Dossier From the War of Water till the War of Gas: the Social Movements in Bolivia and the Election of Evo Morales Nicola Neso1 Abstract: Bolivia, the poorest country in South America, presents a complex reality of ancient and virulent conflicts that shaped the election of Evo Morales in 2005. How this leader of coca union organizations came to power? This article attemps an explanation, analyzing the association of combative social movements that, despite their circunstantial claims, knew how to reach an agreement on common goals: the defense of natural resources, and the need of a radical political change. Key words: Bolivia, Evo Morales, Coca War, Water War, Gas War. 1 E-mail: [email protected] Iberofórum. Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Iberoamericana. Año VIII, No. 15. Enero-Junio de 2013. Dossier. pp. 207-232. ISSN: 2007-0675. Universidad Iberoamericana A.C., Ciudad de México. www.uia/iberoforum