The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T55259A11264820 Aromobates orostoma, Tachira Rocket Frog Assessment by: Enrique La Marca, Juan Elías García-Pérez View on www.iucnredlist.org Citation: Enrique La Marca, Juan Elías García-Pérez. 2010. Aromobates orostoma. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T55259A11264820. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.20102.RLTS.T55259A11264820.en Copyright: © 2015 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use. 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THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ Taxonomy Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Chordata Amphibia Anura Aromobatidae Taxon Name: Aromobates orostoma (Rivero, 1978) Synonym(s): • Colostethus orostoma Rivero, 1978 • Nephelobates orostoma (Rivero, 1976) Common Name(s): • English: • Spanish: Tachira Rocket Frog Sapito de Niebla Tachirense Assessment Information Red List Category & Criteria: Endangered B1ab(ii,iii)+2ab(ii,iii) ver 3.1 Year Published: 2010 Date Assessed: November 14, 2008 Justification: Listed as Endangered, because its Extent of Occurrence is less than 5,000 km2 and its Area of Occupancy is less than 500 km2, its distribution is severely fragmented, and there is continuing decline in its area of occupancy and in the extent and quality of its habitat. Previously Published Red List Assessments 2004 – Endangered (EN) Geographic Range Range Description: This species is known with certainty only from the type locality in Táchira State, Venezuela (Boca del Monte, Camino del Pregonero), from 2,300-2,800m asl. Other Táchira localities listed in Barrio (1999) are unconfirmed. Country Occurrence: Native: Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Aromobates orostoma – published in 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T55259A11264820.en 1 Distribution Map © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Aromobates orostoma – published in 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T55259A11264820.en 2 Population It is an uncommon species. Current Population Trend: Unknown Habitat and Ecology (see Appendix for additional information) It inhabits mountain streams in cloud forest. The eggs are laid on land and the male protects the eggs. When they are hatched, the male carries the larvae on his back to water where they develop further. Systems: Terrestrial, Freshwater Threats (see Appendix for additional information) The major threats are agriculture, involving both crops and livestock, and agricultural pollution, and the area of occupancy of this species is now less than 20km². Conservation Actions (see Appendix for additional information) It is not known to occur in any protected areas, and protection of remaining tracts of forest habitat in the Venezuelan Andes is necessary. Credits Assessor(s): Enrique La Marca, Juan Elías García-Pérez Reviewer(s): Global Amphibian Assessment Coordinating Team (Simon Stuart, Janice Chanson, Neil Cox and Bruce Young) © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Aromobates orostoma – published in 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T55259A11264820.en 3 Bibliography Barrio Amorós, C.L. 2004. Amphibians of Venezuela Systematic List, Distribution and References, An Update. Review of Ecology in Latin America 9(3): 1-48. Frost, D.R. 1985. Amphibian Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press and the Association of Systematic Collections, Lawrence, Kansas. IUCN. 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2010.2). Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 29 June 2010). La Marca, E. 1992. Catálogo taxonómico, biogeográfico y bibliográfico de las ranas de Venezuela. Cuadernos Geográficos, Universidad de Los Andes 1: 1-197. La Marca, E. 1994. Descripción de un género nuevo de ranas (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) de la Cordillera de Mérida, Venezuela. Anuario de Investigación 1991, Inst. Geografia Univ. Los Andes, Mérida: 39-41. La Marca, E. 1995. Crisis de biodiversidad en anfibios de Venezuela: estudio de casos. In: Alonso-Amelot, M.E. (ed.), La Biodiversidad Neotropical y la Amenaza de las Extinciones, pp. 47-69. Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida. La Marca, E. 1997. Lista actualizada de los anfibios de Venezuela. In: La Marca, E. (ed.), Vertebrados Actuales y Fosiles de Venezuela, pp. 103-120. Museo de Ciencias y Tecnología de Mérida, Mérida. La Marca, E. 2005. Estatus de poblaciones de ranas de la familia Dendrobatidae (Amphibia: Anura) en sus localidades tipo en los Andes de Venezuela. Herpetotropicos 2(2): 73-86. Mijares-Urrutia, A. and La Marca, E. 1997. Tadpoles of the genus Nephelobates (Amphibia, Anura, Dendrobatidae) from Venezuela. Tropical Zoology: 133-142. Péfaur, J.E. 1985. New species of Venezuelan Colostethus (Dendrobatidae). Journal of Herpetology: 321327. Rivero, J.A. 1976. Notas sobre los anfibios de Venezuela II. Sobre los Colostethus de los Andes venezolanos. Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle: 327-344. Rivero, J.A. 1988. Sobre las relaciones de las especies del género Colostethus (Amphibia, Dendrobatidae). Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle: 3-32. Citation Enrique La Marca, Juan Elías García-Pérez. 2010. Aromobates orostoma. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T55259A11264820. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.20102.RLTS.T55259A11264820.en Disclaimer To make use of this information, please check the Terms of Use. External Resources For Images and External Links to Additional Information, please see the Red List website. © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Aromobates orostoma – published in 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T55259A11264820.en 4 Appendix Habitats (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes) Habitat Season Suitability Major Importance? 1. Forest -> 1.9. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane - Suitable Yes 5. Wetlands (inland) -> 5.1. Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) - Suitable Yes Threats (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes) Threat Timing Scope Severity Impact Score 2. Agriculture & aquaculture -> 2.1. Annual & perennial non-timber crops -> 2.1.2. Small-holder farming Ongoing - - - Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation Ongoing - Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation Ongoing - Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation 2. Agriculture & aquaculture -> 2.3. Livestock farming & ranching -> 2.3.2. Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming 9. Pollution -> 9.3. Agricultural & forestry effluents -> 9.3.4. Type Unknown/Unrecorded - - - - Conservation Actions Needed (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes) Conservation Actions Needed 1. Land/water protection -> 1.1. Site/area protection 2. Land/water management -> 2.1. Site/area management Research Needed (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes) Research Needed 1. Research -> 1.2. Population size, distribution & trends 1. Research -> 1.3. Life history & ecology © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Aromobates orostoma – published in 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T55259A11264820.en 5 Research Needed 1. Research -> 1.5. Threats 1. Research -> 1.6. Actions 3. Monitoring -> 3.1. Population trends Additional Data Fields Distribution Lower elevation limit (m): 2300 Upper elevation limit (m): 2800 Population Population severely fragmented: No © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Aromobates orostoma – published in 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T55259A11264820.en 6 The IUCN Red List Partnership The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; Microsoft; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; Wildscreen; and Zoological Society of London. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™