El concepto de presión selectiva y la dicotomía próximo

ISSN 0104-4443
Licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons
[T]
El concepto de presión selectiva y la dicotomía
próximo-remoto
[I]
The concept of selective pressure and the proximate-ultimate
dichotomy
[A]
Gustavo Caponi
Doctor en Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), profesor del
Departamento de Filosofía, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), becario del CNPq, Florianópolis
SC - Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]
[R]
Resumen
Las presiones selectivas no son factores ambientales que existan independientemente de
los linajes por ellas afectados. Su existencia y su configuración siempre dependen de las
alternativas de evolución que el propio linaje genera y acepta; y dicha configuración, necesariamente, se va alterando conforme el propio linaje evoluciona. Aclarar eso es muy importante para desestimar algunas reticencias generadas por la dicotomía próximo-remoto.
Esta polaridad continúa siendo un recurso conceptual válido e insustituible para entender
la especificidad de la Biología Evolucionaria. Enmendar algunos equívocos generados por
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
198
CAPONI, G.
Mayr en su caracterización del concepto de causa remota es una alternativa mejor que la de
pensar en abandonar o en relativizar esa distinción.[P] [#]
[K]
Palabras clave: Laland Kevin. Mayr Ernst. Causa remota. Causa próxima. Presión
selectiva.
[B]
Abstract
The selective pressures are not environmental factors that exist independently of the
lineages affected by them. Their existence and their configuration always depend on
the alternatives of evolution that the lineage itself generates and accepts; and that configuration will be necessarily altered as the lineage itself evolves To clarify this point is
important to reject some reserves generated by the proximate-ultimate dichotomy. This
conceptual polarity remains a valid and irreplaceable resource for understanding the
specificity of Evolutionary Biology. To adjust some misunderstandings generated by
Mayr’s characterization of the concept of ultimate cause, is a better alternative than
thinking in to live or in to relativize the distinction. [#]
[K]
Keywords: Laland Kevin. Mayr Ernst. Ultimate cause. Proximate cause. Selective pressure.
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Digo ‘consagrada’, y no ‘enunciada’, porque ella no fue una propuesta original de Ernst Mayr (BEATTY, 1994, p. 346). Fue él, de
todos modos, quien, basándose en ella, delineó la distinción entre una Biología Funcional de causas próximas y una Biología
Evolucionaria de causas remotas (MAYR, 1961, p. 1502; 1993, p. 93); y es a él que debemos atribuirle el hecho de que dicha
dicotomía se haya transformado en una referencia siempre pasible de ser considerada, tanto por biólogos como filósofos de
la Biología (Cf. ARIEW, 2003).
Ver CALLEBAUT et al., 2007; FOLGUERA, 2011; GILBERT et al., 1996; MARTÍNEZ, 2009; MORANGE, 2011.
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
El concepto de presión selectiva y la dicotomía próximo-remoto
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Los autores del artículo son reconocidos biólogos y filósofos de la Biología que cabe mencionar: Kevin Laland; Kim Sterelny;
John Oding-Smee; William Hoppitt; y Tobias Uller.
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
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CAPONI, G.
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Cf. CAPONI, 2008, p. 138.
Cf. CAPONI, 2008, p. 129 ss.
Cf. CAPONI, 2008, p. 128.
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
El concepto de presión selectiva y la dicotomía próximo-remoto
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Cf. SOBER, 1993, p. 8; WEBER, 2004, p. 3.
Cf. CAPONI, 2003, p. 82.
Aludo a lo que Mayr (1982, p.631-2) llama Genética de la transmisión: esa genética de Morgan hoy cooptada por la Genética
Molecular (Cf. MAYR, 1982, p. 808 ss.). La Genética de Poblaciones sí es, claro, una ciencia de causas remotas: ella es un
capítulo de la Biología Evolucionaria (Cf. MAYR, 1982, p. 632; CAPONI, 2003, p. 81).
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
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CAPONI, G.
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Cf. CAPONI: 2008, p. 128; 2011b, p. 98.
Cf. ARTHUR, 2011, p. 339.
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
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Cf. CAPONI, 2008, p. 129 ss.
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
El concepto de presión selectiva y la dicotomía próximo-remoto
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13
14
Cf. FRANCIS, 1990, p. 410; CAPONI, 2010b, p. 58.
Cf. LALAND et al., 2011, p. 1512.
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
205
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CAPONI, G.
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15
Cf. BRANDON, 1990, p. 65.
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
El concepto de presión selectiva y la dicotomía próximo-remoto
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18
Cf. LALAND et al., 2011, p. 1514.
Rev. Filos., Aurora, Curitiba, v. 25, n. 36, p. 197-216, jan./jun. 2013
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Referencias
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<-3-#"+/-25,#& !"#"$%,'AE';cM,'8E'MTc[McK,';<<=E
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