Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija La valoración de los activos de renta fija © Juan Mascareñas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Versión inicial: mayo 1991 - Última versión: marzo 2013 ! !" #$" %&'()$*(+," -%" ./&" 0%,-()(%,'/&" %&1%0$-/&" -%" .$&" %)(&(/,%&" -%" 2%3-$"456.(*$7"8" !" #$" %&'()$*(+," -%" ./&" 0%,-()(%,'/&" %&1%0$-/&" -%" ./&" 6/,/&" %)10%&$0($.%&7"9"" !"#$":$./0$*(+,"-%"./&"6/,/&"$)/0'(;$6.%&"$,'(*(1$-$)%,'%7"<"" !"#$":$./0$*(+,"-%".$&"/6.(=$*(/,%&"*/,:%0'(6.%&7"8<" !"#$"/6.(=$*(+,"*/,:%0'(6.%">"0%&*$'$6.%"$,'(*(1$-$)%,'%7"?<" !"@(6.(/=0$AB$7"?C" ! ! ! Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija !"#$%#&'( )*%+),-#.&#/0'#1&-.)*)&-(0'#&'2&1%.0'#.&#/%'# &*)')0-&'#.&#3&4.%#567/)+% ! ! "#$!%&#%#'()#$!($*+),&!-#$!&('.+)+('*#$!($%(&,.#$!./&,'*(!(-!%&01+)#!,2#!.(!-,$! 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(-! ;('<+)+('*#! $+'! &+($>#! 8/(! <#'$+.(&()#$! )=$! ,%&#%+,.#! D1?E?! <#'! -#! 8/(! *('F .&7,)#$!/',!(</,<+0'!.(-!*+%#B! ! Q Q Q + Pn P= + + ... + ! 2 (1 + k) (1 + k) (1 + k)n ! .#'.(!@!($!+>/,-!,!1?#A#25!! ! ! ! ! 1 M#&!$/%/($*#!8/(!<#)#!*#.,!&(>-,!*+('(!$/$!(1<(%<+#'($5!6$7?!%#&!(:()%-#?!Z(-(H0'+<,!&(,-+30!('!),&3#!.(!QRNU! /',!()+$+0'!.(!9#'#$!DN5RRR!)+--#'($!.(!(/&#$E!,!#<@#!,2#$!8/(!#H&(<7,'!/',!&('*,9+-+.,.!.(-!U?_YS]!+'H(&+#&!,!-,! .(!-,!.(/.,!%G9-+<,!($%,2#-,!,-!)+$)#!%-,3#5 5 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija # ;"#$%#B%/01%+),-#.&#/%'#07/)C%+)0-&'#%*01()D%7/&'#%-()+) 2% E .%*&-(& ! ! ^',! /6.(=$*(+," $)/0'(;$6.%" /" 0%&*$'$6.%" $,'(*(1$-$)%,'%! ($! ,8/A--,! ('! -,! 8/(! $/! ()+$#&! *+('(! (-! .(&(<@#! .(! &(<#)%&,&-,?! ,! /'! %&(<+#! %&(H+:,.#?! ,'*($! .(! $/! ;('<+F )+('*#5!4'!-,!H+>/&,!Y!$(!#9$(&;,'!-,$!</&;,$!%&(<+#c&('.+)+('*#!.(!/',!#9-+>,<+0'! 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(1+$*(E!(-!%&(<+#!.(!)(&<,.#!.(!-,!#9-+>,<+0'!,)#&*+3,9-(!$(!$(%,&,!.(!-,!#*&,!</&;,!J! *+('.(!@,<+,!(-!%&(<+#!.(!&(()9#-$#!,'*+<+%,.#]!($*,!%,&*(!.(-!>&=H+<#!*+('(!/',!H#&F ),!8/(!$(!.('#)+',"*/,:%D(-$-",%=$'(:$!J!($!+'.+<,*+;,!.(!-,!*/)10%&(+,"-%."10%*(/! .(!($*(!*+%#!.(!#9-+>,<+#'($5!4'!<#'<-/$+0'?!$+!-#$!*+%#$!.(!+'*(&A$!,$<+('.('!(-!<#)F %#&*,)+('*#! .(! ,)9#$! *+%#$! .(! 9#'#$! ($! (-! )+$)#?! .+H+&+('.#! $+! ,8/A--#$! .($<('F .+($('5! ! ! O+>5Y!C/&;,$!%&(<+#c&('.+)+('*#!$(>G'!8/(!-,!#9-+>,<+0'!$(,!'#&),-!#!,)#&*+3,9-(!<#'!,'*+<+%,<+0'!('! </,'*#!$/!%&(<+#!,-<,'<(!-,$!NRQ!(/&#$! ! I#$!+';(&$#&($!('!($*(!*+%#!.(!9#'#$!$,-('!%(&:/.+<,.#$!*,'*#!%#&8/(!(-!%&(<+#!.(-! 9#'#!*+('(!/'!e*(<@#f!<#)#!%#&8/(!$(!;('!#9-+>,.#$!,!<#&&(&!/'!&+($>#!.(!&(+';(&F 2 El precio de mercado podría superar el precio de amortización anticipada si aún queda suficiente tiempo para la fecha en que ésta se pueda producir. Lo mismo que les ocurre a las obligaciones normales cuyo precio de mercado puede superar el precio de reembolso si su rendimiento desciende por debajo del tipo de interés del cupón. 6 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija $+0'! </,'.#! (-! 9#'#! ($! &($<,*,.#5! M#&! (--#! ($*,$! #9-+>,<+#'($! $#'! ()+*+.,$! 9,:#! -,! %,&!#!9+('!$(!()+*('!,!-,!%,>,&!%(&#!%,>,'.#!/'!</%0'!$/%(&+#&5! ! 4-! 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C#)#!&,!g!&;!*#),&()#$!<#)#!&('.+)+('*#!.(!-,!#9-+>,<+0'!`?XQNWS5!h*&,!H#&),!.(! <#)%&#9,&-#!<#'$+$*(!('!+>/,-,&!,)9,$!(</,<+#'($?!.($%(:,&!&?!J!<,-</-,&!</=-!($!(-! ! %&(<+#!.(!-,!#9-+>,<+0'!%,&,!.+<@,!&?!<#'!-#!8/(!#9*('.&()#$!(-!.('#)+',.#!10%*(/" -%"*03*%B! ! 5 10 100 10 112 " (1 + r ) j + (1 + r )5 = (1 + r ) + (1 + r )2 # r = 9,207% ! j=1 ! (-!;,-#&!.(!-,!#9-+>,<+0'!%,&,!/'!&('.+)+('*#!.(-!_?QRVS!($!+>/,-!,!NRU?RY`!b!8/(!($! (-! 10%*(/" -%" *03*%5! C#)#! 8/+(&,! 8/(! A$*(! G-*+)#! ($! +'H(&+#&! ,-! %&(<+#! .(! )(&<,.#! ! 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T($<,&>,9-(!('B!@**%Bcckkk5/<)5($c+'H#c:),$c)#'#>&,H5@*) 9 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija 2! </('*,!8/(!,)9#$!*+('('!-,!)+$),!%&#9,9+-+.,.!.(!#</&&('<+,!J!8/(!/c.!a!( !B! ! 2! 2! N&N!a!R?W!N&N/!r!R?W!N&N.!a!R?W!DN&N/!r!N&N.E!a!R?W!1!DN&N.!( !r!N&N.E!a!R?W!N&N.!DN!r!( E! 2! N&N.!a!N&N!p!sR?W!DN!r!( Et! ! 6$7?!%#&!(:()%-#?!$/%#'>,)#$!8/(!!!a!NRS!J!8/(!N&N!a!XS!('*#'<($B! 2! Q!R?N Et!a!R?RX!p!N?NNRV!a!R?RUYRN!a!U?YRS! N&N.!a!N&N!p!sR?W!DNr( Et!a!R?RX!p!sR?W!DN!r!( 2! Q!R?N a!U?YS!( !a!R?RXU_`V!a!X?XRS! N&N/!a!!N&N.!( ! 4'!-,!H+>/&,!V!$(!)/($*&,!(-!<#)+('3#!.(-!=&9#-!9+'#)+,-!<#'!.,*#$!*(0&+<#$!D+38/+(&F .,E!J!<#'!(-!&($/-*,.#!.(-!(:()%-#!,'*(&+#&!D.(&(<@,E5! ! ! O+>5V! ! 4-!$+>/+('*(!%,$#!($!;(&!-#$!%#$+9-($!;,-#&($!.(-!*+%#!,'/,-!,!%-,3#!8/(!&(>+&='!,!-#!-,&F >#!.(-!*(&<(&!,2#!DQ&NE5!4'!-,!H+>/&,!`!$(!%/(.(!#9$(&;,&!<#)#!@,J!*&($!%#$+9-($!;,-#F &($!$(>G'!(-!;,-#&!8/(!@,J,'!*#),.#!-#$!*+%#$!.(!+'*(&A$!(-!,2#!,'*(&+#&]!($#!$7?!@,J! 2! /'!WRS!.(!%&#9,9+-+.,.($!.(!,-<,'3,&!(-!;,-#&!+'*(&)(.+#!DQ&N.!( E!J!/'!QWS!.(!,-F 4! <,'3,&!(-!*+%#!)=$!,-*#!DQ&N.!( E!J!#*&#!*,'*#!.(!,-<,'3,&!(-!)=$!9,:#!DQ&N.E5! ! O+>5`! ! ! h%(&,'.#!.(!-,!)+$),!),'(&,!8/(!,'*($!#9*('.&()#$!(-!;,-#&!.(!Q&N.B! Q! X! Q&N!a!R?QW!Q&N.!r!R?W!Q&N.!( !r!R?QW!Q&N.!( !! Q! X! Q&N.!a!Q&N!p!DR?QW!r!R?W!( !r!R?QW!( E! ! K+?!%#&!(:()%-#?!Q&N!a!X?WS!('*#'<($B! Q!R?N !r!R?QW!(X!R?NE!a!R?RXW!p!N?QUUV!a!R?RUYX`!a!U?YWS! Q&N.!a!R?RXW!p!DR?QW!r!R?W!( 10 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija Q! R?Q Q&N.( !a!U?YWS!( !a!X?XYS!! X! R?X Q&N.( !a!U?YWS!( !a!W?XXS!! ! O+>5_! ! ! T(!-,!)+$),!H#&),!%#.&7,)#$!<,-</-,&!-#$!*+%#$!.(!+'*(&A$!)7'+)#$!.(!-#$!,2#$!%#$F *(&+#&($!-#!8/(!'#$!%&#%#&<+#',&7,!-#$!.,*#$!$+>/+('*($!D@,$*,!(-!*+%#!,!%-,3#!8/(!&(>+F &=!('!(-!,2#!#<*,;#EB! ! ! Q! X! r!R?NQW!(Y E! U&N.!a!U&N!p!DR?NQW!r!R?UVW!( !r!R?UVW!( ! ! Q! X! r!R?QW!(Y r!R?RYQW!(` E! X&N.!a!X&N!p!DR?RYQW!r!R?QW!( !r!R?UVW!( ! ! Q! X! r!R?UNQW!(Y r!R?NWYQW!(` r! W&N.!a!W&N!p!DR?RUNQW!r!R?NWYQW!( !r!R?UNQW!( ! R?RUNQW!(NR E! ! ! Q! X! r!R?UNQW!(Y r!R?QUXUVW!(` r! Y&N.!a!Y&N!p!DR?RNWYQW!r!R?R_UVW!( !r!R?QUXUVW!( ! ! R?R_UVW!(NR r!R?RNWYQW!(NQ E! ! Q! X! r!R?QVUXUVW!(Y r! V&N.!a!V&N!p!DR?RRV`NQW!r!R?RWXY`VW!( !r!R?NYXRYQW!( ! ! ! ! R?QVUXUVW!(` r!R?NYXRYQW!(NR r!R?RWXY`VW!(NQ r!R?RRV`NQW!(NX E! ! C#)#!$(!,%&(<+,!-,$!%&#9,9+-+.,.($!8/(!$(!,$#<+,'!,!<,.,!&($/-*,.#!$(!#9*+('('!)(F .+,'*(!-,!H0&)/-,!.(!-,!.+$*&+9/<+0'!9+'#)+,-!('!-,!8/(!%!J!DNF%E!+'.+<,'!-,$!%&#9,9+-+F .,.($!.(!,$<('$#!J!.($<('$#!DWRS?!('!'/($*&#!<,$#?!%,&,!,)9#$!;,-#&($EB!! ! "m% m-n " 7% n 7-4 0,54 = 0,2734375 ! $ ' p (1 - p) !!!! $ ' 0,5 n 4 # & # & ! 4'! -,! H+>/&,! NR! ,%,&(<(! (-! =&9#-! 9+'#)+,-! 8/(! )#.(-+3,! (-! <#)%#&*,)+('*#! H/*/&#! ($%(&,.#!.(!-#$!*+%#$!.(!+'*(&A$!,'/,-($!./&,'*(!-#$!%&01+)#$!$(+$!,2#$5!! ! ! ! 11 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija ! O+>5NR! ! K+!-#$!*+%#$!,!%-,3#!+)%-7<+*#$!%,&,!-#$!%&+)(&#$!<+'<#!,2#$!$#'!-#$!$+>/+('*($!D$/:(*#$! *#.#$!(--#$!,!/',!;#-,*+-+.,.!.(-!NRS!,'/,-EB! R&N!a!U?US!!!!N&N!a!X?RS!!!!Q&N!a!X?WS!!!!U&N!a!X?VWS!!!!X&N!a!X?_WS!!!!!!!!a!NRS! ! %/(.(!;(&$(!$/!(;#-/<+0'!('!-,$!H+>/&,$!NR!J!NN!D-,!-7'(,!;(&.(!+'.+<,!-,!(;#-/<+0'!.(! -#$!*+%#$!,'/,-($!,!%-,3#E5! ! ! O+>5NN! ! !"#$%&'(&")!(*+%& 9,0% 8,0% 7,0% 6,0% 5,0% 4,0% 3,0% 2,0% 0 1 2 3 4 5 ,-$%& O+>5!NQ! 12 ! Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija ! ;";#$%#B%/01%+),-#.&#/0'#70-0'#01.)-%1)0'# ^',!;(3!8/(!.+$%#'()#$!.(!-,!(;#-/<+0'!.(!-#$!*+%#$!,'/,-($!,!%-,3#!%#.()#$!%&#F <(.(&!,!;,-#&,&!/',!()+$+0'!.(!9#'#$5!K/%#'>,)#$!8/(!.+$%#'()#$!.(!/',!()+$+0'! ,!-,!8/(!-(!8/(.,'!(1,<*,)('*(!<+'<#!,2#$!.(!;+.,?!</J#!;,-#&!'#)+',-!($!.(!NRR!(/F &#$!J!8/(!%,>,!/'!</%0'!,'/,-!.(-!Y?WS5!! ! C#)('3,)#$!%#&!(-!H+',-!.(!$/!;+.,!D(-!8/+'*#!,2#E!.#'.(!$/!%&#%+(*,&+#!&(<+9+&=!(-! '#)+',-!.(-!9#'#!DNRR!bE!)=$!(-!</%0'!DY?W!bE5!^',!;(3!@(<@#!($*#!<,-</-,&()#$!$/! ;,-#&!,-!H+',-!.(-!,2#!X!*('+('.#!('!</('*,!<,.,!/'#!.(!-#$!*+%#$!.(!+'*(&A$!,!%-,3#!.(! 8/(!.+$%#'()#$!%,&,!($(!,2#!J!-,!%&#9,9+-+.,.!.(!,$<('$#!J!.($<('$#!DWRS!('!<,.,! <,$#E]!,$7!%#&!(:()%-#?!%,&,!(-!*+%#!.(!+'*(&A$!.(-!`?`XS!(-!;,-#&!.(-!9#'#!,-!H+',-!.(-! ,2#!X!$(&=!+>/,-!,!D;(&!H+>/&,!NUEB! ! 0,5 (100 + 6,5) + 0,5 (100 + 6,5) P4 = = 97,8! ! 1,0884 ! ! ! O+>5NU! ! K+!&(%(*+)#$!(-!<=-</-#!%,&,!*#.#$!-#$!*+%#$!,!%-,3#!.(-!</,&*#!,2#!#9*('.&()#$!-#! 8/(!,%,&(<(!('!-,!H+>/&,!NX5!! ! O+>5NX! ! ! C#'!-#$!%&(<+#$!.(-!,2#!X!)=$!-#$!</%#'($!&($%(<*+;#$!DY?W!bE!J!-#$!*+%#$!.(!+'*(&A$!,! %-,3#! 8/(! &+>('! ./&,'*(! (-! *(&<(&! ,2#! #9*('.&()#$! -#$! ;,-#&($! .(-! 9#'#! ('! ($*(! G-*+)#!,2#5!\(%+*+('.#!(-!%&#<($#!--(>,&()#$!,!#9*('(&!(-!;,-#&!.(-!9#'#!e(1F</%0'f! ('!-,!,<*/,-+.,.!*,-!J!<#)#!$(!#9$(&;,!('!-,!H+>/&,!NW?!($!.(<+&?!NR_?_!(/&#$5! ! 13 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija ! O+>5NW! ! ;"L#$%#B%/01%+),-#.&#/0'#70-0'#1&'+%(%7/&'# K/%#'>,)#$! 8/(! -,! ()%&($,! ()+$#&,! .(-! 9#'#! ,'*(&+#&! -#! %/(.(! &($<,*,&! %#&! NRQ! (/&#$!,-!H+',-!.(-!Qq!,2#?!%#&!NRN?W!(/&#$!,-!H+',-!.(-!*(&<(&!,2#!J!%#&!NRN!(/&#$!,-!H+F ',-!.(-!</,&*#5!4$*#!%(&:/.+<,!,!$/!%&#%+(*,&+#?!,$7!8/(!(-!;,-#&!.(-!9#'#!&($<,*,9-(! .(9(!$(&!+'H(&+#&!,-!.(-!9#'#!#&.+',&+#5!M,&,!<,-</-,&!(-!;,-#&!.(-!9#'#!&(,-+3,&()#$! /'!<=-</-#!$+)+-,&!,-!8/(!@()#$!;+$*#!('!(-!(%7>&,H(!,'*(&+#&!$0-#!8/(!<,.,!;(3!8/(!(-! 9#'#! %/(.,! $(&! &($<,*,.#! .(9(&()#$! ($<#>(&! (-! ;,-#&! )=$! %(8/(2#! ('*&(! (-! ;,-#&! *(0&+<#!.(-!9#'#!e(1F</%0'f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bE! 14 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija %,&,!;(&!8/A!;,-#&!e(1F</%0'f!H+>/&,&=!('!(-!*(&<(&!,2#!D;A,$(!-,!H+>/&,!NVE5!C#)#!$(! #9$(&;,!(-!&($<,*(!*('.&=!-/>,&!('!*&($!.(!-#$!</,*&#!($<(',&+#$!)#$*&,.#$5! ! O+>5NV! ! ! M,&,!<,-</-,&!(-!;,-#&!.(-!9#'#!$+'!(-!</%0'!,-!H+',-!.(-!$(>/'.#!,2#!&(%(*+&()#$!(-! %&#<($#! ,'*(&+#&! (-+>+('.#! (-! )('#&! ;,-#&! ('*&(! (-! %&(<+#! .(! &($<,*(! ('! ($,! H(<@,! DNRQbE!J!(-!8/(!&($/-*(!.(!<,-</-,&!-,!)(.+,!%#'.(&,.,!,<*/,-+3,.,!.(-!;,-#&!.(-!9#'#! )=$!(-!</%0'!('!(-!,2#!*&($5!C#)#!$(!,%&(<+,!('!-,!H+>/&,!N`!('!.#$!.(!-#$!*&($!($<(F ',&+#$!$(!&($<,*,!(-!9#'#5!K+>/+('.#!(-!%&#<($#!@,$*,!-,!,<*/,-+.,.!DJ,!'#!@,J!)=$!H(F <@,$!.(!&($<,*(E!#9*('()#$!8/(!(-!;,-#&!.(-!9#'#!&($<,*,9-(!($!+>/,-!,!NRV?Q!(/&#$5! ! O+>5N`! ! ! h!.+<@#!.(!#*&,!),'(&,?!(-!;,-#&!.(!-,!#%<+0'!.(!&($<,*(!;,-(!NR_?_!F!NRV?Q!a!Q?V!b5! ! h9$A&;($(!8/(!('!(-!<,$#!.(-!9#'#!#&.+',&+#!-,!*,$,!.(!&('.+)+('*#!@,$*,!(-!;('<+F )+('*#!(&,!+>/,-B!! ! 15 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija 5 109,9 = 6,5 " (1 + r) j=1 j + 100 # r = 4,26% ! (1 + r)5 ! )+('*&,$!8/(!('!(-!<,$#!.(-!9#'#!&($<,*,9-(!($!+>/,-!,B! ! ! 5 6,5 100 107,2 = " # r' = 4,84% ! j + (1 + r')5 j=1 (1 + r') ! ($!.(<+&?!(-!.+H(&('<+,-!('*&(!,)9,$!($!.(!W`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v,! @,! 8/(.,.#! <-,&#! 8/(! -,! #9-+>,<+0'! <#';(&*+9-(! $(! <#)%#'(! .(! /',! #9-+>,<+0'! '#&),-!J!/',!#%<+0'!.(!<#';(&$+0'?!%#&!(--#!$/!;,-#&!*(0&+<#!($!$/%(&+#&!#!+>/,-!,-!.(! /',!#9-+>,<+0'!'#&),-5!4$*#!$(!%/(.(!<#)%&#9,&!,-!#9$(&;,&!<#)#!*,'*#!-#$!</%#'($! <#)#!(-!&('.+)+('*#!@,$*,!(-!;('<+)+('*#!.(!-,$!#9-+>,<+#'($!<#';(&*+9-($!$/(-('!$(&! 19 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija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l!($!-,!*,$,!.(!&('.+)+('*#!)7'+),!&(8/(&+.,EB! ! n C Pn ! P0 = " j + (1 + k)n j=1 (1 + k) ! )+('*&,$!8/(!(-!:$./0"-%"*/,:%0&(+,!('!-,!H(<@,!.(!-,!)+$),!DPC*E!.(%('.(&=!.(-!%&(F <+#! .(! )(&<,.#!!,<*/,-! .(! -,$! ,<<+#'($! .(! -,! <#)%,27,! DKRE?! .(! -,! *,$,! ($%(&,.,! .(! <&(<+)+('*#!,'/,-!J!,</)/-,*+;#!.(!-,$!)+$),$!D>E!J!.(-!&,*+#!.(!<#';(&$+0'!D\CEB! ! * PC*!a!KR!1!DNr>E !1!\C! ! 6$7! 8/(! <#)9+','.#! ,)9,$! (1%&($+#'($! J! $/$*+*/J('.#?! ('! -,! H(<@,! .(! <#';(&$+0'?! -#$! </%#'($! 8/(! &($*,'! %#&! %,>,&! )=$! (-! %&(<+#! .(! &(()9#-$#! %#&! (-! ),J#&! .(! -#$! .#$!$+>/+('*($!;,-#&($B!(-!;,-#&!.(!<#';(&$+0'!DPC*E!J!(-!;,-#&!.(-!9#'#!#&.+',&+#!('!-,! H(<@,! .(! <#';(&$+0'! DM*E?! #9*('.&()#$! (-! ;,-#&! *(0&+<#! .(! -,! #9-+>,<+0'! <#';(&*+9-(! ('!(-!)#)('*#!,<*/,-B! ! 20 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija t P0 = " (1 j=1 Máx [VCt ; Pt ] C ! j + + k) (1 + k)t ! ! ! F<&*2/0N!^',!<#)%,27,!@,!()+*+.#!/',$!#9-+>,<+#'($!<#';(&*+9-($!,!-,$!8/(!-($!8/(F ! .,'!'/(;(!,2#$!@,$*,!$/!;('<+)+('*#?!$/!;,-#&!'#)+',-!($!.(!NRR!(/&#$!J!%,>,!/'! </%0'!.(!NR!(/&#$!,'/,-($5!I,!#9-+>,<+0'!%/(.(!<#';(&*+&$(!%#&!*&($!,<<+#'($!#&.+',F &+,$!/',!;(3!*&,'$</&&+.#$!</,*&#!,2#$!.($.(!,@#&,5!4-!%&(<+#!,<*/,-!.(!-,$!,<<+#'($! .(!-,!<#)%,27,!($!.(!UX!(/&#$!%#&!,<<+0'!J!$(!($%(&,!8/(!<&(3<,!,!/',!*,$,!)(.+,! ,'/,-! J! ,</)/-,*+;,! .(-! VS5! I,! *,$,! .(! .($</('*#! ,%&#%+,.,! ($! .(-! _S5! I,! *,$,! .(! &('.+)+('*#! ,'/,-! )(.+,! .(! -#$! 9#'#$! #&.+',&+#$! $+)+-,&($! ,! A$*(! 8/(! &(>+&=! ('! (-! %(&+#.#!8/(!;,!.($.(!(-!H+',-!.(-!,2#!Xq!@,$*,!(-!H+',-!.(!-,!;+.,!.(!-,!()+$+0'!($!.(-! `S! ,'/,-5! C,-</-,&()#$! (-! %&(<+#! *(0&+<#! .(! -,! #9-+>,<+0'! <#';(&*+9-(! $/%#'+('.#! 8/(!$/!%&#%+(*,&+#!*#),!-,!.(<+$+0'!.(!<#';(&*+&-,?!#!'#?!('!,<<+#'($!('!-,!%&+)(&,! H(<@,!%#$+9-(5! ! 4-!%&(<+#!,<*/,-!.(!-,!#9-+>,<+0'!'#&),-!D'#!$(!#-;+.(!8/(!@,!*&,'$</&&+.#!/'!,2#!.($F .(!-,!()+$+0'?!-/(>#!,!-,!#9-+>,<+0'!-(!8/(.,'!'/(;(!,2#$!.(!;+.,E!($!+>/,-!,B! ! 9 10 100 P0 = " = 106 euros ! j + (1,09)9 j=1 (1,09) ! 4-!%&(<+#!.(!-,!#9-+>,<+0'!'#&),-!,-!H+',-!.(-!</,&*#!,2#!u<#'*,'.#!.($.(!,@#&,F!$(&=! +>/,-!,!D&(</(&.(!X&W!a!`SEB! ! ! 10 10 10 10 110 P4 = + + + + = 108 euros ! 2 3 4 (1,08) (1,08) (1,08) (1,08) (1,08)5 ! 6@#&,!%&#<(.(&()#$!,!<,-</-,&!(-!;,-#&!.(!<#';(&$+0'!.(!-,!()+$+0'!.('*&#!.(!</,*&#! ,2#$?!8/(!($!-,!%&+)(&,!.(!-,$!H(<@,$!%#$+9-($!%,&,!<#';(&*+&!-,!()+$+0'B! ! t 4 VC4 = S0 x (1+g) x RC = 34 x (1,07) x 3 = 133,7 euros ! I/(>#!(-!%&(<+#!+'*&7'$(<#!.(!-,!#9-+>,<+0'!<#';(&*+9-(!$(&=B! ! 4 10 Máx(108;133,7) P0 = " = 127,11 euros ! j + 4 (1,09) (1,09) j=1 ! J?!<#)#!$(!,%&(<+,?!(-!;,-#&!.(!-,!#%<+0'!.(!<#';(&$+0'!($!+>/,-!,!QN?NN!(/&#$!DNQV?NN! F!NRYE5! ! ! ! ! 21 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija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i/<@,$! #9-+>,<+#'($! <#';(&*+9-($! $#'! *,)9+A'! ,)#&*+3,9-($! ,'*+<+%,.,F )('*(!,!>/$*#!.(-!()+$#&!.(!-,$!)+$),$5! ! K+'!()9,&>#?!;,)#$!,!,%-+<,&!(-!)#.(-#!9+'#)+,-!.(!;,-#&,<+0'!.(!#%<+#'($?!<#'!-,! )#.+H+<,<+0'! .(! i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v,! $,9()#$! 8/(! (-! ;,-#&! *(0&+<#! .(! -,! #9-+>,<+0'! '#&),-! D'/(;(! ,2#$! .(! ;+.,! J! /'! &('.+)+('*#! @,$*,! (-! ;('<+)+('*#! .(-! _SE! ($! .(! NRY! (/&#$?! )+('*&,$! 8/(! (-! %&(<+#! ($%(&,.#!.(-!9#'#!.('*&#!.(!</,*&#!,2#$!$(&=!+>/,-!,B!! ! 10 10 10 10 110 P5 = + + + + = 108 euros! 2 3 4 (1,08) (1,08) (1,08) (1,08) (1,08)5 ! C#';(&*+&!-,$!#9-+>,<+#'($!.('*&#!.(!</,*&#!,2#$!+)%-+<,&7,!$,<&+H+<,&!/'#$!H-/:#$!.(! <,:,!;,-#&,.#$!('!NR`!(/&#$!,!<,)9+#!.(!*&($!,<<+#'($?!#!-#!8/(!($!-#!)+$)#?!UY!(/F &#$!%#&!,<<+0'5!4$*(!G-*+)#!($!(-!%&(<+#!.(!(:(&<+<+#!.(!-,!#%<+0'!.(!<#)%&,5!! ! 4'!-,!H+>/&,!QN!$(!)/($*&,!(-!=&9#-!9+'#)+,-!&(%&($('*,*+;#!.(-!;,-#&!,<*/,-!.(!-,$!,<F <+#'($5!4-!=&9#-!$(!@,!<#'$*&/+.#!)/-*+%-+<,'.#!<,.,!;,-#&!%#&!/'!<#(H+<+('*(!.(!,$F ! <('$#!F/F!8/(!($!+>/,-!,!( !1!(>!a!(R?QW! 1!(R?RV!a!N?UVVN!J!%#&!/'#!.(!.($<('$#!F.F!8/(! ! ($!+>/,-!,!(F !1!(>!a!(FR?QW!1!(R?RV!a!R?`UWU5!h9$A&;($(!8/(!('!(-!<=-</-#!.(!,)9#$!<#(H+F <+('*($!$(!@,!+'<-/+.#!-,!*,$,!.(!<&(<+)+('*#!,'/,-!)(.+#!,</)/-,*+;,!8/(?!&(<#&.(F 22 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija )#$?!(&,!.(-!VS5!4-!=&9#-!$(!(1*+('.(!./&,'*(!</,*&#!,2#$5!Z,)9+A'!$(!%/(.(!,%&(F <+,&!<#)#!('!<,.,!,2#!$(!.(*&,(!(-!US!.(-!;,-#&!.(!-,!,<<+0'!('!<#'<(%*#!.(!&(%,&*#! .(!.+;+.('.#$5! ! ! O+>5!QN!w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`?QY!b!$(&=!<#)%,&,.#!<#'!(-!%&(<+#!.(!(:(&<+<+#!UY!b!J!<#)#! ,8/A-!($!),J#&!<,-</-,&()#$!(-!;,-#&!+'*&7'$(<#!.(!-,!#%<+0'!VQ?QY!b5!P(,!('!-,!H+>/&,! QQ!D('!;(&.(E!<#)#!.+<@#!;,-#&!,%,&(<(!(-!%&+)(&#!('!-,!<#-/)',!.(!)=$!,!-,!.(&(F <@,5!K+'!()9,&>#?!$+!(-!;,-#&!.(-!$/9J,<('*(!H/($(!QX?_R!b!,-!$(&!+'H(&+#&!,!-#$!UY!b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onografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija O+>5QQ!P,-#&!.(!-,!#%<+0'!.(!<#)%&,! ! ! 6@#&,!<,-</-,&()#$?!.(!H#&),!&(</&$+;,?!(-!;,-#&!.(!-,!#%<+0'!('!<,.,!/'#!.(!-#$!%(F &7#.#$!)#;+A'.#'#$!.(!.(&(<@,!@,<+,!+38/+(&.,5!M,&,!(--#!%&+)(&,)('*(!.(9(&()#$! <,-</-,&!(-!;,-#&!.(!-,$!e%&#9,9+-+.,.($!'(/*&,-($!,-!&+($>#f!8/(!+'.+<,'!-,$!%#'.(&,F <+#'($!8/(!(-!)#.(-#!,$+>',!,!<,.,!,$<('$#!J!,!<,.,!.($<('$#5!6$7?!-,!%&#9,9+-+.,.! .(!,$<('$#!$(&=?!$+()%&(!8/(!-,!;#-,*+-+.,.!$(!),'*('>,!<#'$*,'*(?!+>/,-!,B! ! 1 + rf " d 1,07 - 0,8353 p= = = 0,4332 = 43,32% u - d 1,3771 - 0,8353 ! )+('*&,$!8/(!-,!.(!<,.,!.($<('$#!$(&=!+>/,-!,!NF%!a!WY?Y`S5!M#&!*,'*#?!(-!%&+)(&!;,F -#&!.(!-,!#%<+0'!.(!<#)%&,!('!(-!,2#!*(&<(&#!$(&=!+>/,-!,!#9*('(&!-,!)(.+,!%#'.(&,F ! .,!.(!-#$!.#$!;,-#&($!8/(!%/(.(!*#),&!('!(-!</,&*#!,2#?!,<*/,-+3,.,!/'!%(&+#.#!,-!*+F %#!.(!+'*(&A$!$+'!&+($>#!<#'*+'/#B! ! 72,26 " p + 29,66 " (1 - p) = 44,97 ! cuuu = (1,07) ! (-!$+>/+('*(!;,-#&!$(&7,B! ! ! 29,66 " p + 3,83 " (1 - p) = 14,04 ! cuud = 1,07 ! J!(-!*(&<(&!;,-#&!.(!($(!,2#!$(&7,B! ! ! 3,83 " p + 0 " (1 - p) = 1,55 ! cudd = 1,07 ! ! 24 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija J!(-!G-*+)#!;,-#&!.(!($(!,2#!*#),!/'!;,-#&!'/-#!%#&8/(!$/!;,-#&!,!H+',-($!.(-!</,&*#! ,2#!*,)9+A'!-#!($5!4-!)+$)#!%&#<(.+)+('*#!/*+-+3,&7,)#$!%,&,!<,-</-,&!(-!;,-#&!*(0&+F <#!.(!-,!#%<+0'!.(!<#)%&,!,-!H+',-!.(-!$(>/'.#!,2#!DQW?YX!b]!Y?WR!b]!J!R?YU!bE?!,-!H+',-! .(-!%&+)(&#!DNU?`U!b!J!Q?_Y!bE?!--(>,'.#!,$7!,-!)#)('*#!,<*/,-!</J#!;,-#&!$(!<,-</F -,&7,!.(!+>/,-!),'(&,B! ! 13,83 " p + 2,96 " (1 - p) a!V?NV!b! c= 1,07 ! M#&!*,'*#?!V?NV!b!($!(-!;,-#&!.(!-,!#%<+0'!.(!<#)%&,!.(!/',!G'+<,!,<<+0'!J!<#)#!<,.,! #9-+>,<+0'!<#';(&*+9-(!<#'<(.7,!(-!.(&(<@#!,!,.8/+&+&!*&($!,<<+#'($!$/!;,-#&!$(&7,!(-! ! *&+%-(?!($!.(<+&?!QN?WN!b5!! ! I/(>#!(-!%&(<+#!.(-!*7*/-#!<#';(&*+9-(!$(&=!+>/,-!,B! ! MR!a!NRY!r!QN?WN!a!NQV?WN!b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b?! *('>,! /',! %&+),! .(! <#';(&$+0'! .(-! URS!J!/'!/)9&,-!.(!<#';(&$+0'!<#'*+'>('*(!.(-!NQRS?!%/(.(!<#';(&*+&$(!,!NUb!$0-#! $+!-,!,<<+0'!<#*+3,!%#&!('<+),!.(!NW?Yb!Da!NUb!1!N?QE!,!-#!-,&>#!.(!/'!%(&+#.#!.(*(&)+F ',.#!D%#&!(:()%-#?!./&,'*(!QR!.(!-#$!UR!.7,$!,'*(&+#&($!,-!H+',-!.(-!*&+)($*&(E5! 12 M,&,!($*#!($!<#';('+('*(!.+$%#'(&!.(!-#$!*+%#$!.(!+'*(&A$!,!%-,3#!+)%-7<+*#$!($%(&,.#$!,!%,&*+&!.(!-,!H(<@,!.(!<#';(&$+0'?! 8/(!$(!#9*('.&='!,!*&,;A$!.(!-,!($*&/<*/&,!*()%#&,-!.(!-#$!*+%#$!.(!+'*(&A$5 25 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija ! 4-!$(>/'.#!*+%#!.(!<#';(&*+9-($!<#'*+'>('*($!$/(-(!$(&!()+*+.#!%#&!,->/'#$!9,'<#$! .(!<,&,!,!,/)('*,&!$/!*/0%"*$1('$.!DZ+(&!NE!</,'.#!A$*(!<,(!%#&!.(9,:#!.(!/',!<+H&,! .(*(&)+',.,!D(-!/)9&,-!.(!<#';(&$+0'E5!M#&!(:()%-#?!('!(-!<,$#!.(-!I-#J.$!j,'l?!$+!(-! /)9&,-!.(!$/!*/0%"*$1('$.!*+(&!N!$(!$+*G,!%#&!.(9,:#!.(-!WS!$(!<#';(&*+&7,'!-#$!C#C#$! <#'! -#! 8/(! .+<@#! ;,-#&! $,-*,&7,! @,$*,! (-! Y?WS5! h9$A&;($(! 8/(! ('! ($*,! )#.,-+.,.! (-! 8/(!.+$%,&,!-,!<#';(&$+0'!($!/'!.,*#!<#'*,9-(!.(-!()+$#&!.(!-#$!*7*/-#$!J!'#!(-!%&#F %+(*,&+#!.(!-#$!)+$)#$5! ! ! ! Q"#$%#07/)C%+),-#+0-B&1()7/&#R#1&'+%(%7/&#%-()+)2%.%*&-(&# ! i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v!($*#!G-*+)#!$(!<#'$+>/(!&($<,*,'.#!-,$!#9-+F >,<+#'($!*,'!%&#'*#!<#)#!-,!#%<+0'!.(!<#';(&$+0'!$(,!.(-!*+%#!e.('*&#!.(!.+'(&#f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x$F *,!*+('(!/'!;,-#&!'#)+',-!.(!UR!J!.(9(!$(&!&(()9#-$,.#!,-!H+',-!.(-!,2#!Q5!I,!#9-+F 26 Monografías de Juan Mascareñas sobre Finanzas Corporativas ISSN: 1988-1878 9 - La Valoración de los Activos Financieros de Renta Fija >,<+0'!($!</%0'F<(&#!J!%/(.(!,)#&*+3,&$(!,'*+<+%,.,)('*(!,-!H+',-!.(-!,2#!N!%#&!/'! %&(<+#!.(!UN5!4-!&,*+#!.(!<#';(&$+0'!($!NBN5! ! h)+*+('.#!-,!#%<+0'!.(!&($<,*(!,'*+<+%,.#!(-!;,-#&!.(-!9#'#!%/(.(!(1*&,(&$(!.(-!=&F 9#-!9+'#)+,-!,'*(&+#&!J!</J#!&($/-*,.#!$(!#9$(&;,!('!-,!H+>/&,!QX5!K+!(-!;,-#&!.(!-,!()F %&($,!($!`V?U`!J!(-!.(!-,!.(/.,!($!UR!J!$(!%&#<(.+($(!,!<#';(&*+&!,!A$*,!G-*+),!('!,<F <+#'($!$/!;,-#&!$(&7,!.(!XU?Y_]!%#&!*,'*#?!$(!#%*,&7,!%#&!-,!<#';(&$+0'5!K+!(-!;,-#&!.(!-,! ()%&($,! WU?! (-! ;,-#&! .(! <#';(&$+0'! $(&7,! -,! )+*,.! D@,9&7,! .#$! ,<<+#'($EB! 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