHSS
DSSS
PHY
PHY Capa Fisica
! % & '( "
) & *+, " & %
!"-+ $-$
.
-$ $-$
)
*+, %
*/" " () * '( & */" ' .
Sistema
Distribucion
Medio
Estacion
Access
Point
! % (
0 % & " ! & ) & 12$$3 & )
$ & ) & 2$$
&
) % 4/ " $ 5 ( ! 6 /" ! 6% 7 $ 5
*
Access
Point
! 8% 7 ) )
%
2$$ *
/" *
/4
5 &9 5 &
) " " &9 *
& * &
4
) 1) ! 83 ) 1) / *( +02 63
2$$ & :
&
5
2$$ 1$$3
! ; 8 2$$
.
$$ *
& &<& & : ) :
) &
$$ :
'( / ) " ) / &
) " / 6
BSS1
AP1
BSS3
BSS2
AP2
BSS4
AP3
AP4
Router
Internet
! ;% (
) :
$$
& & ) )
&
& 5 & "
/ &<& /
& " * & " = >
&? ! @
Backbone Eth
AP
Bridge
! @% $
& *
& 4
0 * )5 $$ 8
! ; *8 * & / :
4 1**3 & !
) & )
6 %
) *
" A .
) :
& ) '( ) " * ) 0 & & ! B 2$$
DS
AP1
AP2
BSS1, ESS1
BSS2, ESS1
t=1
AP3
BSS3, ESS1
t=2
! B% C 2$$
$$ :
* $$ & "
/
($' .&
)5 5 1($'D(.3 5 )
($'D( 5 &
#
! $
! %&
& " & & 1& $'3 & .& (E ;
Tiempo
Frame
ACK
! % 7
)
! 4
5
! ! ! !
/ 5 ($'D(.
/ = :
Area accesible
por nodo 1
1
! F% Area accesible
por nodo 3
2
3
" 6 ! F " 6 " 6 / . ) 6 >
? " & &
" ) & &
) +.G
* ) 5 A
7C$ " (C$
7C$ ) " & / & 7C$ (C$ 7C$ @
1
2
RTS
(1) RTS
1
3
(4) ACK
CTS
(3) Frame
Frame
(2) CTS
ACK
2
! % . 7C$D(C$
(C$ ) ! 0 )5 / & 7C$D(C$ 4
(C$ & 7C$D(C$ 5
&
) 7C$D(C$ ) )& 1 ) 3 & 7C$D(C$ 5 " & $ ) & 7C$D(C$
% ' ( ) & !
( .
& 1.(!3 ) /
.(! & ($'D( " /
) * )
.(! 5 &<9 C&
.(! 5 (C$D7C$ && * & 5 %
" )
& '( )
1*+3 " " /= " 5 7!
+.G & & )
)
H 1 =< H
3 H " ) ( H &
H * 7C$D(C$ ! B
! H 5 & $ & H & Transmisor
SIFS
RTS
Frame
t
SIFS
Receptor
SIFS
CTS
ACK
t
NAV (RTS)
NAV
DIFS
t
NAV(CTS)
Acceso al medio diferido
! % 0 Ventana de contencion
H )
#&) / 7C$ (C$ " H ) .!$ * "+
) 4
DIFS
PIFS
Busy
SIFS
Ventana de
Contencion
Frame transmission
.....
ranuras
Backoff
frames diferidos
Tiempo
! % * ) !"#
(E
$ 7C$D(C$ "
!"#
& *4
# 5 & " .!$ 5 $ & 5 $!$ ( $!$ " H , " 5 .(! ) & " 5 " 2$$ %
) $ 4
5 &<9 : )
$ " .!$ 5
/ )
$ & & .!$
$ ) & !$
$ & $ .!$ " &<9 :
7 %
& ) (E :
$ (E C & (E
6 ( " 0 & &
(E
$ 5 H 4
$!$ " :
% (C$ " $ :
) & *
& 7C$ & & 7C$D(C$
*
& & F
#
&
& & " 4
(E (
)5 ( 0 % " " & 7C$ )) %
$ & (C$ 7C$
$ & (E $ & &
)) %
$ & (E & 7C$
$ & &
>
)? '( 5 ) : " / ) - .
/0 &
. " / .!$ .!$ ) ) 5 " :
) /
&<9 )5 " )5 ( )5 )
) " 6 A
)
.$$$
31 slots
Intento inicial
Frame
Previo
DIFS
1º retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
63 slots
2ª retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
127 slots
3ª retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
255 slots
4º retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
511 slots
5ª retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
Ventana de contencion=1,023 slots
6ª retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
Ventana de coneccion=1,023 slots
! 6% H
.$$$
)
: A
/
)) A
)
/" / / '( & : )
)) A
:4
: " (
' !
*
)
) & " & 0 ) A
: & C " & 8 6 SIFS
Sender
RTS
SIFS
Fragmento 0
CTS
Receiver
Fragmento 1
ACK 0
SIFS
CTS
Fragmento 2
ACK 1
SIFS
RTS
NAV
DIFS
SIFS
ACK2
011011
00
1010 10101010
00
11
Backoff slots
Tiempo
SIFS
Fragmento 0
Fragmento 1
ACK 0
ACK 1
Tiempo
! 8% ( $ &) 7C$D(C$ & ) 8 &) & H
0 & & '( /
0 8 " " '( ; '( ( 5 /
" &
) 2
2
Frame Duration/
Control ID
6
Address 1
6
Address 2
6
2
Address 3
Seq−
ctl
6
Address 4
0−2,312
Frame
Body
4
FCS
! ;% ! '( $ '( /
% & " D &5
2) %
$ 5 &"
&) &%
% $
& '
7C$ (C$ (E
! .
& &
! .$I
! .$I
&
4
C.$I
! " ! 4/
! &
& C.$I
! & ! .
& &
(
$ &
*
& &
* / &
) $ / J*
* ' ( ) +" " & &
6 %
$ & H ) & &
; $' 2
8 " &
; C &
) 6B@ H
,$$ 0 / &
8 8 6 $ /
'( C %
7
& & $ &4
/
*
5
& *
" 5 & & &4
$ & &
"
* & 2$$ 2$$. '( 5 & *
7 > /?
2$$. & %
2$$
*
. *
&
2$$
2$$
2$$
!
5 " 5 6% !
" 2$$. ( " 5 6 5
$ @ &"
5 & " $ 8 &"
" &"
'(
48F@ 4
5 '( $ ) ( $ : 6 &"
- . ( (7( &
/ " &) *+,
! & ) &% *
) 1*(*3
" & 1*'.3%
@ " & *(* ) >
? '( " &
A
&5
" & 5 & *'. & &
& *(* & (( 1( (/ 3
'( A
OSI Layer 2: Data Link
MAC
PLCP
OSI Layer 1: Physical
PMD
! @% !
6
!
+
& 6 %
!"4/ 4
!+ *+,
.
4$ 4
.$ *+,
5 * *+,
FFF ) %
/01233 #
/ !" .) '
:% #!.' *+,
/01233' +/47
.
$% +7D.$$$ *+,
& :4
& / ) / 4/ 8;K+5 0 ! (
( 1!((3 & 1 (/ $&
3 C
0 & >
" ? " & $'
* 5 ( ) !(( &
& &
" &
$ $
5 & $' C
& "
: A
& &
$ $
5 A
& &
* ) & $' & & =
" =
) 17*3 (
=
7* ) =
@& 1@ I 6 L6 I 3
) $ $
%
$
& . A
& & *
#
/ !" .) '
: .) / & "
A
& &
!+$$ .$$$ A
" " " 8
! B% 7
7! ()
A
" )4) B A
% " A
A
½¾ 1 3
A
0 ) "
& A
0 " & & & :
& & 5 & "
0
5 ) 4
& &
"
* 1 213
!" / & 4
" 9
8
7
Frequency
6
Slot
5
4
3
2
1
0
Time Slot
! % !" /
& 5 * 8 B C
& 5
(
A
;
$ !+ & )
$ "
/ ) & $' '+M 8 K+M .
0 BF = 8 , 213
1.$ *+,3 / :
& /= " A
!+ *+,N " !+ *+,
.$ -
A
& & 4
/ F &
Señal Original
Señal Transmitida
Amplitud
Señal Decodificada
Amplitud
Amplitud
Spreader
Correlacion
Frecuencia
Frecuencia
Frecuencia
! F% C 2
.$$$
F 5 & A
>? ) & / !
) A
& .$ / " )
& & A
) &
:
>/ 4
? $ &
5 N / &
"
/ / 5 O >/? & > ? 1
* 3 "
& 0 " / 5 &
% 7! " " / &
" & &
* & - @
Amplitud
Amplitud
Ruido
Señal Spread
Correlacion
Frecuencia
Señal Correlacionada
Ruido
11111111111111111111111111
00000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000
11111111111111111111111111
00000000000000000000000000
11111111111111111111111111
00000000000000000000000000
11111111111111111111111111
Frecuencia
! % C 2
.$$$
& & & & % & 5 " &
) O:& 4
MAC
MLME
MAC MIB
SME
PHY
PLME
PHY MIB
! % '' 1'( " '
"3 '( *'
" $' 1$"
"3 ) )
'2 1'
23 ) $ '*
(
5 /" /
&
N & & &
5 "
5 " 4
) %
& > /? " $ & 1&
3 $ ) )
&
B
"
) :
" 5 & 1
3
& $ ) ) ) / &
$ *
!+ '$& ( 5 & )
$
& $
( " : ( 2
/ &
) " # 2 &9 :
2$$ 2 2$$ ) ) 2$$ / 2 6 *
" * * "
* 6
Beacon
AP 1
AP 2
Cliente
BSS encontradas:
BSS 1, AP 1
BSS 2, AP 2
BSS 3, AP 3
AP 3
AP 4
! % $ *)
( $ %
& $ %
" *&." $ " & #&
.(! 1!
(
.
&3 " ) $ %
6 '(/C
$ /" ') $ & ) '(/C /
':4
(/C " *& 7
2$$ & *& 7
4
*
2 " & *& 7
6 " ) Probe Request
(a)
Probe Response
AP 1
AP 2
(b)
DIFS
Mobile station
(scanner)
Minimum
response
SIFS
time
Probe Request
DIFS
SIFS
ACK
ACK
Tiempo
Probe Response
AP 1
Contention
Window
Tiempo
.... Probe Response
AP 2
Tiempo
! 6% *
$ )
5 2$$ &
&
4 56(7
0 )5 ) 2$$
) 5 )%
" 2$$ ) ) .
& *+, 4
5 2$$ 5 & * 0 )5 *
1
)3 $
.
&
5 ) )
/ " )
/
/
, 2
& 8
) " 6 %
F
1: Association request
2: Association response
"Here is your association ID"
AP
3: Traffic
Client
! 8% *
& &9
$ #E :
" 1.3 . $ :
6 5 )
2
#
) )
( ) &
5
) ;
Old AP
3: IAPP
"Please send any
buffered frames
for.."
1: Reassociation request
"My old AP was.."
2: Reassociation response
"I am your new AP, and here is
your new association ID."
Client
New AP
5: (optional)
"Here are some frames
buffered from your old AP."
! ;% *
7
4: IAPP
"Why certainly.."
A
& " & $$ ( A
; %
) ) ) ) ) :
)
) 6 ) ** 1
4 *
*
3
8 ) &9 " )
) ; ) 5 )
& ) 4
/ @
1
BSS
3: Reassociation exchange
AP
2
! @% 7 PQ *& 2 / / PQ '
/= $ K
&'( )
*+
#R7" P6Q *
.) 2 *+
, -
' E *&4
/ P8Q S M" *
< 
Descargar