Tabla de termodinámica

Ecuación de los gases perfectos PV = nRT
Primer principio dQ = dW + dU = PdV + ncv dT
dQ PdV ncv dT nRdV ncv dT
=
+
=
+
Entropía dS =
T
T
T
V
T
Trabajo
Calor
TERMODINAMICA
Ecuación
Relación de Mayer c p − cv = R
Coeficiente adiabático γ =
Energía interna
cp
cv
Entropía
Diagrama
Clapeyron
∆S1→2 = nc p L
Isóbaro
( dP = 0 )
( P = Cte )
W1→2 = P(V2 − V1 ) =
V1 T1
=
V2 T2
Q1→2 = nc p (T2 − T1 )
∆U 1→2 = ncv (T2 − T1 )
= nR(T2 − T1 )
= nc p L
W1→2 = 0
P1 T1
=
P2 T2
Q1→2 = ncv (T2 − T1 )
∆U 1→2 = ncv (T2 − T1 )
= nc v L
V
Adiabático
( dQ = 0 )
(Q = 0 )
P1
P2
V2
V2
nRT
L
nRT
L
W
=
nRT
L
=
Q
=
nRT
L
=
→
→
1
2
1
2
P1V1 = P2V2 = nRT
P2
P2
V1
V1
P1V1γ = P2V2γ
T1V1γ −1 = T2V2γ −1
1−γ
γ
1 1
TP
1−γ
γ
2
= T2 P
W1→2 = ncv (T1 − T2 ) =
=
P2V2 − P1V1
1−γ
∆U 1→2 = 0
= nRL
T2
=
T1
P
P2
P1
∆S1→2 = nRL
Isotermo
( dT = 0 )
( T = Cte )
P
V2
V1
∆S1→2 = ncv L
Isócoro
( dV = 0 )
( V = Cte )
T2
=
T1
V
V2
=
V1
P
P1
P2
V
P
Q1→2 = 0
∆U 1→2 = ncv (T2 − T1 )
∆S1→2 = 0
V