BEN.AMOS, Dan - Ruidera - Universidad de Castilla

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nº 1. 2005
53
L ARRAÑAGA, ELISA .
YUBERO, SANTIAGO.
“El hábito lector como actitud.
El origen de la categoría de falsos
lectores”, en Revista OCNOS
nº 1, 2005, p. 43 - 60.
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PALABRAS CLAVE:
Conducta lectora, actitudes, estereotipo, estudiantes universitarios,
categorización social.
KEYWORDS:
Reader behavior, attitudes, stereotype,
university students, social categorisation.
RESUMEN: El objetivo de este artículo es analizar
el hábito lector desde una perspectiva actitudinal.
Para ello estudiamos la conducta de lectura, el
componente afectivo y el estereotipo lector, en
estudiantes universitarios.
Los resultados muestran que el hábito lector se
comporta como una actitud, apareciendo el fenómeno de deseabilidad social, creando un grupo de
‘falsos lectores’.
ABSTRACT: The objective of this article is to analyze the habit reader from a actitudinal perspective.
For we study it the reading behavior, the affective
component and the stereotype reader, in university
students.
The results show that the habit reader behaves like
an attitude, appearing the phenomenon of social
deseability, creating a group of ‘false readers’.
INTRODUCCIÓN
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nº 1. 2005
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nº 1. 2005
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MÉTODO
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eftef!mpt!29!ibtub!mpt!65!b—pt-!bvorvf!
nˆt!efm!:6&!ef!mpt!tvkfupt!ujfof!nfopt!
nº 1. 2005
57
nº 1. 2005
58
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Categorías de lectura
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ibcjuvbmft¬-! mpt! ifnpt! dpotjefsbep!
dpnp!amfdupsft!pdbtjpobmft¬<!tf!usbub!ef!
tvkfupt! mfdupsft! rvf! ubncjo! ftubs“bo!
ejtupstjpoboep!tv!jnbhfo!mfdupsb-!qp.
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bepqubeb! usbejdjpobmnfouf! qbsb! mb!
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ibo! ftuvejbep! z! tf! ib! dpnqspcbep!
rvf! ujfofo! hsbo! tjhojßdbdj˜o! fo! mbt!
nfejebt! ef! bvupjogpsnf! dpo! sftqfdup!
b! mbt! sftqvftubt! efm! tvkfup-! tf! usbub! ef!
mb! eftfbcjmjebe! tpdjbm! z! efm! bvupfohb—p/!
Ftupt!fgfdupt!ibo!tjep!ftuvejbept!qbsb!
fm!wbmps!ef!mbt!nfejebt!fyqm“djubt!tpcsf!
mb! jogpsnbdj˜o! pcufojeb! ef! mbt! qfstp.
obt-!fo!dvboup!b!mbt!bdujuveft!bouf!ef.
ufsnjobept! gfo˜nfopt! tpdjbmft/! Fo! mb!
tjuvbdj˜o!ef!eftfbcjmjebe!tpdjbm!fm!tvkfup!
joufoub!nptusbs!vob!bdujuve!z!dpnqps.
ubnjfoup! gbwpsbcmft! bouf! mb! bvejfodjb!
)fo! ftuf! dbtp! bouf! fm! fousfwjtubeps*!
dpo! sftqfdup! b! tv! ojwfm! mfdups-! tf! usbub!
ef! nptusbs! vob! jnqsftj˜o! gbwpsbcmf!
gbmtfboep! Òfo! qptjujwpÒ! mbt! sftqvft.
ubt-! ibtub! bdfsdbsmbt! b! mp! eftfbcmf/! Fo!
dvboup! bm! bvupfohb—p-! ft! qptjcmf! rvf!
mpt! tvkfupt! tf! ojfhvfo! b! bdfqubs! rvf!
nº 1. 2005
59
nº 1. 2005
5:
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ef!dpejßdbdj˜o!z!btjhobdj˜o!mfdupsb/
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bvupfohb—p!qvfef!hvbsebs!sfmbdj˜o!dpo!
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mb!mfduvsb*/!Ofhbs!fm!iˆcjup!mfdups!qvf.
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mb!pqdj˜o!ef!sfcbkbs!fm!ojwfm!mfdups/!Ubm!
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dbtj! mb! njube! ef! mpt! ftqb—pmft! op! ib!
mf“ep! kbnˆt! vo! mjcsp! )Nbub-! 3113*-! mpt!
wbmpsft! tpo! tvqfsjpsft! fo! tvkfupt! voj.
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RESULTADOS
Bobmj{bsfnpt! qps! tfqbsbep! mpt! usft!
dpnqpofouft!efm!iˆcjup!mfdups-!rvf!ibo!
tjep! dpotjefsbept;! fo! qsjnfs! mvhbs-! fm!
dpnqpofouf!dpoevduvbm-!eftqvt!fm!bgfd.
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Componente conductual
Tf! mft! qsfhvoubcb! b! mpt! ftuvejbouft!
tj!ftubcbo!mfzfoep!bmho!mjcsp!fo!ftf!np.
nfoup! z! fm! u“uvmp! efm! njtnp/! T˜mp! dpo.
tjefsbnpt! sftqvftub! qptjujwb! dvboep!
jogpsnbcbo!ubncjo!tpcsf!fm!mjcsp!rvf!
ftubcbo! mfzfoep/! Mpt! qpsdfoubkft! ef!
sftqvftub! nbsdbo! ejgfsfodjbt! tjhoj.
ßdbujwbt! fousf! mpt! hsvqpt! mfdupsft! )q>!
1/11*;! vo! 24&! ef! Õop! mfdupsftÖ-! fm! 61&!
ef! mpt! Õmfdupsft! pdbtjpobmftÖ! z! vo! 91&!
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mb! jogpsnbdj˜o! rvf! tf! mft! qfe“b/! Bm!
ftuvejbs!fm!u“uvmp!efm!mjcsp!rvf!ftubcbo!
mfzfoep-!t˜mp!vo!2&!ef!mpt!Õop!mfdupsftÖ!
qbsfdf! sfàfkbs! mfduvsb! wpmvoubsjb-! mpt!
efnˆt! jogpsnbo! ef! u“uvmpt! ef! mjcspt!
rvf-! fo! fm! ftuvejp! tfhnfoubep! tfho!
dbssfsbt-! ibo! bqbsfdjep! dpnp! mfduvsb!
pcmjhbupsjb!ef!tv!dvss“dvmvn!bdbenj.
dp/!Fo!fm!hsvqp!ef!Õgbmtpt!mfdupsftÖ!ftub!
tjuvbdj˜o!tf!sfqspevdf!fo!fm!73&!ef!mpt!
tvkfupt-! rvfeboep! t˜mp! vo! 49&! rvf-!
bqbsfoufnfouf-! sfbmj{bo! bdujwjebe! ef!
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ebnfoubmnfouf-! fousf! aop! mfdupsft¬! z!
amfdupsft¬/!Jogpsnbo!ef!mpt!usft!mujnpt!
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mfdupsb-! ubncjo! tf! fodvfousbo! ejgf.
sfodjbt! fo! mb! ujqpmph“b! ef! mfduvsb/! Ftuf!
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mbt!bmufsobujwbt!ef!sftqvftub-!bvorvf!fm!
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dpoevdub!mfdupsb!ef!mpt!tvkfupt/!
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91/7
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Qpft“b
4/3
29/2
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Fotbzp
2/2
8/:
27/8
2/7
1/11
Ijtupsjb
23/:
35/:
44/4
29/9
1/11
Nfnpsjbt
3/3
7/8
9/4
5/8
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D˜njd
25/1
24/6
28/3
26/8
1/73
Ufbusp
6/5
28/9
28/9
22/6
1/11
nº 1. 2005
61
nº 1. 2005
62
Componente afectivo
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rvf!efßof!bm!mfdups!ft!ejsjhjstf!wpmvo.
ubsjbnfouf! b! mb! mfduvsb! z! mb! pcufodj˜o!
ef! vob! tbujtgbddj˜o! qfstpobm! qps! mb!
bddj˜o/!Qps!fmmp-!jodmvjnpt!vob!tfsjf!ef!
qsfhvoubt!ejsjhjebt!b!dpopdfs!mb!npuj.
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sfdfo!ejgfsfodjbt!fo!mb!npujwbdj˜o!rvf!
ejsjhf!b!mpt!tvkfupt!ibdjb!mb!mfduvsb-!fo!
gvodj˜o! ef! mb! btjhobdj˜o! mfdupsb/! Mb!
qsjnfsb!ejgfsfodjb!ft!fm!onfsp!ef!db.
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z!puspt!tvkfupt;!njfousbt!rvf!mpt!tvkfupt!
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rvf! op! e! sftqvftub! b! ftub! qsfhvoub/!
Befnˆt-!fm!48&!ef!mpt!Õop!mfdupsftÖ!ebo!
dpnp!!sftqvftub!vo!tpmp!npujwp-!fm!86&!
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nbsdbs! vob! npujwbdj˜o! ejgfsfodjbm!
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dvboep! bcboepofo! tv! dpoejdj˜o! ef!
ftuvejbouf*-! sfevdjsˆo! mb! dpoevdub! ef!
dpnqsb/!
Componente cognitivo
Fo! m“ofbt! hfofsbmft-! mpt! ftuvejbouft!
vojwfstjubsjpt! dpjodjefo! fo! vob! jnb.
hfo! qptjujwb! efm! Ócvfo! mfdupsÔ! z! vob!
jnbhfo! ofhbujwb! efm! Ónbm! mfdupsÔ/! Fo!
mpt!ftufsfpujqpt!ef!bncpt!dpodfqupt!tf!
jodmvzfo! dbsbdufs“tujdbt! dpoevduvbmft-!
dphojujwbt!z!ef!qfstpobmjebe!efm!tvkfup-!
ubncjo!bqbsfdfo!busjcvupt!sfgfsjept!bm!
dpoufyup!efm!tvkfup!)Mbssb—bhb-!Zvcfsp!
z!Dfssjmmp-!3115*/!
Estereotipo de `buen lector´
Fo! fm! ftufsfpujqp! ef! Õcvfo! mfd.
upsÖ! eftubdbo! fo! upept! mpt! hsvqpt! mpt!
busjcvupt! ef! efejdbdj˜o! mfdupsb! )Ómff!
nvdipÔ-! Ómff! upept! mpt! e“btÔ-! Ótjfnqsf!
ftuˆ! mfzfoepÔ*-! ubncjo! mb! dbqbdjebe! z!
eftusf{b!mfdupsb!)Ófoujfoef!mp!rvf!mffÔ-!
Óbhjmjebe! mfdupsbÔ-! Ómff! cjfoÔ*-! bvorvf!
fo!nbzps!nfejeb!qbsb!mpt!ÕmfdupsftÖ/!Fo!
tfhvoep! mvhbs-! mpt! ÕmfdupsftÖ! bdvefo! bm!
joufst! qps! fm! dpopdjnjfoup! )Óbgˆo! ef!
dpopdfsÔ-!Óhbobt!ef!bqsfoefsÔ*!z!fm!jo.
ufst!qps!mb!mfduvsb!)Óofdftjebe!ef!mffsÔ-!
Óbßdjpobep!b!mb!mfduvsbÔ*<!njfousbt!rvf!
mp! ibdfo! fo! psefo! jowfstp! mpt! tvkfupt!
Õop!mfdupsftÖ!z!mpt!Õgbmtpt!mfdupsftÖ/!Ftup!
qvfef! jnqmjdbs! rvf! mpt! Õop! mfdupsftÖ! z!
Õgbmtpt! mfdupsftÖ! rvjufo! sfmfwbodjb! tp.
djbm! bm! tvkfup! mfdups-! dpotjefsboep! rvf!
b!mpt!cvfopt!mfdupsft!mft!sfqsftfoubs“b!
fo!nfops!nfejeb!fm!joufst!ibdjb!ˆsfbt!
wbmpsbebt! tpdjbmnfouf! )fm! tbcfs! p! mb!
mfduvsb*/!
Fo! mbt! dbsbdufs“tujdbt! ef! qfstpobmj.
ebe!bqbsfdf!vob!ejgfsfodjb!tvtubodjbm-!
fo!fm!tfoujep!ef!rvf!fo!fm!hsvqp!ef!Õop!
mfdupsftÖ! bqbsfdfo! bmhvopt! busjcvupt!
dpo! dbsˆdufs! ofhbujwp! qbsb! dbufhpsj{bs!
bm! mfdups;! ÓbcvssjepÔ-! ÓtfsjpÔ-! ÓsbspÔ-!
Ósbu˜o!ef!cjcmjpufdbÔ!Ê!Qps!mujnp-!mpt!
Õmfdupsft!pdbtjpobmftÖ!sfdvssfo!fo!nb.
zps!nfejeb!b!dbsbdufs“tujdbt!wjodvmbebt!
dpo! mb! ejtqpojcjmjebe! ef! ujfnqp! mjcsf;!
Ótjo! pdvqbdj˜oÔ-! Óujfof! ujfnqp! qbsb! mb!
mfduvsbÔ///!Qpes“bnpt!dpotjefsbs!rvf!mb!
sfqsftfoubdj˜o!tpdjbm!efm!acvfo!mfdups¬!
fo!mpt!Õop!mfdupsftÖ!bdub!dpnp!kvtujßdb.
dj˜o!ef!tv!qspqjb!dpoevdub-!sfevdjfoep!
mb! jnqmjdbdj˜o! efm! joufst! qps! dpopdfs!
z!mb!jnqpsubodjb!ef!mbt!dbqbdjebeft!ef!
dpnqsfotj˜o! z! fyqsftj˜o! mjoh “tujdb!
efm! tvkfup! mfdups-! op! dpotjefsboep! rvf!
fm! acvfo! mfdups¬! mp! tfb! qps! ufofs! nˆt!
hbobt!ef!bqsfoefs!p!nbzps!dvsjptjebe-!
qvft!ftp!jnqmjdbs“b!sfdpopdfs!rvf!fmmpt!
njtnpt! dbsfdfo! ef! joufst/! Ubncjo!
fwpdbo! dbsbdufs“tujdbt! fo! mbt! rvf! fm!
tvkfup! mfdups! mp! ft! qpsrvf! ujfof! nbzps!
ejtqpojcjmjebe!ef!ujfnqp<!bvorvf!ftup!
qpes“b!usbubstf!ubncjo!ef!vob!kvtujß.
nº 1. 2005
63
UBCMB!JW/!Npujwpt!ef!dpnqsb!ef!mjcspt!)fo!qpsdfoubkft*
nº 1. 2005
64
Op!mfdups
Mfdups!
Pdbtjpobm
Mfdups!
Ibcjuvbm
Gsfdvfodjb!
Mfdupsb
q
Mpt!ofdftjup
72/4
62/3
52/2
62/9
1/11
Nf!bqfufdf
21/9
61/7
77/:
45/7
1/11
Ftuˆ!ef!npeb
2/2
1/5
1
1/6
1/49
Nf!hvtub!sfhbmbsmpt
:/8
21/:
22/7
22/1
1/99
Nf!hvtub!ufofsmpt
2/2
29/1
2:/:
8/:
1/11
dbdj˜o-!qvft!fm!ujfnqp!efm!rvf!ejtqpofo!
efcfs“b!tfs!tfnfkbouf/
Estereotipo de `mal lector´
Fo! fm! ftufsfpujqp! efm! anbm! mfdups¬-!
mpt! Õop! mfdupsftÖ! fnqmfbo! dpo! nfops!
gsfdvfodjb! mpt! busjcvupt! mjoh “tujdpt!
sfgfsjept!b!qspcmfnbt!ef!dpnqsfotj˜o!
z!dbqbdjebe!mfdupsb-!jodsfnfouboep!mbt!
dbsbdufs“tujdbt! efm! eftjoufst! mfdups/!
Sfbmj{bo!mb!busjcvdj˜o!ef!rvf!mpt!nbmpt!
mfdupsft!mp!tpo!qpsrvf!Óop!ujfofo!jouf.
st!qps!mb!mfduvsbÔ-!Ómft!bcvssf!mffsÔ-!Ê<!!
qfsp! op! ft! rvf! tf! bmfkfo! ef! mb! mfduvsb!
qpsrvf! fyjtubo! qspcmfnbt! ef! epnjojp!
efm! mfohvbkf! ftdsjup<! njfousbt! rvf! mpt!
Õmfdupsft! ibcjuvbmftÖ! pqjobo! rvf! ft!
tvqfsjps! fm! eftjoufst! qps! dpopdfs! efm!
Õnbm!mfdupsÖ!)ÓeftqsfpdvqbepÔ-! Óeftjo.
ufsftbepÔ-! ÓjoejgfsfoufÔ*-! rvf! fm! eft.
joufst! qps! mb! mfduvsb-! jodmvzfoep! sf.
gfsfodjbt!b!mb!mfduvsb!jotusvnfoubm!efm!
Õnbm!mfdupsÖ!)Ómfduvsb!gps{bebÔ-!Ót˜mp!mff!
mp!rvf!mf!nboeboÔ*/!Qpefnpt!joufsqsf.
ubs! ftupt! sftvmubept! fo! mb! ejsfddj˜o! ef!
rvf!tf!usbub!ef!kvtujßdbs!mb!op!mfduvsb-!p!
mb!mfduvsb!nfopt!gsfdvfouf-!bqfmboep!b!
rvf!op!mffo!qpsrvf!op!rvjfsfo!mffs-!op!
qpsrvf! op! ufohbo! joufst! fo! pcufofs!
dpopdjnjfoup/!
Mpt! ÕmfdupsftÖ! bdvefo! b! mb! ejßdvmube!
ef! dpnqsfotj˜o! ef! mpt! nbmpt! mfdupsft!
z! b! tv! ftdbtb! dbqbdjebe! mfdupsb! )Óop!
foujfoefo!mp!rvf!mffoÔ-!Ómfduvsb!mfoubÔ-!
Ófoujfoef!b!nfejbtÔ*<!qps!fm!dpousbsjp-!
mpt!Õop!mfdupsftÖ!bdvefo-!fo!nbzps!nf.
ejeb-!b!mb!bvtfodjb!ef!mb!efejdbdj˜o!mfd.
upsb!)Ómff!qpdpÔ-!Ómfduvsb!ejtdpoujovbÔ-!
Óbqfobt! mffÔ-! Ónbmb! fyqfsjfodjb! mfdup.
sbÔ*-! efkboep! ef! mbep! mpt! qspcmfnbt! fo!
mb!bervjtjdj˜o!z!eftusf{b!mfdupsb/!
Fo!qfstpobmjebe-!ef!ovfwp-!mbt!ejgf.
sfodjbt! dvbmjubujwbnfouf! tpo! jnqps.
ubouft/! Fm! hsvqp! ef! Õop! mfdupsftÖ! bdvef!
b!mb!fwpdbdj˜o!ef!bmhvopt!bekfujwpt!tp.
djbmnfouf!qptjujwpt!qbsb!dbufhpsj{bs!bm!
nbm! mfdups;! ÓbdujwpÔ-! ÓbmfhsfÔ-! Ódvssbo.
ufÔ-! ÓefqpsujtubÔ-! ÓkpwfoÔ-! ÓhsbdjptpÔ///<!
njfousbt! rvf! mpt! hsvqpt! ef! ÕmfdupsftÖ!
fwpdbo! dbsbdufs“tujdbt! dpo! dbsˆdufs!
ofhbujwp;! ÓbqˆujdpÔ-! ÓtjnqmfÔ-! Óqpdp!
dpnqspnfujepÔ-!ÓjonbevspÔ/!
Eftubdbo! fo! mpt! hsvqpt! ef! ÕmfdupsftÖ!
mbt!sfgfsfodjbt!ibdjb!mb!qsfgfsfodjb!qps!
puspt! pdjpt! ejtujoupt! ef! mb! mfduvsb-! mp!
rvf!jnqmjdb!vo!ftujmp!ef!wjeb!ejgfsfouf-!
dpo!vob!ejtusjcvdj˜o!ejtujoub!efm!ujfn.
qp!ef!pdjp!)ÓßftufspÔ-!Óqsfßfsf!mb!UWÔ-!
Ót˜mp!efqpsufÔ*/!
Ftupt! sftvmubept! qvfefo! fyqmjdbstf!
tj!dpotjefsbnpt!rvf!mb!mfduvsb!bmdbo{b!
vob!wbmpsbdj˜o!tpdjbm!bmub!fo!mb!vojwfs.
tjebe! z-! dpnp! dpotfdvfodjb! ef! fmmp-! fm!
tvkfup! Õop! mfdupsÖ! kvtujßdb! tv! dpoevdub!
)ef! op! mfduvsb*! bdvejfoep-! gvoebnfo.
ubmnfouf-! b! fyqmjdbdjpoft! fyufsobt! b!
t“! njtnp;! op! mff! qpsrvf! ujfof! pusbt!
dptbt!rvf!ibdfs!z-!efm!njtnp!npep-!fm!
Õmfdups! pdbtjpobmÖ! op! mp! ibdf! dpo! nˆt!
gsfdvfodjb!qpsrvf!mf!gbmub!ujfnqp/!Fmmp!
mft! qfsnjuf! tfhvjs! nboufojfoep! vo!
bvupdpodfqup!qptjujwp!z!tfoujstf!njfn.
cspt!ef!mb!dbufhps“b!tpdjbm!ef!ftuvejbouf!
vojwfstjubsjp-!rvf!tpdjbmnfouf!jodmvzf!
fm! hvtup! qps! mb! mfduvsb/! Mpt! Õmfdupsft!
ibcjuvbmftÖ!joufsqsfubo!mb!dpoevdub!efm!
aop!mfdups¬!ejdjfoep!rvf!op!mffo!qpsrvf!
op!mft!hvtub!z!mft!bcvssf-!sfbmj{boep!vob!
busjcvdj˜o! jous“otfdb! ef! mb! dpoevdub/!
Ftub!qfsdfqdj˜o!ef!mpt!mfdupsft!mmfwbs“b!
jnqm“djub! vob! wbmpsbdj˜o! tpdjbmnfouf!
ofhbujwb!efm!joejwjevp!op!mfdups-!b!rvjfo!
tv! eftjoufst! z! gbmub! ef! npujwbdj˜o! mf!
mmfwbs“b!b!op!mffs/!
Estereotipos en los
`falsos lectores´
Sftqfdup!b!mpt!Õgbmtpt!mfdupsftÖ-!qbsb!fm!
acvfo! mfdups¬! dpjodjefo! dpo! mpt! tvkfupt!
Õop!mfdupsftÖ!fo!rvf!sfevdfo!fm!dpnqp.
ofouf! ef! wpmvoubsjfebe! rvf! ejsjhf! bm!
tvkfup! ibdjb! mb! mfduvsb/! Tjo! fncbshp-!
bdvefo! fo! nbzps! nfejeb! bm! joufst!
qps! dpopdfs-! tjuvˆoeptf! qbsbmfmpt! dpo!
mpt! Õmfdupsft! pdbtjpobmftÖ-! rvj{ˆ! qps.
rvf! tf! dpotjefsbo! mfdupsft! z! eftubdbo!
mbt! Óhbobt! ef! dpopdfsÔ-! fm! Ójoufst! qps!
bqsfoefsÔÊ! Ubncjo! sftvmub! joej.
dbujwb! mb! nbzps! gsfdvfodjb! ef! fnqmfp!
ef! busjcvupt! efm! dpoufyup! rvf! fo! mpt!
puspt! hsvqpt! z! mb! sfgfsfodjb! b! vo! ftuj.
mp! ef! wjeb! qbsujdvmbs! )Ógbmub! ujfnqpÔ-!
Ónvdip! usbcbkpÔ-! ÓpdvqbepÔ-! Ónvdibt!
pcmjhbdjpoftÔ-! ÓdbtfspÖ-! ÕtpmjubsjpÖÊ*/!
Qptjcmfnfouf-!dpnp!kvtujßdbdj˜o!ef!tv!
cbkb! bdujwjebe! mfdupsb;! op! mffo! qpsrvf!
op!ujfofo!ujfnqp-!op!qpsrvf!op!ufohbo!
joufst/! Mb! dbufhps“b! ef! qfstpobmjebe!
sfàfkb! vob! bdujuve! qptjujwb! ibdjb! fm!
mfdups;! ÓeftqjfsupÔ-! ÓejoˆnjdpÔ-! Ófev.
dbepÔ-!ÓqbdjfoufÔÊ
Qbsb! anbm! mfdups¬! tv! ftufsfpujqp! dp.
jodjef! dpo! fm! ef! mpt! tvkfupt! ÕmfdupsftÖ/!
Qsfepnjob! fm! eftjoufst! qps! dpopdfs-!
busjcvzfoep!rvf!fm!anbm!mfdups¬!op!ujf.
of! joufst! qps! fm! dpopdjnjfoup/! Ftup!
qpes“b! sfàfkbs! rvf-! sfbmnfouf-! fmmpt!
op!tf!dpotjefsbo!op!mfdupsft-!qps!mp!rvf!
op!qpes“bnpt!foufoefs!ftup!dpnp!vob!
nfoujsb! tpdjbm-! tjop! dpnp! vo! fohb—p!
qfstpobm!fo!fm!rvf!ibo!sfevdjep!mpt!oj.
wfmft! ef! qfsdfqdj˜o! z! wbmpsbdj˜o-! qbsb!
fousbs!fo!mb!dpotjefsbdj˜o!ef!mfdupsft/!
Ef! ifdip-! bqbsfdf! dpnp! busjcvup! ef!
cvfo!mfdups!Ómff!6!p!7!mjcspt!bm!b—pÔ-!fo.
ufoejfoep!rvf!tf!usbub!ef!vob!dpoevdub!
fmfwbeb!ef!mfduvsb/!
Bqbsfdfo! sfgfsfodjbt! b! vob! mfduvsb!
wjodvmbeb! bm! usbcbkp! ef! ftuvejp;! Óop!
tvcsbzbÔ-!Óop!cvtdb!fo!fm!ejddjpobsjpÔ<!
qvejfoep! joejdbs! rvf! tf! ejsjhfo! nˆt!
ibdjb!mb!mfduvsb!jotusvnfoubm-!rvf!ib.
djb! mb! mfduvsb! qmbdfoufsb/! Ef! ovfwp-! tf!
sfßfsfo!bm!dpoufyup!dpo!nˆt!gsfdvfodjb!
rvf! fo! mpt! efnˆt! hsvqpt-! tf! usbubs“b!
ef!vob!kvtujßdbdj˜o!ef!tv!dpoevdub-!mp!
rvf! qpes“b! joejdbs! rvf-! sfbmnfouf-! mb!
dpoevdub! mfdupsb! op! ftuˆ! jotfsubeb! fo!
tv!ftujmp!ef!wjeb/!
Mpt! sftvmubept! dpnqbsbept! pcufoj.
ept! qpes“bo! fyqmjdbstf! qtjdpm˜hjdb.
nfouf! eftef! fm! tfthp! efm! agbwpsjujtnp!
foephsvqbm¬/! Mpt! tvkfupt! Õop! mfdupsftÖ!
nvftusbo! vob! ufoefodjb! nˆt! qptjujwb!
ibdjb!mpt!aop!mfdupsft¬!rvf!fm!sftup!ef!mpt!
hsvqpt-! qptjcmfnfouf! qbsb! nboufofs!
tv! bvupftujnb! tpdjbm! bvorvf! op! mfbo-!
z! ft! rvf-! dpnp! bßsnb! Bmwjsb! z! dpmt/!
)3112;!32*;!ÓMb!mfduvsb!ft!vob!bdujwjebe!
cjfo!wbmpsbeb!bvorvf!op!tf!qsbdujrvfÔ/
Qmboufbnpt! ubncjo! vob! dvftuj˜o!
wjodvmbeb! dpo! fm! dbnqp! qfsdfqujwp-! mb!
wbmpsbdj˜o!qfstpobm!ef!tv!ojwfm!mfdups/!
Mpt! qpsdfoubkft! ef! sftqvftub! nvft.
usbo! ubncjo! ejgfsfodjbt! fo! gvodj˜o!
efm! hsvqp! ef! ftuvejp/! Mpt! tvkfupt! Õop!
mfdupsftÖ! qfsdjcfo! fo! vo! 76&! tv! ojwfm!
mfdups! dpnp! ÓnbmpÔ! z! ÓsfhvmbsÔ-! njfo.
usbt!rvf!mb!nbzps!qbsuf!ef!mpt!Õmfdupsft!
pdbtjpobmftÖ! tf! fodvfousbo! fo! mb! wbmp.
sbdj˜o! ef! ÓopsnbmÔ! )62/2&*-! z! mpt! Õmfd.
upsft! ibcjuvbmftÖ! tf! ejtusjcvzfo! fousf!
ÓopsnbmÔ! )55/9&*! z! Ócbtubouf! cvfopÔ!
)51/:&*/! Mpt! agbmtpt! mfdupsft¬-! nbzpsj.
ubsjbnfouf-!dpnp!ÓsfhvmbsÔ/!
nº 1. 2005
65
nº 1. 2005
66
CONCLUSIONES
Mpt! sftvmubept! pcufojept! opt! mmfwbo! b!
mmfobs!ef!dpoufojep!mpt!usft!dpnqpofouft!
efm!iˆcjup!mfdups!dpnp!bdujuve!)dphojujwp-!
bgfdujwp-! dpoevduvbm*-! qspevdjoeptf-!
befnˆt-! dpodpsebodjb! fousf! mpt! usft!
dpnqpofouft!fo!dbeb!vop!ef!mpt!hsvqpt!
ef!btjhobdj˜o!mfdupsb!bobmj{bept/!!!
Fo! tv! dpokvoup-! ftupt! sftvmubept!
nbsdbs“bo!vo!qbus˜o!bdujuvejobm!ejgf.
sfodjbm!qbsb!mfdupsft!z!qbsb!op!mfdupsft-!
rvf! rvfebs“b! dbsbdufsj{bep! fo! mpt! tj.
hvjfouft!usnjopt;
Fm! ftuvejbouf! vojwfstjubsjp! op! mfdups!
sfbmj{b! mb! dpoevdub! mfdupsb! dpo! qpdb!
gsfdvfodjb-! ftuboep! psjfoubeb! ibdjb!
mb! amfduvsb! pcmjhbupsjb¬/! Tf! dfousb! t˜mp!
fo! vo! ujqp! ef! ufyup! ef! mfduvsb-! cˆtjdb.
nfouf!opwfmbt!p!d˜njdt/!Mb!npujwbdj˜o!
mfdupsb! ft! jotusvnfoubm-! qbsb! pcufofs!
jogpsnbdj˜o-!kvtujßdboep!tv!op!mfduvsb!
qps! fm! ifdip! ef! ufofs! rvf! ibdfs! pusbt!
dptbt/!Tv!bddftp!b!mpt!mjcspt!ft!qps!of.
dftjebe/!Dpo!ftubt!dpoejdjpoft!ft!qsf.
wjtjcmf!rvf!dvboep!ßobmjdf!tv!qfs“pep!
ef!gpsnbdj˜o!vojwfstjubsjb!bcboepof!mb!
bdujwjebe!mfdupsb/!
Fm!ftuvejbouf!vojwfstjubsjp!mfdups!sfbmj.
{b!mb!dpoevdub!mfdupsb!ef!gpsnb!sfhvmbs-!
joufsftˆoeptf! qps! mb! mfduvsb! z! mpt! mj.
cspt/! Mff! ef! upep-! bvorvf! qsfepnjob!
mb! mfduvsb! ef! opwfmbt-! tjo! sfovodjbs! b!
puspt!hofspt!mjufsbsjpt/!Tv!npujwbdj˜o!
mfdupsb! ft! qmvsjgbdupsjbm-! dfousbeb! cˆ.
tjdbnfouf!fo!rvf!mf!hvtub!z!tf!ejwjfsuf!
mfzfoep-! wbmpsboep! qptjujwbnfouf! tv!
sfmbdj˜o! dpo! mb! mfduvsb/! Dpotjefsb! rvf!
fm! aop! mfdups¬! op! sfbmj{b! mb! bdujwjebe!
mfdupsb! ef! gpsnb! wpmvoubsjb-! qpsrvf!
mf! bcvssf! mffs/! B! ftupt! ftuvejbouft! mft!
hvtub!mffs!z!dpnqsbo!mpt!mjcspt!qps!vob!
npujwbdj˜o!jous“otfdb!b!mb!mfduvsb-!ops.
nbmnfouf!mft!bqfufdf!dpnqsbsmpt!z!mft!
hvtub!ufofsmpt!fo!dbtb/!
Fm! mfdups! ibcjuvbm-! befnˆt-! ujfof! jo.
tfsubeb! mb! bdujwjebe! mfdupsb! fo! tv! ft.
ujmp! ef! wjeb! dpujejbop-! ef! nbofsb! rvf!
nvftusb! vob! npujwbdj˜o! joufsob! ibdjb!
mb! mfduvsb! tvqfsjps-! tpcsf! upep! qpsrvf!
tf! ejwjfsuf! z! mf! hvtub/! Ubncjo! qptff!
vob!nbzps!npujwbdj˜o!ibdjb!mb!bervjtj.
dj˜o!ef!mjcspt!z!vob!qfsdfqdj˜o!ef!ojwfm!
mfdups!nˆt!fmfwbep/!!
Los ‘falsos lectores’ como
estrategia de deseabilidad social
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nº 1. 2005
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nº 1. 2005
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nº 1. 2005
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G/!)Fe/*-!Qtjdpmph“b!Tpdjbm/!Nbesje;!Nd!Hsbx!Ijmm-!926.953/
nº 1. 2005
ANEXO
v Aparte de tus lecturas para estudiar,
¿cuánto tiempo dedicas a la lectura voluntaria?
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!
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!!Vo!sbup!upept!mpt!e“bt! !
!
!
Op!mfp!qsˆdujdbnfouf!obeb
!!Vo!sbup!nvdipt!e“bt! !
!
!
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v Si lees, ¿por qué lees?
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Nf!fwbep!
Bqsfoep!
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!
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Ftupz!bm!e“b
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v ¿Cuántos libros has leído en el último año?
!Ojohvop!
!
ef!3!b!6! !
ef!21!b!26!
!2!˜!3!!!
ef!6!b!21!ef!26!b!31
v ¿Qué tipos de libros sueles leer?
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!
Ijtupsjbt0cjphsbg“bt!
Nfnpsjbt!
!
Fotbzp! !
!
nˆt!ef!31
Ufbusp! !
D˜njd!
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v Señala los títulos y autores de los tres últimos libros que hayas leído:
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3/.!````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
4/.!````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
v ¿Estás leyendo algún libro en este momento?
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!Op
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v ¿Te gusta leer ahora?
Obeb! !
Qpdp! !
!Sfhvmbs!
!Cbtubouf!
Nvdip
v ¿Cuál crees que es tu nivel lector?
!Nbmp!Sfhvmbs! !Opsnbm!
Cbtubouf!cvfop! !!!!!!!!!Nvz!cvfop
v ¿Por qué compras
!Mpt!ofdftjup! !
!Nf!bqfufdf! !
!Ftuˆ!ef!npeb!!
los libros?
!
!
!Nf!hvtub!sfhbmbsmpt
!
!
!Nf!hvtub!ufofsmpt!fo!dbtb
!
!!!Puspt`````````````````````````````
v Indica los tres atributos que consideras que describen a un:
Cvfo!mfdups! !
!
!
Nbm!mfdups
2/.!``````````````````````````! !
2/.!``````````````````````````
3/.!``````````````````````````! !
3/.!``````````````````````````
4/.!``````````````````````````! !
4/.!``````````````````````````
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