utopia-c2bfprograma-politico-o-satira-de-su

UTOPÍA7
;
:
&+-&*'1'
<
(*,&' &* $ ,+#+ )- Utopía '%2+
'*'&'+-&(*'0,'('$4,#'0,%(''*(*+&,$#$('$4,#'
$ -,'* +#&' )- +- -&#5& (*#%'*#$ + *4,# * -&%&,*
+, #*%#5& $ '**3 & '+ (*,+ & (*#%* $-!* +*##*3
.*#'+$%&,'+)-/($#&('*)-3$Utopía&'(-'&+,#,-#*-&
(*'0,'('$4,#'0%&*%2++(4 #('*)-3+,'&+,*-#5&
,%('' *(*+&, $ #$ +- -,'* * -&%&,* +,
#*%#5&"*3-&&2$#+#+$ '*%&$+)-+,2+*#,'$,/,'0
('+,*#'*%&, $!-&+ +-+ '&,*##'&+ #'$5!#+ #&,*&+
& +!-&' $-!* "$*3 +'* $ -&#5& *4,# $ $#*'
(*+&,2&'$''%'-&+(*'#5&$+#&+,#,-#'&+#&!$++
$ 3(' (*#&#($%&, $ %'&*)-4 0 $ &'$1 0 '%' -&
+-*''&#*,+*,*4+,#+$"-%&#+%'
&,+ '%&1* %# *!-%&,#5& (*+&,*3 $!-&'+
$%&,'+ $ .# 0 $ *** ('$4,# '*' )- '&+#*'
#%('*,&,+ (* &,&* +- .#+#5& ('$4,# %#3& +*##*3
*.%&,$'+*+!'+#+,#&,#.'+$8"-%&#+%'$&'*,9'**#&,
(&+%#&,'&$)-'*' '*%5(*,#%('*,&,
$-%&+/,'+%+,*$#&#,-*&$#'&+&,*&#'&$+
$'$!#'3/#'
UtopíaG574,7&2&541B9.([email protected]&)*8:9.*254
K#J J
& (477.*39* .)*41D,.(& (434(.)& (424 H-:2&3.824 )*1 3479*I 8*
)*8&77411D 57.3(.5&12*39* *3 1& :745& &1 3479* )* 148 15*8 &:36:*
9&2'.A311*,D&&'&7(&71&5*3B38:1&'A7.(&*1*11&2&&8B5476:*+:*
-*7*)*7& )*1 -:2&3.824 .9&1.&34 )*1 quattrocento >& 6:* 7*942D 8:8
57.3(.5&1*85489:1&)4847*/*2514148-:2&3.89&8)*13479*&)459&743
:33E(1*49A(3.(4&1&8.89.7&1&8:3.;*78.)&)*8.9&1.&3&82*).&39**1(:&1
*257*3).*743*89:).48-.89D7.(48>+.141D,.(48)*1489*=948(1@8.(481&8
1*>*8 > 1& .'1.& 1 ,A3*74 )* 148 H*85*/48 5&7& 57B3(.5*8I 9&2'.A3
+147*(.D *3 *1 -:2&3.824 )*1 3479* La educación del príncipe cristiano )*
7&824*8:3*/*25142:>7*57*8*39&9.;4&8;.79:)*8)*8*25*C&'&3
:3 5&5*1 +:3)&2*39&1 )*3974 )* 148 (438*/48 & 148 7*>*8 48
-:2&3.89&8 &)*2@8 2&3.+*89&743 8: 57*4(:5&(.D3 547 1& .3/:89&
(43(*397&(.D3 )* 1& 7.6:*?& > )*1 54)*7 *3 &6:*11& A54(& !3&
).;*7,*3(.&.25479&39**397**1-:2&3.824)*1quattrocento>*1)*13479*
*8 6:* *89* E19.24 7*(-&?&'& 949&12*39* 1& ,:*77& > *1 (43(*594 )*
H7&?D3)**89&)4I1-:2&3.824.9&1.&34*89&'&.257*,3&)4(431&.)*&
)*1&3*(*8.)&))*57*8*7;&7*1*89&)4>2:(-48&:947*8)*1-:2&3.824
)*13479*8:&;.?&7438:8548.(.43*8&1;*76:**894*7&:3574'1*2&7*&1
84'7*94)4*39.*2548)*,:*77&*.3*89&'.1.)&)541B9.(&
47 8: 5&79* 42@8 474 3&(.D *3 *3 43)7*8 :
*):(&(.D38.*257*+:*)*57.2*73.;*1547146:*&57*3).D1&9B31D,.(&
>7*9D7.(&>5489*7.472*39**89:).D1&(&77*7&)*1*>*8.*3)42:>/4;*3
+:* 342'7&)4 ;4(*74 )* 1& @2&7& )* 148 42:3*8 )43)* 8* 45:84
949&12*39*&1&8541B9.(&897.':9&7.&86:*57*9*3)B&.2543*737.6:*"
894 1* ;&1.D *1 *=.1.4 5*74 (:&3)4 37.6:* " &8(*3).D &1 54)*7
474 ;41;.D & 9*3*7 5:*8948 541B9.(48 )* .25479&3(.& 7@5.)&2*39*
&8(*3)*39* 3 *1 *> 14 *3;.D & 2'*7*8 *3 :3& 2.8.D3
:*39.3 0.33*7 The Foundations of Modern Political Thought *< #470
&2'7.),*!3.;*78.9>7*8855
$"41%
UtopíaH796/9)4)763C;1+66:A;19),-:<;1-476
,17364A;1+)
,65,-;<=6<5,-:-47-D6,-:;)+),6 9-+1:)4-5;--5-:-
)D6-:+91*1EUtopía 6:;-91694-5;-.<5/1E+6462<-@+65-5694-B>1;6
-9)+65:1,-9),69-+;62<:;6?:)*1633-/E):-9+)5+133-9,-)5+):;-9
-5 <5) 76:1+1E5 +65 4<+06 76,-9 ? .15)34-5;- -5 5918<- & 36 564*9E 69, )5+133-9 ,- 5/3);-99) 9)C@ ,- :<
,1=69+16+65);)315),-9)/E55918<-&-47-@E),1:;)5+1)9:-,-
3)/3-:1));E31+)?,-696+),)=-@4A:5
-3"-?9-,)+;E-3
Acta de Sucesión 8<- ,-;-9415)*) 8<- 36: ,-:+-5,1-5;-: 3-/C;146: ,-
5918<- -9)5 36: 0126: ,- 5) 63-5) ? 56 36: ,- );)315) 769 6;9)
7)9;- -3 Acta 2<:;1.1+)*) -3 9647141-5;6 ,- :;),6 15/3B: +65 "64)
$6,6: 36: :F*,1;6: ,-*C)5 2<9)9 -3 +;) ? 696 :- 5-/E
7-9:1:;-5;-4-5;-)0)+-936?.<-+65:1:;-5;--5:<76:1+1E5-5+65;9),-3
,1=69+16 ? ,-3 )3-2)41-5;6 ,- 3) /3-:1) 9)C@ ,- -:;6 .<- -5+-99),6
,<9)5;-4A:,-<5)D6-53)$699-,-65,9-:?;9):<52<1+16,-,<,6:)
3-/1;141,),-58<-69679-:-5;E<5),-.-5:):E31,).<-+65,-5),6)
4<-9;-?,-+)71;),6-5
3 )7) C6'36+)5651@E-5
"(# "#!%UTOPÍA#% K$
3/<56: 9):/6: 7-+<31)9-: ,- Utopía :</1-9-5 3) 1,-) ,- 8<- -5 -.-+;6
6965<5+);<=63)15;-5+1E5,-8<--:;-31*969-79-:-5;)9)368<-7)9)
B3-9)-369,-5763C;1+6?:6+1)31,-)357914-93</)9696-:+91*1E-3
;->;6-5);C5?76:;-91694-5;-:-;9),<26-56;96:1,164):7-960):;)
4<+06;1-476,-:7<B::-,1.<5,1E-515/3B:3)7914-9);9),<++1E5.<-
,- 76:;-9169 ) 3) 4<-9;- ,-3 )<;69 ? -5 5/3);-99) 56 :- -,1;E -3
;->;6-515/3B:,<9)5;-;6,6-3:1/36'&:;6-=1,-5+1)8<-56-9)-3
,-:-6,-69615.3<19-5-3/6*1-956,-:<7)C:+65-331*96:6*9-;6,6
7698<- :< +)9/6 3- 0<*1-9) 7-941;1,6 -5;9-/)9 -3 ,6+<4-5;6
5-:;)41:1E5-:,65,-696:1;F)-3,1A36/68<-,)691/-5)Utopía
5;6516 6+0I:;<,1679-31415)9J-5$64A:696Utopía41316)9+C)
:;B*)5-@;9),),91,$-+56:771>>>>=111
-:F: <-?6 I$64A: 696 ? -3 <;671:46 763C;1+6J Revista de Estudios
Políticos7
Utopía>.0-&0 + .-*:2("--182(0 #$132($+.-
.$01-, *+$,2$ *-1 +($+!0-1 +81 #$12 " #-1 #$ * "-02$ 6 #$ * 1
8+ 0 1 , 1$&3,#- *3& 0 -0- $0 .0-%3,# +$,2$ " 2<*("- 6 $*
-0#$, 1-"( * 32-.($,1$ .0$1$,2 "-,#3"2 1 "* 0 +$,2$ "-,20 0( 1 * #-"20(, "0(12( , -0 $)$+.*- $, 2-.: 1$ .$0+(2$ $* #(4-0"(- * $32 , 1( "($02- 2(.- #$ $3&$,$1( .0$+ 20(+-,( * $* + 20(+-,(- #$
1 "$0#-2$1 6 * $1"* 4(23# $0: #$+ 1( #- $520 ;- /3$ $12$ %3$0 $*
+3,#-(#$ *#$3,'-+!0$/3$+30(<-.-,(9,#-1$ *#(4-0"(-#$*$6
.$1 0 #$ /3$ $12 1 "-,1(#$0 "(-,$1 1-, 1(&,(%(" 2(4 1 #$
,(,&3, + ,$0 1-,13%("($,2$1. 0 $5.*(" 0.-0/39$* 32-0#$Utopía
,- "-,12036< $12$ +3,#- . 0 0$.0$1$,2 0 13 (#$ 0(- .-*:2("- 0 .0-! 0 $12- ' "$ % *2 , *(7 0 $* 2$52- +81 #$ "$0" $ $12 + ,$0 130&$,20$1-!)$"(-,$1%3,# +$,2 *$1
* #(%$0$,"( "(<,#$*.$01-, )$#$
-0-"-,$*#$ % $*62'*-#$-$* .* ,2$ +($,2-$1$,"( *#$ 2-.: "-+- *&- % ,2812("- $ (00$ *(7 !*$ 6 * 1 "-,20 #(""(-,$1 (,2$0, 1 #$*
09&(+$,32-.($,1$"-,2(,3 "(<, , *(7 09" # 3, #$$** 1
A
2-.: "-,12 #$#-1*(!0-1 ""(<,1$#$1 00-** $,%-0+ #$#(8*-&-
.0(,"(. *+$,2$$,$*(!0--1.$01-, )$1/3$(,2$04($,$,1-,-+81
-0- % $*62'*-#$-.$01-, )$1$,*-1/3$"$,20 09+( 0&3+$,2-
6 $#0- (**$1 /3($, .0$1$,2 912-1 #-1 #30 ,2$ * "-+(1(<,
#(.*-+82(" /3$ **$4 " !- -0- $, +!$0$1 -0- $1203"230 $12 . 02$$,%-0+ #$#(8*-&-,-1<*-. 0 # 0*$3,$%$"2-#0 +82("-6.-0
1$0 #+(0 #-0 #$ * 2<, 1(,- .-0/3$ " # .$01-, )$ 0$.0$1$,2 3, %(*-1-%: #(12(,2 6 $* #(8*-&- $,20$ $**-1 $1 * %-0+ $, /3$ +! 1
%(*-1-%: 1 1$ $,%0$,2 , 3, * -20 .$1 0 #$ /3$ +3"'-1 32-0$1
0 $4(2 0 $* #(4-0"(- 1$ .$0+(2$ /3$ *-1 ?.0$2$,#($,2$1@ 1$ -!1$04$,
#$1,3#-1$*3,- *-20-%0$,2$ 3, + 20-, 63,?4 0<,.0-!-@. 0 /3$, # #$*
"3$0.-#$*-20-/3$#$$,"3!($02-6/3$,-*-1?1$#37" ,"-,$,& ;-1@Utopía..
12 %3$ 3, 29",(" 0$"300$,2$ $, *-1 20 ! )-1 #$ -0- -0 +$#(- #$*
#(8*-&--0-.-#: (,20-#3"(013.0-.(-.3,2-#$4(12 $,$*2$52-.$0-#$3, %-0+ UtopíaF352*5$0$32/?7,&226=7,5$'(687,(032
&216,'(5$1 48( /2 48( ',&( ;7+/2'(2 6( 38('( &216,'(5$5 &202 /$
23,1,A1 3(5621$/ '(/ $8725 27526 $),50$1 48( (6 HG7$1 $5%,75$5,2
$75,%8,5 $ 20=6 252 /2 48( (:35(6$ ;7+/2'(2 &202 /2 6(5?$ (1 (/
25*,$6 3/$7A1,&2 $75,%8,5 $ /$7A1 /$6 $),50$&,21(6 '( 25*,$6 2
$/,./(6(1/8*$5'(/$6'(A&5$7(6I6725(68/7$0=6&/$52&8$1'26(
720$ (1 &8(17$ /$ &8,'$'26$ &$5$&7(5,<$&,A1 48( 252 +$&( '( &$'$
3(5621$-(
(63(&72$/3(5621$-('(20=62521238('(&$%(5/$0(125
'8'$'(48(>/5(35(6(17$9(5'$'(5$0(17($/$87252581/$'2252
(6 /2 %$67$17( (63(&?),&2 &202 3$5$ $&/$5$5 48( (/ 5(; '( 1*/$7(55$
15,48( /2 (19,A $ >/ 20=6 252 6+(5,)) /21',1(16( $ 81$
0,6,A1',3/20=7,&$$0%(5(672'2/2&8$/68&(',A(1()(&72'85$17(
/$ &8$/ &212&,A $ ;7+/2'(2 6 &/$52 48( 252 48,(5( 5(35(6(17$56(
1$'$ 0=6 48( $ 6? 0,602 0(',$17( 68 3(5621$-( 25 2752 /$'2 (/
3(5621$-( '( 252 6( (1)5(17$ $ ;7+/2'(2 ; 12 6A/2 (:35(6$ 81$
23,1,A1 352)81'$0(17( ',67,17$ 6,12 48( 68 )250$ '( (:321(5/$
7$0%,>1(6',)(5(17(25287,/,<$81 ',6&8562 08; *(17,/ 02'(5$'2 ;
48(68$9,<$682326,&,A1$9(&(60(',$17(/$,521?$;7+/2'(232568
3$57( 87,/,<$ 81 ',6&8562 $3$6,21$'2 ',5(&72 ; 48( $ 9(&(6 //(*$ $ 6(5
2)(16,92132&$63$/$%5$6H252126A/2'(6$552//$68$5*80(172$
75$9>6 '( ),*85$6 &/$5$6 ; 9?9,'$6 6,12 48( 7$0%,>1 $'237$ /$ 6,17$:,6 ;
',&&,A1 3$5$ 6(59,5 $ (6( ),1 (16(@$5 /B&,'$ ; )8(57(0(17( 0,(175$6
08;0$7,<$'$48(/23527(*?$'(/$&5?7,&$67($8725126A/26(35(2&83$%$325'(-$5
(1/$$0%,*C('$'685(/$&,A1&21/267(:7266,1248(6(1,(*2 $'$56(&5>',7232568
38%/,&$&,A125(-(03/2(181$&$57$3$5$!,//,$1!$5+$025235(6(17$723?$'(
(67$ $1(5$ H25 0(',2'( /$ 35(6(17(58(*2 $ 68 (@25?$ 48( $&(37( 81 /,%5,72 12
08; $67872 8( (6&5,72 &21 35(085$ 3(52 81 $0,*2 0?2 &,8'$'$12 '( 0%(5(6
"('52 ,//(6# '(-A 48( 68 $)(&72 3(6$5$ 0=6 48( 68 -8,&,2 3(16A 48( (5$ ',*12 '(
38%/,&$56( ; 6,1 0, &212&,0,(172 /2 ,035,0,AI "&,7 325 28*/$6 5(925 H+20$6
25(J6Responsio ad Lutherum$1'7+(,&7,2162)80$1,672/(0,&ISixteenth Century
Journal3
#
8(;2op. cit3
Utopía=-/,%/*-,)91'!,,071'/"#021'#*-,
*+1'#+#2+1,+,!/'11'3,$#)#+!,+1/01#-2+1)-#/020':+
,/'#+1"#*,!',+)*#+1#+,)')2*'+!':+"')8!1'!?
"#*70 ,/, '+1/,"2!# "'3#/0,0 "#1))#0 *25 021')#0 -/
'+"'!/+,0 .2# 51&),"#, +, #0 2+ -#/0,+(# ) .2# 0# -2#" "/
!/8"'1,*-#6+",-,/02+,* /#2#5,),1/"2!#!,*,>#).2#1/#
)0.2'*#/0?5#%#*#/!,*,>0 ',"#)1/'3')'""?+!2).2'#/
!0,#)0#+1'",#0#)*'0*,>51&),"#,?+,"#+,12+0 #/!,+$' )#
1/ -'01 .2# -/,-,/!',+ ,/, -/ 3#/'$'!/ ) -#/0,+)'"" "#
51&),"#, #0 02 (201'$'!!':+ -/ +, -/,-,/!',+/ 02 !,+0#(, ),0
-/9+!'-#0 $'+ "# &!#/ 2+ '#+ ) !,*2+'"" 01# -#/0,+(#
#4-,+#2+/%2*#+1,"#)1:+.2#"#0!,+0#(),00 ',0,!2-/0#
"#)#-; )'!#)!2)"'!#>!2+",),00 ',03#+)-2# ),"'0-#/0,
-,/ )0 -)60 *,(7+",0# (, 2+ ))23' !,-',0 5 +, !,+0'%2#+
-#/02"'/)#.2#0#6$#+sic"##))50#!,(+ (,1#!&",0 #",/#0
"#.2#0'0)#++,3+!,+0#%2'/,1/!,0.2#*,(/0##)),01* '8+
0# *+1'#+#+ !2 '#/1, !,+$,/*7+",0# ) *#+,0 !,+ -#/*+#!#/
-#/0,+)*#+1# 0)3, 5 .2# +, -2#"#+ -,+#/ /#*#"', ) #012)1'!'
(#+?01!'1#0171,1)*#+1#$2#/"#!,+1#41,5.2#!,*, '#+
0# 0 # )1:+ "#1#/*'+ !1#%:/'!*#+1# .2# ),0 0 ',0 deben 0#/ ),0
%, #/++1#0"#02República#+,1/0-) /0.2#2+3#6.2#!,+,!#+
) '"# "#) '#+ "# #+ /#%/#0/ ) !3#/+ -/ 52"/ ),0 "#*70 0)'/ "# #)) 01, +, .2'#/# "#!'/ .2# ,/, 123'#/ 2+ #//,/ "#
'+1#/-/#1!':+ "# ),0 #0!/'1,0 "# )1:+ -,/.2# ), !,+,!9
-/,$2+"*#+1# 0'+, .2# 1'#+# 1," ) '+1#+!':+ "# '+"'!/ #) #//,/ "#
51&),"#,
#/, ) ,-,0'!':+ "# * ,0 -#/0,+(#0 #0 -/'+!'-)*#+1# "#
$,+",5+,"#$,/*01,.2#"!)/,#+),.2#0#/#$'#/#2+1#*#)
#//"#%#*#/>&#&#1,/'!,$--,0'1',+'+&,*0,/#@01,-'
'3'+%,/*1,,*-#1'+%&'),0,-&'#0?Philosophy and Rhetoric-
Op. cit-
Op. cit-
70"#)+1#+)'6/8#01#1#*!,+*5,/-/,$2+"'""
Utopía-
Utopía9')&)$'&#4+!&&*2+!)*,+!$'&
&%*"&#&*')4%!'*&)&*')*%+&$&,% &$)(,*!)-
*,'4*'&)(,%*$&$%+&,%&$&$"&)(,*-&+&
*,$!#!/*,*$!&*1#*(,!%),$%+(,*,%)#
&$)*!&')*+)#*&%*"&#&*')4%!'*
! %& * ',% ))%) )40 #* $#* &'!%!&%* *! %& ',* '&%)
)$!&#&*-!!&*)!!&*'&)+)!!6%+%##2&$&+7(,!*!)*%&'&)
*& *!% $)& * ) $%& # '7#! &$& +$'&& %
*& +$'*+ * %&%) # %- '&)(, %& ',* #$) #&*
-!%+&* )& %& / (, %&*) ,% !*,)*& '))!%& / *,*& (, +
&%*+%&+%)2+&%(,!%**+2%')*,!&*&+)&*%+* /
(,!%+%+),%camino oblicuo/+ *&)0)#&$2*(,',*'&)##)
+)+)#& +&& ')+!%%+$%+ / &%*,!) (, #& (, %& ',* +&)%) %
,%& )*,#+ #& $%&* $#& '&*!# ,* %& ', +&& %) !% *! %&
*&% +&&* ,%&* #& (, 7% %& *')& -/ &,))!) (,4 #,%&*
5&*
*+&**')%,%')+,%$%+##!&#&4#
')&'!&&)&)3#*!$'&)+%+(,,%!#6*&&%&*%!))%*,
*' &/(,+%&%++&&%#)#!'&#4+!*,'4*1##&
+&$6&$&,%)*'&%*!#!
$%) &',*+ /+ #&& !% #&)$%+ *,
'&*!!6%(,%&', )%,%&%#&)+,%')4%!'
),/(,#&*$!$)&*#&)+*6#&*&/%#&*,%&*&%*"&*
/ (, *! ,%& ')+% )#* $!) &'!%!6% &)) # )!*& (,) +% #&& &$& ##&* !%+)* (, &)& * ,% &%&)#
*)-!&) !-!# /+ #&& '&) *, ')+ * ,% -!")& (, :*',3* %&%) *, $!#! / *%) 3# *, '*!6% -) # $,%&
9,3*#&(, &&%*+)%)!(,0.')!%!%!
&%+)!,!) &% #& # !% &$7%;
&) # &)$ % (, &)&
')*%+ *+ ')*&%" * ', ,!) (, 3# %& &$')+ *+
&'!%!6% *+& +$!3% * )#" % *, ')&'! -! / (, *!$')
Ibid'
$)op.
cit'
Utopía:*,)",'*)&6.$))-4.$, -/.$ '*)
-./0) ( )(..) )( & , &$ *)&6.$ '-$) , - *),6
$,
,) 2.#&) ) *, , !),3, -/ ,"/' (.) $(.,)/ /(
(/ 0) )( *.)
& & )'/($ $ ( - & 0$% ,) $ +/ '$ (.,- &)(- %)&)-, 2 - -$(8.$&-7&)#2/(!),' 1.$,*,
.))- &)- '& - & -)$ #2 +/ )&$, & *,)*$ *,$0
!/ (. &0,$$-. (/ 0))( *.)- , &$)($, .' (. )(
&-$"/$ (. */(.).,.,
=UTOPÍA
)') 2 ' ($)(5 2.#&) ) !$,' +/ &)- '& - & -)$ - ),$"$(( (& 1$-. ($ &*,)*$ *,$0$( ',")),)&)
, !/. ,4*$' (. $$ () +/ & !&. $( (.$0)- /-,4 -- 3
+/ &)-#)', -$(. (.,4(, ' $,*),-/*,)*$'()2+/ ()#2
/.),$ - -$ () .))- &)- #)', - $"/& - ( ,(") .,05- &
- -$(.) 2 & - $$7( 2.#&) ) , -*)( -.) -$( *&(. , /(
,"/' (.)&7"$)-$()-$'*& ' (. $$ ()
)&)# 0$-.)!/($)(,
($ '4- ($ ' ()- +/ ( & $-& .)*6 )( -. $(.,)/$7(
2.#&) ) *,) !),'&' (. -,$$, & ),"($3$7( $#
$-&
,) -( -,$) . ( ,- ( -. */(.)*, (. ( ,&)+/ -$"/ 2.#&) ) &"/( '( , 0 & $-/-$7( )( ),)
.,-&4()& /( . ,, () +/ ),) () )() (.,)/ .)*6
)') /( &/", ( & +/ -7&) 5& # -.) 2 *), &) .(.) ),) ()
*/ / -.$)(, -/- !$,'$)( - , -* .) & $-& ( -. */(.)
),) 0$ ,. & & .), -), "()-.$$-') -/ $(. ,&)/.), &
.)',5 -. */(.)'4- &(. / ,)&$$)(,$)!$&)-7!$)"()-$- -/(<).,$(, &$"$)- &)-
*,$' ,)- -$"&)- & , ,$-.$( +/$34 $(-*$,$7( *&.7($ +/ *, . ( ,6
- "/,, & -&0$7( *), & )()$'$ (.) "()-$- $)- .& )') # -$)
.,(-'$.$)&)-$($$)-*),/(.,$$7(*,$'),$&2- , .&"()-.$$-') -/(
-). ,$-') - /( -/* ,-.$$7( & )()$'$ (.); "& -$ )(-$ , &
UtopíaC130)3#.#10->5+%004<5+3#&'465+'.10
)/045+%+4.0 '4 6/ %0/0%+.+'/50 4'%3'50 26' &'1'/&' $<4+%#.'/5' &'-
.#'4530 )/@45+%0 ' .#/'3# 465+- 030 #&7+'35' #- -'%503 40$3' -#
+/%0/4+45'/%+# &'- #3)6.'/50 &' 95*-0&'0 E'- #$463&0 &' -#
13'4%3+1%+@/.#5'3+#-+45#&'#(#'-1#3#-#3'.0%+@/&'0$45<%6-049'-
%#3<%5'3 40$3' 4+.1-+45# &' 46 40-6%+@/ '%0/@.+%# # -04 .#-'4 40%+#-'4
3'7'-#/ '- %#3<%5'3 1'-+)3040 &'- #$40-65+4.0 )/@45+%0F
<4+%#.'/5'
95*-0&'0 53#4-#&# -# &+4%64+@/ # 6/# '4('3# %690 4+45'.# &'
%0/4536%%+@/'4505#-.'/5'#,'/0#030926'103'85'/4+@/5#.10%0
4'7+/%6-##-#3'#-+&#&40%+#-10->5+%#0'%0/@.+%#0'4%0+/%+&'/%+#
26''-&+04&'-046501+'/4'4--'7''-/0.$3')/@45+%0&'Mitra''45#
.#/'3#03046)+'3'26''-.6/&026'13010/'95*-0&'04@-016'&'
'8+45+3'/6/#3'#-+&#&1#3#-'-#9#,'/#-/0.$3'&'-#+4-#/0*#%'.<4
26' %0/(+3.#3-0 501># 26+'3' &'%+3 E'/ /+/)A/ -6)#3F 1#3# #-)6/04
#6503'49E/0*#9-6)#3F1#3#05304-026'--'7##6/#40-#%0/%-64+@/
-# +4-# no está '/ /+/)6/# 1#35' 030 3'(6'3:# '45# /0%+@/ .'&+#/5' '-
640 &' -04 /0.$3'4 # -0 -#3)0 &' 50&0 '- -+$30 '- 3>0 /*+&30 '- .<4
+.1035#/5' &' -# +4-# 26+'3' &'%+3 E4+/ #)6#F .#63050 -# %#1+5#- &'
501># 4+)/+(+%# E%+6&#& (#/5#4.#F 9 '- )0$'3/#/5' '4 &'.0 E4+/
16'$-0F
' #%6'3&0 # /50/+0 0%* -0 %#3#%5'3>45+%0 &' -#4 6501>#4 '4
26' (6'30/ &+4'?#&#4 %0.0 (+%5+%+#4 %0.0 +33'#-+:#$-'4 / '450 4'
&+('3'/%+#/&'-026'4'%0/0%'%0.0+&'#-10->5+%0;45''46/0$,'5+70
26'4'1-#/5'#6/#%0.6/+&#&9#-%6#-13'5'/&'#%'3%#34'.'&+#/5''-
)/045+%+4.0%0.06/#*'3',>#D-)/045+%+4.026'4''/%6'/53#'/053#43'-+)+0/'49
'/ 053#4 =10%#4 4' 3'%0/0%' %#4+ 4+'.13' 103 '- 0&+0 #- .6/&0 #- %6'310 0 # 6/0
.+4.0D-.6/&0'46/#13+4+@/'-)/@45+%04@-0'/%6'/53#4#-7#%+@/'/-#*6+&#F
!/&3=0.5'10/7+--'Diccionario Filosófico03&+'33=53#&6'/04+3'4#+&@4
47"
! ')'.'3op. cit.,1"#104563#&'95*-0&'0'4&'.#4+#&03#&+%#-
9#26''/501>##6/26''8+45'&+%*#E40-6%+@/'%0/@.+%#F'4/'%'4#3+0%0/5#3%0/
6/ 10&'3 %0'3%+5+70 1#3# .#/5'/'3 '- 03&'/ '30 '- '853'.+4.0 &' 95*-0&'0 4+37'
1#3# 13'%+4#3 -# 01+/+@/ &' 030 26+'/ %0/4+&'3# 26' -# 40$'3$+# 6/# %#3#%5'3>45+%#
+/53>/4'%# &'- *0.$3' 9 /0 #,'/# # =- %0.0 -# 1301+'&#& 13+7#&# '4 -# %#64# &' -04
.#-'440%+#-'4
UtopíaA130)3#.#10-=5+%004;5+3#&'465+'.10
1'3('%%+0/#.+'/50 &' 464 +/45+56%+0/'4 10-=5+%#4 '45' ('/>.'/0
35')# 9 #44'5 -' --#.# C.0.'/50 1309'%5+70D 03 '- %0/53#3+0 -#
6501=#/04''3+)'%0.0.'5#4+/026'&'4&''-13+/%+1+0130%-#.#46
+33'#-+&#& / 053#4 1#-#$3#4 CB '- .0.'/50 65>1+%0 -# (+%%+>/ '4
'41'%53#-9/0'45#/)'/5'4+/0#4+/5>5+%03'41'%50&'-*03+:0/5'3'#-&'-
&'7'/+340%+#-910-=5+%0D6'#1308+.#&#.'/5'*#45#'-4+)-0"!
%6#/&0463)+'30/-#4)3#/&'45'03=#4$#4#&#4'/'-130)3'40+/&'(+/+&09
7'%503+#- 103 ','.1-0 '- 104+5+7+4.0 26' -# 6501=# 46(3+> 6/#
53#/4(03.#%+>/%6#-+5#5+7#4'53#/4(03.>'/+&'#-10-=5+%0'/6/#.'5#
#-%#/:#$-' '30 '/ '- 4+)-0 "! %6#/&0 030 '4%3+$+> 46 Utopía '-
zeitgeist '45#$# .;4 %'3%#/0 # -#4 5'03=#4 &'- '5'3/0 3'503/0 9 &'-
&'4#330--0 1'/&6-#3 &' -# *+4503+# &' -# *6.#/+&#& 03 '450 030 #
53#7<4&'46-+$30/0#16/5##-(65630+&'#-&'/)-#5'33#4+/026'*#%'
6/#4;5+3#&'4613'4'/5'
CED
4/'%'4#3+0'81-03#36/5'3%'316/501#3#%0.1-'5#3-##3)6.'/5#%+>/
#%'3%#&'26'-# 501=#/03'13'4'/5#$#'-+&'#-10-=5+%0&'03045'
5'.# '4 '- &' -#4 %0/53#&+%%+0/'4 +/5'3/#4 &'- 4+45'.# 6501+'/4' /
1#-#$3#4&''4?46'90C-#(+%%+>/'4#26=&'%0/5'/+&0/0.'3#.'/5'
&' 104+$+-+&#&D 45' #6503 '/50/%'4 #16/5# C-# (+%%+>/ '45; '/ 26'
-04 6501+'/4'4 26' '/%6'/53#/ +33#%+0/#- '- .#5#3 #/+.#-'4 /0
'/%6'/53#/5#-5'/'3'4%-#70426'-04.#5'/'-26''/%#40&')6'33#-04
6501+'/4'4 %0/4+)#/ 50&#4 -#4 7'/5#,#4 103 -# %03361%+>/ &'-
#&7'34#3+0B # 13'.+4# 3#%+0/#- 4' 530/%# #4= '/ -04 '426'.#4 &'
03&'/#%+>/10-=5+%040%+#-'/6/#/')#%+>/&'-#3#:>/-#13'.+4#&'
+51030%*op.
cit1188++88+++
Ibíd188+7
045'3+03.'/5' #/#-+:#3< %>.0 030 -#/:# %3=5+%#4 # -#4 +/45+56%+0/'4
+/)-'4#4&'-#<10%##53#7<4&'-#413;%5+%#4(#/5;45+%#4&'-046501+'/4'4
Op. cit1
Utopía5$&#&!$# 0(##'.(&')(!$#
#"")""'(()#" -2"$# 0( ! 6&#$&(
#' (!' %) !"#" ),# , %) '" ) '#" !$#&("(' !
"(&' +$ #&& #' !"(#' " $&() & #!#" '# %)'**"(#$0&"( "' &("*) " !'!' " Utopía )'" $&#$ $&* $&#)# )"
#!#"'# "#!$& )"%)'0,)" ''(" '()# ) ' #' #&""(' /'( ' ")"(& " !'! '()2" %) &'(# $# 2" " (/&!"#' $&.(#'
&' #&! $&#)2" #' "' )&" , +" '
"'' (##' #' ("(' &# # (## '(# '), )"
#&"!"(#'# +(&!!"(&0# #')(#$"''')&!"
, '$&(" !'! #& &" !'! )2" .' '
*'(" !'!## #&,#" !'!#($#()"#(##'#!"
!'! #& (##' &" ' '(' & #'' #' !'!#' 0' $'&%),$ )& & #'(##'(""%))!$ &#")"
'&*# (&# " !$# , (##' ' ")"(&" # )"
#&"!"(# $(&& #"#&!# $#& ! ' )" "3!&# !),
'! & !!&#' #!#" ' "# (&!" 0 ,
%)#!#&!,( ##(#' ')'("" !'!#'1#
,''#"#)"'#"#"(#'
' '#&$&""( " #"(&'( %) )" $0' #" '!"(
#&"!"(#"(!/" &("*) '(#'$)*&
Loc. cit.
" ( )&#'# ' %) ,( ## ' %) #"(")!"( '
"'(()#"' )(#$"'' ' ) ' "(-" !$#&(" #!$&#!'# #" '(# , #" ! !"(&' %) / ' )" '$0&() & %) "# '"( "")"
# 2"$&#"')! "$&#" #&"#')$0'#!#,')(0"
$."'"(&#&'
'1# ' )' " ), ' '(&)2" ' '' , !&# '( "3!&# $&(""( ("(' %) ' #"(&# !"( #"%)'( , %) )"# , $&'2" !#&. '( #" # #"-& #(&' ' '
$'"#$#& ')$& %))&& )
Utopía8')&)$'&#3+!&&*1+!)*,+!$'&
% (, % +&'3 * &$%+ # *+,!& &% #& (, * #&)&
&+%),%*))&##&!#&*5!&/!%+3!&%-!!#&* &$)*(,
* !% # *+,!& &$& / !" &%*+!+,/% '&*+)!&)$%+ #
&!)%& #& (, *4# # ')*+!!& (, +!% *+ +!-! & (,
').+)4&*(,%,%'3*%&%)!%#'#,)#!!%+#+,#
+$!2% ', !$')) # &$&%! *&!# &)(, $1* #&*
,+&'!%** *&% $,/ !)+&* #* '&)+!&%* !%+#+,#* &+)&*
',#&*'&)"$'#&/+ #&&!)$(,:,%&*!%&)$)&%'&)
%&*&+)&* #&* *)!+&* / &+)!% #&* )!&*9, $!)# &%
,%+&$'4&*%)&%%(,#*,)')$!+!&')%)#*'&)
$!& %,*+) .'&*!!5%;
$1* % Utopía * !% #
+&#)%!)#!!&*&$&')!%!'!&*,$!$'&)+%!,%(,.!*+
,%$,#+!'#!!)#!!&%*(,+!%%*-)!)+&*#$%+&*
1*!&*%&$6%*)*'+,%&)"$'#&,% &$)(,
*+ !%&')&*#!+!*$&)#!!&*&/')&#$(,*,)#!!5%)
#6%!,&%%&#.!#!& %,-,%+$')(,*
!3!# *&*+%) ,% *+& +% *!*+$1+!$%+ &)%!0& *! *,*
!%+)%+*&0%&$'#+#!)++%+&*'!)!+,#&$&$%+#
% *,$ &%*!)& (, $* ')$!** # .+)$ !,#
*&!# / # %& $%&* .+)$ #!)+ ')*&%# *&% '&+%!#$%+
&',*+* ') (, % Utopía * ')*%+ # !#$ #1*!& #
&'&*!!5%%+)!,#/#!)+#&)%,+&'!%*#,%!&%)"&
$* &%!!&%* % *, $1.!$ .')*!5% +!% ,% &%+)!!5%
!%+)%$,/!$'&)+%+#-0*)3'&*!#&%!)#)$&%3%+)
*+*&*,)0**!+&&*#&* !+%+*,)%')+!)!&*,%+#
-#&)* &$6% ')& # !%*!*+%! *&) # '#,)#! )#!!&* %
Utopía *#!! *+ '&*!!#! ,#(,!) $%) # &.!*+%!
##!)+/#!,#.+)$*'&)3%,))$,/'&&+!$'&!%
Utopía'
Ibíd''
Utopía?.0-&0 + .-*;2("--192(0 #$132($+.-
$+! 0&-62'*-#$- 1$&30 /3$$*. ;1#$*-132-.($,1$1$12 , ,2(&3-
/3$A@' !; $,20$$**-1"(3# #$1 ,2$1/3$'-+!0$1$,20$,-1-20-1B
$0- -0- $5.0$1 "* 0 +$,2$ 13 .-1("(<, * "-+$,2 0
' !($,#-%(, *(7 #-* , 00 "(<,#$62'*-#$-/3$ *&3, 1"-1 1*$A@
. 0$"; ,+36 !130# +$,2$(,12(23(# 1$,* 1"-123+!0$16*$6$1#$$12$
.3$!*- ,- 1<*- 1-!0$ * + ,$0 #$ ' "$0 * &3$00 6 1-!0$ * 1
"3$12(-,$1 #(4(, 1 6 1-!0$ * 0$*(&(<, 6 1-!0$ 131 -20 1 (,12(23"(-,$1
#$+91.$0-1-!0$2-#-$,*-/3$$1$*+95(+-%3,# +$,2-#$2-# * (,12(23"(<, 1 !$0 $, * 4(# 6 1312$,2- "-+=,@B ($,#- 3,
$+(,$,2$ )30(12 -0- '3!($0 .-#(#- "0$ 0 3, $12 #- (#$ *
.$0%$"2 +$,2$ *<&("- 6 "-, .09"2(" 1 /3$ ,- '3!($0 , $12 #-
A !130# +$,2$(,12(23(# 1B.$0-,-*-/3(1- 1;@
DCUTOPÍA
La crítica al humanismo
$5.*(/3:.-0/3:1$.3$#$"-,1(#$0 0/3$* .-1("(<,#$62'*-#$-
$1-.3$12 * #$-0-$0--0-,-1<*-$5.0$1 $12 #(%$0$,"( "(<,
1(,- /3$ 20 4:1 #$ * 132(* 0(#("3*(7 "(<, /3$ ' "$ #$ $12$ .$01-, )$
+ ,(%($12 3, "0;2(" +36 (+.-02 ,2$ /3$ ,- $1 "-00$"2- /3$ *-1
'-+!0$1 1 !(-1 1$ #(1-"($, "-+.*$2 +$,2$ #$ * 0$ *(# # .-*;2(" 8*
"-+. 02; * +(1+ (#$-*-&; '3+ ,(12 "-,*-1.$,1 #-0$1#$13:.-" A6 1(, $+! 0&- * 32$,2("(# # #$* $,2$,#(+($,2- "0(12( ,- #$ * 4(# /3$*$*(& * +$)-020 #("(<,#$* +;12(" (,&*$1 *$1$. 0 2 ,2-#$$1$
+$#(-"-+-* 1$0($# ##$134-" "(<,6.0$-"3. "(<,.-*;2(" 1*$ *$) #$*#(%31-$12$2("(1+-.-*;2("-#$*-1+91#$131 +(&-1'3+ ,(12 1B
1 #$"(0 -0- "0(2(" 20 4:1 #$* .$01-, )$ #$ 62'*-#$- * . 1(4(# #.-*;2(" 8* 13+$/3$$113#$!$01$04(0 "2(4 +$,2$ 13. ;1
*-"3 *,-#$) #$' "$0' 12 13+3$02$62'*-#$-,-/3($0$ "$0" 01$
Ibíd.
Ibíd.
3$6-op.
cit.
Utopía1!# #! -% $+%#$&%! ! -% ! #"& ## #$ "&# % $ "&
$%+%# )! #"& !&#/ '# # %## # $%+ ' "&32$$ $#'! -%%! #$-$ $$ "&!#$%&#$$#' $% +% # ! -%24 # $ )% 32%#*.%.# !&# "&$ #$"&$,% $
$!#$$$ &%$4)!# ! # 32 $ $"&#$
$ . $ # %$ #$ !# !&. &
# #* %& +$ $% 4 # %## # $%+
% %% ' # "& $ $ ! -%$ $ ! !#+%
&"& #! -% % #$% $# ! &3 & 4 "& ) "& ## !#% ! #"& $ "& !#. $ * !# $ !& $# & (&$ !# !$' &"& # !$ "& $ $&!# #$"& $! -%)"&! # %% ,$% $ $# '#%& #$% $ $#% $&
# (!#$. # %$% $% $&'
) $&&#%
$$# ##"&! $. # $ %##
&"&#!$ #&$%& $ #$!#%%$$%
##%!#%!# %'%! -%#-% # $%+
$% $!-% "& $ "& ! # %#$ $ &%!#.$% $!% !# ! # /
$#' !/ La crítica a las instituciones inglesas
# #- $.%)% $$&#&% "&)
(!"&, # # %, &%* $&#$ $%
Ibíd!
Ibíd!
#%
!+
Utopía=-/,$/*-,)91& ,,071&/!"021&"*-,
-"/0,+'" -/ /&1& / !&/" 1*"+1" , -/ 01&/&6/ ),0 !"#" 1,0 !")
,/!"+ -,)91& , 5 " ,+;*& , &+$)80 " !&#"/"+1"0 *+"/0 ,/,
2"01&,+ ) )"$&1&*&!! !" ) *,+/.29 !" ) +,)"6 5 !" )
!&01/&2 &;+!")/&.2"6
+ -/&*"/ )2$/ ,/, %) !" ),0 !"#" 1,0 !" ) *,+/.29
/ "0+/! ?+! 1&"+"+ !" 0,/-/"+!"+1" .2" 0" 3" ,+!2 &!, &"/1 0"3"/&!! ,+1/ ) ,/,+ + ) %&01,/& !" ),0 1&"*-,0
*,!"/+,0%5-, 0$)"/90!"*,+01/2,0.2"-2"!+ ,*-//0")
0"/&" !" 0,"/+,0 !" .2" % $,6!, +$)1"// !2/+1" &"+ :,0@
01 /" ,/!/ ) 0+$/&"+1 8-, !" ) 2"// !" )0 ,00 -/
,*-/,/ "01 #&/* &;+ !"*70 ,/, 3&3&; "+ 2+ 8-, !"
"+,/*"#,/1)" &*&"+1,!")-,!"/!")01!,&+$)80") 2)0,/&;)0
#2+ &,+"0!")$)"0&1;)& 09 ,*,!"),00":,/"0#"2!)"0.2""+
)!!"!& 12+ ,+$/+&+!"-"+!"+ &
?>"+)8-, 2!,/)+ &;+ ,+0,)&!;02+2"3#2"/65"4-2)0+!,
1,!0)021,/&!!"0"41/+'"/0502-/&*&"+!,1,!0)0&+*2+&!!"0), )"0
/" )*;")!"/" %,!"% "/),.2".2&0&"/!"+1/,!"020-/,-&0#/,+1"/0
01,0 /" )*,0 +2"3,0 !" ,*-)"1 &+!"-"+!"+ & -/ ) + &;+ 5 !"
,*+&-,1"+ & -/ ") 01!, #2"/,+ -"/0,+&#& !,0 -,/ ") /9+ &-"> ,0
-,!"/"0-)"+/&,0!")+2"3,01!,-,!9+0"/"+"08-, "'"/ &!,00;),
-,/ ") "5 ) /)*"+1,>+, 1"+9 +& ) #2"/6 +& ) *& &;+ -/
!"0"*-":/"0"--")@
+"01" 0,,/,+, /&1& !&/" 1*"+1"02/"50&+,)/"5
!"/+ &51%),!","4-)& .2"0""+ ,+1/"+) ,/1"!"!& %,/"5
5 .2" )" 0,/-/"+!&; .2" 0;), 0" -/", 2-/ -,/ ,+.2&01/ 1"//&1,/&,0
% &"+!,5!"0% &"+!,)&+60+1,+ "051%),!",!& ".2")"-/" "
"4 "0&3,.2"/"/ ,+.2&01/*701&"//00& ,+)0.2"51&"+"/+ &0,+
*70.2"02#& &"+1"0-/, 2-/5!"0,/!/)1"+ &;+!"2+/"5"
Eldesarrollo de la filosofía política en el siglo XVI+&3"/0&!!!"2"/1,& ,
--
",/$" 2)5 /"3")5+ A Shortened History of England /"1 /&1&+
"+$2&+,,(0--
Utopía<+-*#-(+*'7/%**.5/%- !.0/%!(+*
!./()!-*-*!2+-!..0 !.*)/!)/*.*-!/* **)/-!.+-5/%.
! '*. -!3!. +-%(!-* *).% !- ,0! ' (*)-,07 +-%*-% '
*),0%./3'#0!--3)*'+-*/!%9) !.0..: %/*..!#0) *'
(*)-,07 *+/%(+0!./*.%)&0./*.!%)0--!!)#./*.%))!!.-%*.3
/!-!-*/* *.!./*.!2!.*.!)0!)/-)0)&0./%"%%9)-!/9-%. !)'0!)1*'0)/ 3'.*!-)7!-*.%%!)*-*+*)!'-!3 !
-)%*(*+)/''.0-7/%
>= !) !' "*) * .! %-%#! *)/- .0 +-*+%* +7. 3 .0 .)#-%!)/ (*)-,07
(!)*. +-'(!)/-%* ,0! '*. 0 *- ,0! $) #*!-) * +*35) *.!
1!4(5.!)0)*).!&*3 !&) * *-(%/-'*.*(0)!. (5.
"./0*.*,0!)-%,0!.9'*0/-*8*.)*.
.!+-) !' (+* !'
8* ! -* (5. %)/-%#)/! ,0! ' %+'*(% -%/5)% ,0!= .!
(!4'%(+-0 !)/!(!)/!!)'*..0)/*. !/'%#./.0."0!-4.3.0 %)!-*
!)+-*(*1!-
%*)!. *)/- -)%.* 3 (% !) %!4 8*. /-!.
1!!. .0. /-/ *. ! +4 3 ! (%./ *) -)% ,0! .! $'' '%# !)
#0!-- *"!).%1*).0.+!*-!.!)!(%#*.?
!.+!/*!./0!./%9)!.%)/!-!.)/!!2(%)-0)+**'*,0!
.!-!"%!-!'.+-5/%.(%'%/-!. !'*.0/*+%!).!.,0!.! !.-%!)!)
0) ! '. +-/!. (5. %)/-%#)/!. !' '%-* +!.- ! ,0! ' 0!)
1*'0)/ 3'.*'% -% %(+!-)!)'%.''*.0/*+%!).!.''!1)*
.0.-!'%*)!.!2/!-%*-!.*)!2/-!(*-!'%.(*+*'7/%*%!) *,0!!./!
+0!'*-!+0 %'#0!--!)*-(!(!)/!'!1 ! ! %"!-!)/!.()!-.
)+-%(!-'0#-'*.0/*+%!).!.+%!).),0!!.(5. %#)*#)-'#0!--
(! %)/!!'%)#!)%*+*-'*,0!+-!1%/-'/''"*(!)/)'%)/-%#
3 ' %.*- % !)/-! !' !&6-%/* !)!(%#* ) ! .0. /5/%. !. *"-!!-
-!*(+!)..(*)!/-%.+*-'.!4. !'*/-*) *!!./()!-
'*#-) ,0! '*. '7 !-!. .! /-%%*)!) 3 ,0! .0 !&6-%/* .! !.%)/!#-!
(%6)*).% !-),0!'1% 0/*+%!).!!.'(5.%(+*-/)/!+*-'*
,0! ' !'-- ' #0!-- *)/-/) (!-!)-%*. '*. ,0! '!. +#)
!.+06. ! *)'0% ' /'' >'*. 0/*+%!).!. !) !"!/* ' %#0' ,0!
!.)-
op. cit.,+
Ibid+
Utopía>-/,%/*-,):1'!,,081'/"#021'#*-,
20!+),0 2#+,0-/20/"##)),00:#01,0&,* /#0-90'*,0-/
20/"##)),0?A"#*80!,*,6& :*#+!',+",),021,-'#+0#0
0# "(2"'!+ #) "#/#!&, "# !,+.2'01/ ,1/0 1'#//0 0' #0 .2# 0'#+1#+
"#*0'" -/#0';+ "#*,%/8$'! "#+1/, "# 02 -/,-' '0) ,", #01,
!,+1/01 $2#/1#*#+1# !,+ ),0 -/'+!'-',0 1+1, !/'01'+,0 !,*,
&2*+'010 .2# /'%#+ ,/, ,/ 1+1, 2+ -,0' )# '+1#/-/#1!';+ #0
.2# )0 -/8!1'!0 *')'1/#0 21,-'#+0#0 0,+ 2+ $2#/1# 081'/ "# )0
!,012* /#0"#)*'0*+%)1#//6"#,1/0-,1#+!'0#2/,-#0
+0#%2+"!/:1'!0#&!#)+, )#71/390"#"'$#/#+1#0
"'0!2/0,0 ,/, #5-/#0 02 "#0!2#/", !,+ ),0 $2+"*#+1,0 "# )
+, )#7 ) /'.2#7 6 #) -,"#/ ,*, ), &!# 2+ %/+ -/1# "# ),0
&2*+'010,/,-'#+0.2#)+, )#7+,"# #-/,3#+'/"#)/'.2#7
,"#))'+(#0'+,"#)#5!#)#+!'#0-'/'12)#'+1#)#!12)0-#!:$'!*#+1#
,/,21')'7)0-) /0 nobilis6generosus!,+!,++,1!';++#%1'3)
%/+*6,/:"#)03#!#0/9)#)&,+,/)*(#01"6)%),/'0,+
1/' 21,0 .2# #) &,* /# "# # /#+"'/ ',0 -#/, .2# ),0 +, )#0
/#!)*+-/0'*'0*,00'*-)#*#+1#-,/-,0##/-,"#/6/'.2#70#
) *'0* *+#/ @& : 2+"+1# &2*+'"" ,+"" !)#*#+!'
!/'"" 6 #+'%+'"" #+ ) /#-< )'! 21,-'#+0# -#/, ,/, +2+! )'%;
+'+%2+, "# #01,0 /0%,0 !,+ ) +, )#7 !,+ ),0 ! ))#/,0 , !,+ ),0
+, )#0A ,/ #) !,+1//', ,/, "(2"'! 1,"0 #010 !/!1#/:01'!0
-,0'1'30 ),0 &,* /#0 1/ (",/#0 6 "#0!)'$'! ),0 +, )#0 6 ),0
%/+"#01#//1#+'#+1#0!,*,0'$2#/+-/80'1,0"#)1/ (,"#,1/,0+
1,-:) 2/)-/),0.2#'%2)+)+, )#7!,+)/'.2#7#0 01+1#
#5-/#0 ,0 21,-'#+0#0 !,+0'"#/+ .2# 1+1, )0 -'#"/0 !,*, ),0
*#1)#0-/#!',0,0+,1'#+#++'+%<+3),/-,/),.2#!,+#),/,$ /'!+
Utopía-
# &#!&, @9010 ,!2//#+ "'#!'0'#1# 3#!#0 !,+ 1,+, -#6,/1'3, 1/#0 !,+
!,++,1!';+ "2",0 6 0;), 2+ !,+ '*-)'!!',+#0 &,+,/:$'!0A #51#/ @&#
,,*,$+%2%#+"1&# /'!,$*-#/1'3#0&#0#,$Il Principe+"UtopiaA
&#*#/'!+'01,/'!)#3'#4-
Ibíd-
Ibíd-
Utopía8')&)$'&#3+!&&*1+!)*,+!$'&
&)!%#* #* %* / #&* %!##&* (, * '&%% #&* *#-&* /
)!$!%#* / #* $* ')!&** * &%*!)% ",,+* ') #&* %!4&*
'(,4&* *+ $%) #&* ,+&'!%** *')!% #& (, &+)&*
&%*!)% ,% *!%& &%&) / '&) *+ ! * - $%!!*+
#&,%+$%+%##!)&,%&#&*,+&'!%**)!%#-!*!+#&*
#&*,%',#&-!%&
:%+))&% ',* #&* +)* #&* &% !% &$'4%+* +&&* &% )&'"
-)!&'!%+&$, &**#&*#&*$!*$&*%+%&#%*,'3*&%
$%+&&)&&%)%*&##)*/'%!%+*&)&&%%!##&*&)&%
#* $%&* $1* +&-3 &% %!##*(,),#3% &% ')#* /$*
*,"+* # '3#& &)%&* # !% &% +&& #& (, %+) #&* ,+&'!%** ,)
*,'#!!&*#-&*&*&)&!%$*&),*#)3')%!4&*)!%&
-) &% (,2 !) ##-% *,* )*+* #-%+* ,%& &$'))&% *,
&)%$%+& &% # -*+!& #&* ,+&'!%** 9 )& %& ) $%&*
)&!"%+ *, -0 &%*!)) #& $, & (, !*+% # *+!$ (, *
3% ')&$+!& &%*,!) % +& #&* &"&* +&&* #&*
,+&'!%**9+&&(,#*'#%&)#*')3&$&,% &* ',%
/*#,%&)*'+,&*$%++&&*#&*3%!$&*&$&*!,)%#&**4&)*
'*)&% '&) #+& *!% )%!)#* *&#,+$%+ %!%6% &%&) #* ')*&%* #&*#&*+%!2%&#*'&)*#-&*,*#,*&(, 3%#*%*
&)&;
&%*+&&)&%&*5#&*#"#+)!!5%')&,%$%+
))!)#!&%)#)!(,0&%#%&#0*!%&(,+$!2% ,%)3+!#&)%&%5$!&*,'3*#!)(,%Utopía%&*5#&
*+%*!%&(,,%%#&*!%*!&(,*&#,+$%+ +&&*
+)"% .'+& #&* '&&* !&* # *+,!& +!$'& &$'#+&
&)&)!+!#&*%&#*/+))+%!%+*(,.'#&+%#&*+)"&)*
1%&#* ,% ' $!*)# $!%+)* (, ##&* %& % %
')&,+!-&$!2%.')**,*&%+%+&)%+#&*&$)!%+*
$%) *+%+ $'#! % # ')!$) ')+ # #!)& /+ #&&
)#+5$&#&*&$)!%+*#% %,+!#!0&)%*%+!*
+!))* %+)!&)$%+ *+!%* # )!,#+,) ') #!$%+) *,*
Utopía''
Utopía4#%"% #"/'""&-'%&(' #"
")& &' !% & $(! &! '%" & '%"%&
%/"&+&&!"& !'"&&(%"&(')"&-&"&"!
"$("& #&!"&&)!"%,"&%"%#%" %"%"&'
!% *#%& &' ), '%).& +'"" $( & "!'%'"%"
$("%"!&'&((%,"!"&%"!&&& #"!/
#! (%' !'%&&&'%('(%&&"&"!$(*&'
&%
65&)&&'%!!')"&$( +"%&" '!&! &
$(+&!0,&)/!" '%"!&!'!"!""&'!'$(&
&($(#.& !'+$(&"%%" #!#&"#&"!&(&"&'( %&
#%'% "& -& '%!"& 0"& 4$(. "'% "& .& #%(!'" &!" %
%"!&"&$((")"&"'%"& & "&('-&7
"! &' !-&& "%" " #%( $( '! (! #%"(!"
"!" !'""&#%" &&"&&(.#"%('"%&%/
"%$("&%"!&&&%'%"+$(!#% %(%&(
'"(#1!("$(&)1(%'"""&'""!)%"!
& !""!& (! "!%$(/ -& #%"(# #"% &(& &2'"& $(
#"%(%%+(!!",&!"& .%'"&+!"!#"%
&' !%&#()%$("%"!"&1"!,%/'&&!"$(
' .! '! #%"#(&'& &"(1! "& #%" & &"& +
"!1 "& &( #/& ! %" + (! &'! & !'%
%"!"% &'& #%"#(&'& && + #%'!% $( "%" !'!'
#"!% &( Utopía " " "" &'" !'" &( %%%
" "(!"!%"#2"" "&("% 1!(%&'!$((
#"% -& &'" "!'%(+%"! $( "%" (% &"
%&' " " #% #%"#"!% &'%(1! "& (! !'"& &&' !.&#%% #,%"&"!(!"%! !'"'!!'&"&"+
"!'%'"%" " " Utopía & $( !" &'- ! !!(! #%'
""& "& !'"& $( & * !! ! &' '%" *#! " "
Ibíd.#
Utopía#
$
%
! Ibíd.