NEVA DA
China Lake
N.W.C.
San Diego
Palmdale
Victorville
Santa
Barbara
Oxnard
126,908
101
Long
Beach
Map Legend
Indio
15
Sister city
Official port of entry
10
5
POPULATION DENSITY
less than 10
1
MIGRANTS
Ensenada
1 person = 10,000
apprehended migrants
60
Gila
Yuma
R.
Barry M. Goldwater
Air Force Range
San Luis Rio San Luis
Colorado
2
Tohono O’Odham
Nation
Lukeville
Tucson
86
3 - da
y walk
Sells
Sonoyta
286
8
Benson
SONORA
’03
10
11 million
6
70
Dallas
Artesia
82
82
Hobbs
180
62
54
20
Carlsbad
Caverns
Nat’l. Park
Ft. Bliss
Mil. Res.
45
Santa
Teresa
Puerto
Columbus
Antelope
Wells
El Paso
180
Ciudad
Juarez
2
2
CHIHUAHUA
221
Pecos
sector
10,536
907
67
apprehensions
in 2005
agents
Pe cos R.
2000
2
WASH.
MONT.
ORE.
IDAHO
Other Latin
America
9%
Central
America
13%
N.D.
WYO.
NEV.
2.6
million
MINN.
600,000
S.D.
IOWA
WIS.
NEB.
UTAH
CALIF.
N.H.
VT.
ARIZ.
COLO.
N.M.
KAN.
OKLA.
ILL.
MO.
ARK.
1.5
million
ALASKA
0
HAWAII
PA.
OHIO
IND.
KY.
W.VA. VA.
N.C.
TENN.
MISS. ALA.
TEXAS
N.Y.
MICH.
LA.
S.C.
MASS.
R.I.
CONN.
N.J.
DEL.
MD.
Total for
Virginia,
Maryland
& D.C.:
D.C.
BAJA
CA L IFOR N IA
68,510
FLA.
3-day wal
king
(Fiscal year)
UP
43%
377
Big Bend
Nat’l. Park Boquillas
del Carmen
Otay Mesa
Tecate
Calexico
191
1,989
C A L I F O R N I A
1
M
E
Navojoa
X
I
C
45
O
Jimenez
Hidalgo del Parral
100,862
45
Calexico East
9,865
Andrade
7
855
San Luis
112
285
Lukeville
Sasabe
1.7
1.4
Nogales
678
A R I Z O N A
6,100
13,708
Naco
Douglas
14
77
3,642
1.507
Columbus
Santa Teresa
12
El Paso
4,788
12.092
Fabens
Presidio
Del Rio
20
80
N E W
M E X I C O
3,893
175
24,961
Eagle Pass
49,797
8,548
Laredo
Roma
23
274
Rio Grande City Hidalgo
112
63
1,244
1,971
T E X A S
3,813
Progreso
22
77
1,408
agents
apprehensions
in 2005
Corpus
Christi
59
Gulf of
Mexico
281
85
Monterrey
619
Saltillo
sector
134,188
277
Zapata
83
Int’l. Falcon
Reservoir
NUEVO
LEON
Brownsville
Rio Grande
Nuevo
Laredo
Sabinas
Hidalgo
50,236
Victoria
Laredo
Don
Martin
11,338
6,828
Ri
oG
Monclova
30
55,733
26,504
3,462
49
apprehensions
in 2005
Sabinas
People have close relationships with
communities directly across the
border, frequently traveling between
them as part of their daily routine.
75,355
181
281
77
Roma
Ciudad
Gerrero
Ciudad
Miet
China
85
Montemorelos
Is.
Padre dre
Ma
na
Lagu
17,463
Otay Mesa/
San Ysidro
15
Mulege
2005
ASSOCIATED PRESS
Ciudad
Obregon
942
agents
35
57
Sister Cities
59
R.
San Ysidro
2004
Santa
Rosalia
44,484
42,416
37,292
COAHUILA
Laredo
Pleasanton
sector
Pearsall
Eagle
Pass
Piedras
Negras
Guaymas
San
Ignacio
Cuero
Uvalde
57
29
330
10
T E X A SSan Antonio
o
BAJA
CALIFORNIA
SUR
35
ce
fro
m
bo
Amistad
rd
Res.
Del Rio
90
Ciudad
Acuña
ande
Gr
Ojinaga
Migrant Deaths
83
dis
tan
lad
when NAFTA was enacted
Presidio
Sanderson
Sa
Up 63% from 1994,
90
67
16
Fence between Nogales,
Mexico, and Nogales,
Ariz.
Guerrero
Negro
875,000
NOTE: State totals include all
unauthorized immigrants
8,121
SOURCES: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Bureau of Transportation Statistics,
Pew Hispanic Center, Humane Borders, Congressional Research Service, LandScan
Marathon
277
ASSOCIATED PRESS
PEOPLE: 664,000 daily
People wait to enter the United States at the San Ysidro port.
President Bush
has endorsed
370 miles of
additional
fence.
Junction
Austin
Marfa
385
GA.
120,199
TRUCKS: 12,338 daily
90
473
Every day, thousands of people and
products legally cross the border.
ASSOCIATED PRESS
10
385
547,000
LEGAL CROSSINGS
Daily crossings, by port, in 2004
of the border
is fenced
ME.
ASSOCIATED PRESS
apprehensions
in 2005
As the United States expands its crackdown on greater portions of the
border, migrants are forced to move through more remote areas between
major urban centers, facing higher temperatures and dangerous terrain.
BELOW: Migrants wait to
cross near Sasabe, Ariz.
3.8%
1
Africa 3%
Europe/
Canada 6%
Asia 13%
Mexico
Me
Mexic
xicoo
56%
Rosario
de Arriba
1 million 100,000 10,000
B
Del Rio
385
agents
Van
Horn
10
Waco
Odessa
sector
20
285
Fabens
45
2
Marfa
Guadalupe
Mts. Nat’l. Park
e
nd
ra
TTotal
otal number of
of unauthorized
unauthorized
immigrants
immigran
immigr
antts living in the United
United
States,
States, in millions
1990
Across
Southern
Border
8
4
1980
. . . and where they went:
Where they came from . . .
’05
er
In 2005, 69 percent
of unauthorized
immigrants living
in the United
States transit
the southern
border.
’03
Lovington
Dangerous Journey
Currently, there are
74.8 miles of fence on
the 1,952-mile border.
California
’01
285
Deming
81
191
Border Barrier
Gulf of
’99
30
Rio
San Quintin
’97
380
Janos
ILLEGAL CROSSINGS
0
’95
’05
11
Bisbee
Douglas
Naco
Naco
Agua
Prieta
Nogales
Las
Cruces
Columbus
19
Nogales
de
Lordsburg
10
’01
R.
Puerto
Peñasco
70
Willcox
ing dis
tance from bord
er
Sasabe
2
an
191
10
Ajo
’99
Mexican
87%
Total Border
Patrol apprehensions
Roswell
54
Truth or
Consequences Alamogordo
Silver
City
Stafford
’97
0.5
apprehensions
in 2005
25
191
Eloy
85
70
White Sands
Missile Range
180
Full-time Border
Patrol agents on the
U.S.-Mexican border
122,684
70
Casa Grande
8
agents
380
Other
13%
BELOW: A group of undocumented Mexicans caught by the
U.S. Border Patrol on May 4, 10 miles from the Mexican border
near Laredo, Tex.
285
1,368
Caught on the Other Side
The U.S. Border Patrol apprehends
about 3,000 unauthorized migrants
per day.
Florence
Portales
sector
Socorro
Phoenix
10
Smuggling Corridors
3
439,064
apprehensions
in 200560
60
95
El Paso
0
’95
Clovis
60
60
1.2 million
1.5
os
raz
Ocean
MILES
Yuma
Proving
Ground
60
agents
Of those detained
in 2005
Peak in 2000: 1.6 million
1.0
2,500
2,375
17
There are three primary
routes used by migrants: the
South Texas corridor; the
West Texas/New Mexico
Colonet corridor; and the California/
Arizona corridor.
Pacific
100
Andrade
Somerton
5
Guadalupe
0
R.
10,210
5,000
40
180
Gr
10 - 249
Calexico
East
Mexicali
2
M E X I C O
Rio
more than 250
El Centro
Calexico
Otay 8
Mesa Tecate
San Diego
San Ysidro
Tijuana
Rosarito
(per square mile)
sector
2.0 million
(as of April 1, 2006)
Los Lunas
Blythe
Salton
Sea
Carlsbad
Estimated 3-day walking
distance from border
93
apprehensions
in 2005
Colo
r
Riverside
Nearly 12 million people live in
the U.S.-Mexican border region,
an area that includes four U.S.
and six Mexican states, 26
American Indian tribes and seven
Mexican native populations. Every
day, hundreds of thousands of
people and millions of dollars in
merchandise legally cross through
one of the official points of entry.
Thousands of others illegally slip
across the 1,952-mile border.
o
10,000
Albuquerque
Tucson
138,436
95
ad
Los Angeles
N E W
191
agents
apprehensions
in 2005
About 90 percent of U.S. Border Patrol agents are deployed along the
southern border with Mexico, and the area accounts for 97 percent of all
illegal immigrant apprehensions.
7,500
Flagstaff
40
625
apprehensions
in 2005
S
Santa Fe
sector
55,726
agents
S T A T E
Yuma
agents
40
1,541
D
Riviera
673
sector
I T E
40
Kingman
sector
N
A R I Z O N A
93
95
15
El Centro
Edwards
A.F.B.
5
Ft.
Irwin
U
Grand Canyon
Nat’l. Park
Juan
R.
Corridors
and Barriers
Co
Lake
Meade
Oildale
395
ENFORCING THE BORDER
R.
Sa n
Death Valley
Nat’l. Park
China Lake
N.W.C.
do
lora
Las Vegas
Rio
A Closer Look:
CALIFORNIA
Rio
Grande
City
Hidalgo McAllen Harlingen
2
Progreso
Brownsville
Reynosa
Rio
Bravo
40
Matamoros
97
Valle Hermoso
101
TAMAULIPAS
REPORTING BY KAREN YOURISH; GRAPHIC BY LAURA STANTON, LARIS KARKLIS, GENE THORP AND NATHANIEL VAUGHN KELSO — THE WASHINGTON POST
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