WHAT'S YOUR NAME? My name is Samuel. HOW OLD ARE YOU?

• WHAT'S YOUR NAME?
My name is Samuel.
• HOW OLD ARE YOU?
I am 16 years old.
• HOW ARE YOU?
I am fine thanks.
4. WHERE ARE YOU FROM?
I am from México.
• WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
I live in Iztacalco.
• WHAT'S YOUR ADRESS?
My address is 28 Juan N. Mirafuentes. Los Reyes Iztacalco.
• WHAT'S YOUR PHONE NUMBER?
My phone number is 55−90−11−24
• WHAT'S YOUR OCUPATION?
I am student
• HOW MANY BROTHERS OR SISTER DO YOU HAVE?
I have one sister.
ALPHABET
ABCDEFGHIJKL
EI BI CI DI I EF GI EICH AI JEY KEY EL
MNOPQRSTUVWX
EM EN OU PI QUIO AR ES TI IU VI DOUBLEVI EX
YZ
WAY ZII.
NUMBERS
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1. One 6. Six
2. Two 7. Seven
3. Three 8. Eight
4 Four 9. Nine
5 Five 10. Ten
11. Eleven 16. Sixteen
12. Twelve 17. Seventeen
13. Three teen 18. Eighteen
14. Fourteen 19. Nineteen
15. Fifteen 20. Twenty
30. Thirty 70. Seventy
40. Forty 80. Eighty
50. Fifty 90. Ninety
60. Sixty 100. One hundred
1000. One thousand
HOMEWORK.
485. Four hundred eighty five.
537. Five hundred thirty seven.
486. Four hundred eighty six.
347. Three hundred forty seven.
655. Six hundred fifty five.
586. five hundred eighty six.
325. Three hundred twenty five.
438. Four hundred thirty eight.
1327. One thousand and three hundred twenty seven.
4585. Four thousand and five hundred eighty five.
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6585. Six thousand and five hundred eighty six.
10801. Ten thousand eight hundred one.
MATHEMATICS OPERATIONS.
PLUS +
MINUS −
TIMES X
DIVIDED BY /
VERB TO−BE (ser o estar).
AM, IS, ARE.
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
They are
Positive
+ verb to be + complement.
I am Samuel, I am student
Negative
+ verb to be + complement.
in negative.
I am not Samuel / she is not Maria
Interrogative
Verb to be + + Complement + ?.
Are they killers?, is it a dog?. Yes they are, No it is not
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Are you Mariah? No, I am not.
Are you Hugo? Yes, I am.
Am I Juan Carlos? No, you are not.
Are you 21 years old? No I am not.
Is John 16 years old? Yes, he is.
Am I 20 years old? No, you are not.
Are you student? Yes I am.
Is she seller? Yes she is.
PEOPLE.
Dear Michael.
My name is Kate Murray. I am from Boston, Massachusetts. I'm a student at Jefferson High school, and I'm
16 years old.
WRITE:
My name is Kate Murray.
I'm from Boston, Massachusetts.
I `m a student at Jefferson high, school.
And I'm 16 years old.
ASK AND ANSWER
A: Is Kate a student?
Yes, she is
A: Is she from Texas?
No, she isn't
She is from Massachusetts.
HOW IS HE LOOK LIKE?
Ricky Sanchez is a drummer in a rock group. Ricky is from Dallas, Texas. He's twenty five years old.
• What's his name? Ricky Sanchez.
• What's his occupation? He's a drummer in a rock group.
• Where`s he from? He's from Dallas, Texas.
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• How old is he? He's 25 years old.
• How is he look like? He's very funny, is short, fat, blond, intelligent.
AUXILIARY VERBS.
INTRODUCTION.
There are three classes of verbs in English.
• The auxiliary verb, do, be and have. (question and negative form).
• Modal auxiliary verbs. These are verbs such as must, can, should, might, will and would.
• There are auxiliary verbs because they help others verbs (can express ability and obligation) have to,
allowed to.
• You must be home by 11:30 pm
• Bye! I have to be home by 11:00 pm
• You have to stay in the bed for a few days.
Must − debe / tener que.
Can − poder / puede.
Should − deber (consejo).
Might, may − poder.
Will − simple future.
Would − querer.
Have to − tener
Allowed − se te permite.
DO, HAVE AND BE.
Use the correct form of do, have, be and complete the sentences.
• Does Gino just left to Peru?
• When is she going to call your mother?
• Do you have enough money yesterday?
• When the train stopped, the passengers were very warrior.
• She has been given a thousand dollars for her story.
• We need help do you know how to do this?
• I am afraid. I have spilled my coffee.
• We waited until we were rescued.
• When are you going back to Brazil?
• I am afraid the children have written on your wall
SIMPLE PRESENT.
Is one of the most common tenses in English it can refer to present ( now), but ii can also refer to all time and
regular time (permanent situations and habits).
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Example.
I want a cup of tea − now
The sun rises in the east − all time
I play tennis on Sunday morning − regular time.
Structure of present simple
Affirmative.
+ verb in + complement.
Simple
Form
She dances cumbia in the middle of the floor
Negative
+ auxiliary + verb in + complement.
Do / does simple
In negative form
I don't work in the supermarket
Interrogative
Auxiliary + + verb in + complement.
Do / does simple
Form
Do they play soccer in the park?
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
I Verb in
YOU simple form DO
HE 3er person
SHE he works by DOES
IT the morning
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WE Verb in simple
YOU form DO
THEY
Complete the following sentences using DO or TO BE.
• She doesn't usually go to school in the afternoon.
• We are in Culiacan.
• They aren't my friends.
• We are in the class by the morning.
• They don't usually read books.
Answer the following questions use present tense.
• Which are your favorite colors? My favorite color is gray and blue.
• Why do you study English? Because I want be a successful person.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS.
We use present continuous for:
• To express an activity that is happening now.
Don't turn the TV off, I am watching it.
You can't speak to Jane, she's having a bath.
• To express an activity r situation that is true now, but is nor necessarily happening at the moment of
speaking.
Don't take that book, Jane is reading it.
I'm doing a French evening course this year.
• To express a temporally activity.
Peter is a student, but he is working as a barman during the holydays.
• To express a planned future arrangement.
I'm having lunch with Brenda tomorrow.
We are meeting at one outside the restaurant.
Rules for present continuous.
• The normal rule is to add−ing to the base form of verbs.
Going wearing visiting eating.
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• Verbs that end in one e, lose the −e add ing.
Smoke − smoking Come − coming Write − writing
• In verbs of one syllable, with one vowel and + one consonant, the consonant is double.
Stop − stopping get − getting run − running
But if the final consonant is −y or −w, it is not double.
Play − playing show − showing.
But verbs that end in −ee don't lose an −e
Agree − agreeing see − seeing
STRUCTURES.
Affirmative.
+ verb to be + verb in + complement.
Ing form
She is cooking a cake on the kitchen.
Negative.
+ verb to be + verb in + complement.
In negative ing form
They aren't studying English in my house
Interrogative.
Verb to be + + verb in + complement + ?
Am I working at the Macdonald's?
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE.
Past present present
Perfect
In English the present perfect is essentially a present tense but it also expresses the effect of past actions and
activities on the present.
The present perfect doesn't express when an action happened. If we say the exact time we have to use the
simple past.
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♦ In my life I have traveled to all five continents.
♦ I traveled round Africa in 1988
♦ I learned English since 1991
♦ I have learned English for 12 years.
The present perfect has three main uses.
• It expresses on action which began in the past and still continues.
I have lived in the same house for 20 years.
2. It express on experience that happened at sometimes in one's life. (the action is in the past and finished, but
effects of the action are still felt).
I ` ve been to the States unites. (I still remember that)
3. It expresses a past action that has a present result. The action is usually in the recent past.
I have lost my money
What have you done with you lip? (It is bleeding)
Peter has shaved his beard off? ( he looks different)
STRUCTURES.
Affirmative
+ auxiliary + verb in past + complement
has / have participle
I have played tennis for 3 days
Negative.
+ auxiliary + verb in past + complement
has / have participle
in negative
She hasn't eaten cookies.
Interrogative.
Auxiliary + + verb in past + complement + ?
Has / have participle
Have we danced since 3 years ago?
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WRITE FIVE SENTENCES PRESENTE CONTINUOUS, SIMPLE PRESENT AND PRESENT PERFECT.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS.
• I am playing soccer in the park.
• I am not playing football in the park.
• Am I playing soccer in the park.
• She is cooking a cake.
• She isn't cooking a cake.
• Is she cooking a cake.
• We are studying mathematics.
• We aren't studying mathematics.
• Are we studying mathematics?
• They are baking a cookies in my house.
• They aren't baking cookies in my house.
• Are they baking cookies in my house?
• You are killing my head.
• You aren't killing my head.
• Are you killing my head?
SIMPLE PRESENT.
• She eats a sandwich
• She doesn't eat a sandwich
• Does she eat a sandwich?
• I play the piano every days.
• I don't play the piano every days.
• Do I play the piano every day?
• He lives in Rome.
• He doesn't live in Rome.
• Does he live in Rome ?
• We have a little dog.
• We don't have a little dog.
• Do we have a little dog ?
• You comb your hair.
• You don't comb your hair.
• Do you comb your hair ?
PRESENT PERFECT.
• I have beaten my box.
• I haven't beaten my box.
• Have I beaten my box ?
• He has drunk his milk.
• He hasn't drunk his milk.
• Has he drunk his milk ?
• They have done their homework.
• They haven't done their homework.
• Have they done their homework ?
• She has driven this car.
• She hasn't driven this car.
• Has she driven this car ?
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• It has bitten my toy
• It hasn't bitten my toy
• Has it bitten my toy ?
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS.
• Remember the ideas expresses by all continuous form.
• Activities in progress.
I was having a bath when the telephone rang / I have been working since nine o' clock this morning.
• Temporary activities.
We're staying with friends until we find our own place to live. / we have been living with them for 6 months.
• Possibly incomplete activity.
I'm writing a report. I have to finish it by tomorrow. / who has been eating my sandwich ?
AFFIRMATIVE.
+ auxiliary + been + verb in + complement.
Has / have ing
I have been in love with you since three years ago.
NEGATIVE.
+ auxiliary + been + verb in + complement.
Has / have ing
In negative
They hasn't been sleeping for six hours in the hospital.
INTERROGATIVE.
Auxiliary + + been + verb in + complement.
Have / has ing
Has he been bleeding all night?
VERB TO BE IN PAST.
AFFIRMATIVE
+ verb tobe + Complement.
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Was, were
I was in my classroom when happened this accident
NEGATIVE.
+ verb to be + Complement.
Was, were in
Negative.
She was the queen of my generation.
INTERROGATIVE.
Verb to be + + Complement + ?
Was it a terrible experience ?
SIMPLE PAST
AFFIRMATIVE
+ verb in + Complement.
Past form
They ate pizza in their department.
NEGATIVE.
+ auxiliary + verb in + complement.
Didn't simple form
I didn't mix the food.
INTERROGATIVE.
Auxiliary + + verb in + complement ?
Did simple form
Did you draw this picture ?
PAST CONTINUOS
AFFIRMATIVE
+ verb to be + verb in + complement
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in past ing
It was burning in my room
NEGATIVE
+ verb to be + verb in + complement.
In past in ing
Negative
You weren't drinking this party
INTERROGATIVE
Verb to be + + verb in ing + complement + ?
Were we dancing in these tables?
EXCERCISES.
• Write if is simple present or present perfect.
• She is an important scientist.
SIMPLE PRESENT.
• Have you seen the historical ruins?
PRESENT PERFECT.
• I work for a big company.
SIMPLE PRESENT.
• We have read the report. It is interesting.
PRESENT PERFECT.
• The kitchen is dirty.
SIMPLE PRESENT.
• The dinner is delicious.
SIMPLE PRESENT.
• It is fantastic movie.
SIMPLE PRESENT.
• We have a good dentist.
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SIMPLE PRESENT.
• Read the text about Ken and his wife, then make questions and dower them, like this:
What / Ken / do ?
What does Ken do ?
He is a businessman.
Read and write.
Ken Harper is a businessman. He is 37 years old. He works in downtown San Francisco at the Hiteach
Corporation. Headquarters on the thirty fourth floor of Transamerica building.
He and his wife, Diane, usually get up at seven o'clock in the morning.
Ken has toast, an egg, yogurt and coffee for breakfast. Then he takes Bart (the subway) to work. He usually
gets home from work at seven 0'clock in the evening. Then he watches the new in TV. Ken and Diane usually
entertain friends on weekends.
• Where / live ?
• Where / work ?
• What wife's / name ?
• When / get−up ?
• What / have for breakfast ?
• What / in the evening ?
• Where does he live ? He lives on the center of San Francisco.
• Where does he work ? He works in San Francisco
• What's wife's Ken name? Her name's Diane
• When does he get−up ? He gets−up al seven o'clock
• What does he have for breakfast? He has eggs, toast, yogurt and coffee.
• What does he do in the evening ? He watches the news on TV.
• Put the following words, phrases and punctuations marks in order, making correct questions and
sentences. Use the capital letters when necessary.
• to the factory / on Monday / you / or / Tuesday / can go.
You can go to the factory on Monday or Tuesday.
• today / ? /how / feeling / are / you.
How are you feeling today?
• you / I / the airport / at / or the hotel / can meet.
I can meet you at the airport or the hotel.
• travel / we / to Newton / by train / can / or bus.
We can travel to Newton by train or bus.
• tell me / how to / the post office / to / ? / got / can you.
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Can you tell me how to got the post office ?
• Complete the conversations. Then compare with a partner and practice them.
A= Can you tell me a little about yourself ? Where did you grow up ?
B= Well, I grow up in Ontario, Canada.
A= Oh ? Did you go to college in Toronto ?
B= No I didn't I went to college on Ottawa.
B= Where did you go to high school ?
A= I went to high school in San Diego, California.
B= And did you study French in this college ?
A= No I didn't I studied Spanish and Portuguese.
A= Where were you born?
B= I was born in Madrid.
• Write five questions to ask your classmates. Use past tense, then take turns asking the questions you
wrote.
Where were you born?
I WAS BORN IN MEXICO CITY.
Did you study to high school in Mexico city ?
YES I DID, I STUDIED THE HIGH SCHOOL IN JESUS MOSTACHE.
Did you work in summer holydays ? YES I DID.
Where did you work in the summer holydays ? I WORKED IN MACDONAL'S .
Did you go at the timbiriche's concert ? YES I DID.
How was the concert ? THE CONCERT WAS VERY FUNNY, THEY SANG ALL THEIR SONGS AND
GAVE US CD'S AND T−SHIRTS.
• Complete the conversations by writing do, does, am, is or are in the blanks.
Nat: I'm thirsty. What are you drinking?
Ser: I am drinking ice tea. Do you want some?
Nat: Thanks. Ummmm It is good.
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Chris: How often does Tony visit you?
Mark: Once or twice a week. He is looking for a new job. He and Jule are going to get married in a few
months.
Chris: That is wonderful I am happy for them.
Monse: I am very happy, because my sister will travel very soon.
Sam: It is good. Where does she go?
Monse: that she's going to Spain, and after France.
Sam: Will she travel to Portugal ?
Monse: No, she won't, because she haven't time.
Sam: Do you want to go with her?
Monse: No, because I am happy that I am going to be alone in my house.
• Write the correct form in the blanks using simple past or past continuous.
In October 1988, as thousands of gray whales (1. swim) were swimming south four the winter, the weather
near Alaska suddenly (2. get) got very cold. The ocean froze and trapped three young whales miles from open
water. Roy Ahmasgak (3. see) saw the whales as he (4. return) returned home on his snowmobile. He called
at TV station and soon everyone knew about the animals.
For almost two weeks people tried to help the whales, while they (5. work) were working to cut holes named
the whales Bonnet, Cossbeak and Bone. While the rescue workers (7. rest) were resting from they hard work,
they often (8. play) played with, the whales and petted them. When one of the whales from they hard work,
they often (8. play) were playing with the whales and petted them. When one of the whales died, they felt
terrible. Finally, a huge soviet ship pushed through the ice and opened a way through the ice while the whales
(9. leave) left workers (10. shout) were shouting happily. Bonnet and Crossbeak were safe at last!.
• Put the words and phrases in order to make correct sentences.
• In Hong Kong /. / Yesterday / I was.
I was in Honk Kong yesterday.
2. The man / Does / in / his / briefcase /? / have a lighter.
Does the man have a lighter in his briefcase?
3. Do / ? /at your / office / you / have / ant microcomputers.
Do you have any microcomputers at your office?
• /. / Doesn't / has / , / but / Julie / some oranges / any peach.
Julie doesn't has any peach, but she has some oranges.
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• You / do / phone /? / Jean's / have/ number.
Do you have Jean's phone number?
• some / keys / one / bag / . / has / her / in.
She has some keys in her bag.
• Complete the sentences. Use a logical verb in the present progressive tense.
a) Don't forget your umbrella. It's raining.
b) It's summer. The sun is shining and the sky is blue.
c) Tomorrow is final exam day. The student are studying.
d) Her birthday party is next Friday. All gets are making.
e) It's a sunny day. Judy and Raul are walking at the beach.
FUTURE FORMS.
English has several forms that can refer to the future.
Three of these are:
• will
• going to
• present continuous
The speaker choose a future form depending on when the decision was talken, and now the speaker sees the
future event.
WILL, GOING TO
PREDICTIONS.
Will for a prediction can be based more on an opinion than a fact. (realidad − hecho).
Example:
I think Laura will do very well in her exams. She works hard.
I am convinced that inflation will for to 3 porcent next year.
Going to − Can also express a prediction especially when it is based on a present fact. There is evidence now
that something is certain to happen.
Yessica is going to have a baby. (we can see she's pregnant).
It isn't going to rain today. (look at that blue sky and the sun is
17
shinning)
• Sometimes there is no difference between will and going to.
Will ruin
This the country with its stupid economic polices.
Is going to
Ruin.
WILL OR GOING TO
(DECISIONS AND INTENTIONS)
Will is also used as a modal auxiliary verb to express a decision, intention or offer made at the moment of
speaking.
EXAMPLE:
I'll have the steak, please
I'll see you tomorrow. Bye!
Give me a ring sometime. Well will go out a drink if you want.
Going to is used to express a future plan, decision or intention made before the moment of speaking.
EXAMPLE:
When I grow up. I'm going to be a doctor.
Jane and Peter are going to get married after they have graduated.
We are going to paint this room blue.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
(ARRAGEMENTS)
The present continuous can be used to express a future arrangements between people. It usually refers to the
near future.
EXAMPLE:
We are going out to Jeremy tonight.
I am having my hair cut tomorrow.
What are having for lunch ?.
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Think of the things you might put your diary to remind you of what you are doing over the next few days and
weeks.
These are the kinds of events that are often expressed by the present continuous for the future.
The verbs express some kind of activity or movement. Example.
I am meeting Peter tonight.
The Taylors are coming for dinner.
We are catching the 10:00 train.
I'm seeing the doctor in the morning.
We are going to a party on Saturday night.
STRUCTURES.
WILL
AFFIRMATIVE.
+ auxiliary + Verb in + complement + time expression.
Will simple form
I will help you
NEGATIVE.
+ auxiliary + verb in + complement + time expression.
Won't simple form
Mario won't learn mathematics in his all life.
INTERROGATIVE.
Auxiliary + + verb in + complement + time expression + ?
Will simple form
Will Lucas bake a cookies tomorrow morning ?
GOING TO
AFFIRMATIVE.
+ verb to be + auxiliary + complement + time expression
Going to
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I am going to go the party the next Monday.
NEGATIVE.
+ verb to be + auxiliary + complement + time expression
In negative going to
She isn't going to travel to Portugal the next month
INTERROGATIVE.
Verb to be + + auxiliary + complement + time expression + ?
Are they going to speak with the president tomorrow ?
PRESENT CONTINUOS
Affirmative.
+ verb to be + verb in + complement + time expression
Ing form
She is cooking a cake on the kitchen at the night
Negative.
+ verb to be + verb in + complement + time expression
In negative ing form
They aren't studying English in my house tomorrow afternoon.
Interrogative.
Verb to be + + verb in + complement + time expression + ?
Am I working at the Macdonald's the next month ?
1. complete the dialogues using a form of will or going to, and any other necessary words, sometimes
both future forms are possible.
• I have got a headache. Have you got any aspirins? Yes, it's in the bathroom. I am going to give it for
you.
• Don't forget to tell me if I can help you. Thank you I will makes a ring if think of any thing.
• Why are you making sandwiches ? Because we are going to have a picnic on the beach. What a lovely
idea! I am going to / will bring the towels and swimming costumes.
• I am going now! Bye!. Bye! What time are you going to come back tonight? I don't know. I will
phone you later.
• Can you repair my watch, please? Certainly. How much is it going to cost?. I charge twenty dollars
on hour. That's fine. When is it going to be ready? Friday morning. Lovely.
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• Complete the conversation with verbs in the present continuous. Use each of the verbs in the box
only. Read the dialogue to the end, before you start.
Invited stay come have make get book give travel deliver.
Sssh! Can you keep a secret?
A: Can you keep a secret?
B: Yes of course. What it is?
A: I am making a surprise party for Rosa, next Saturday. It's her thirtieth birthday.
B: A Surprise party!. That will be difficult to arrangement without her knowing. Who are you inviting ?
A: Everybody. All our friends, her friends from the work, all her family and her two aunts from Scotland.
They are staying over night in that small hotel at the end of our road.
B: What about the food and drink? Where are you giving that from ?
A: It's all arrangement. Marcello's restaurant is having all kinds of foods and drink on Saturday afternoon and,
their chef is delivering even are making a special birthday cake with pink icing and sugar flower.
B: Excellent! And what are you getting Rosa for her birthday? Have oyu got her a good present?
A: oh yes! I am booking a very special holiday.
POSESIVE PRONOUNS
I MY
YOU YOUR
HE HIS
SHE HER
IT ITS
WE OUR
YOU YOUR
THEY THEIR
CONNECTORS
(Although, because).
• Our neighbors want to move. Their apartment is too small.
Our neighbors want to move because their apartment is too small.
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• They are thinking about buying a house. They have two small children.
They are thinking about buy a home because they have two small children.
They are thinking about to buy a house although their apartment is beautiful.
• I loved to school. I hated to study.
I loved the school although I hated to study,
Join these pairs of sentences a sing although and because.
• We missed our train. We were five minutes late.
We missed our train because we were five minutes late.
• It was a terrible accident. No body died.
It was a terrible accident although no body died.
• I know they will be happy in the suburbs. I missed them.
I know they will be happy in the suburbs although I missed them.
• I had to clean the house for the party. I didn't go to work today.
I had to clean the house for the party although, because I didn't go to work today.
COUNTRIES / NATONALITIES.
Mexico − Mexican.
The USA − American.
Canada − Canadian.
Cuba − Cubain.
Korea − Korean.
Yugoslavia − Yusgoslavian.
Germany − Germanian.
Japan − Japanese.
China − Chinese.
India − Indian.
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Mongolia − Mogolian.
South Africa − African south.
Peru − Peruvian
Spanish − Spain.
Swden − Swedish.
Switzerland − Swiss.
Portugal − Portugese.
Italy − Italian.
France − French.
Greece − Greek
Holland − Dutch
Thailand − Thai.
Venezuela − Venezuelan.
Colombia − Colombian.
Denmark − Danish,
Australia − Autralian.
Ireland − Irish.
Argentina − Argentinean
Scotland − shish.
Homework. Write de correct words in the boxes joining it about its end.
IRREGULAR
ESE
ISH
AN.
Swiss Japanese Spanish Mexican.
French Chinese Swedish American
Greek Portuguese Danish Canadian
Dutch Cuban
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Irish Korean
Scott Yugoslavia
Thai Germanian
Italian
Mongolian
African
Peruvian
Indian
Venezuelan
Colombian
Australian
Argentinean
CONECTORS.
CONJUNCIONES
ESPAÑOL
Pero
Como
Así
Con todo
No sea que
Ni
O
A menos que
Tan bueno como
Con tal que
Que
Y
Entoces
INGLES
But
As
So
Yet
Unless, lest
Nor, neither
Or, either
Tough, although
As well as
Provided
Than
And
And then
PRONUNCIACIÓN
Bat
Es
So
Yet
Anles, lest
Nor, nider
Or, ider
Dou, oldo
As velas
Pruvaided
Den
End
End den.
Put the right conjution to join the next sentences.
• I am not going to sweep the floor. I am too tired.
BECAUSE.
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• Peter / Rita went for a walk in the rain.
AND.
• My mother washes the clothes. The boys dirty them again.
BECAUSE.
• Would you like fish / chicken for lunch?
OR.
• I like buy book. I am to lazy o read them.
BUT.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS.
Myself
Yourself
Himself
Herself
Our self / our selves
Yourselves
Themselves.
• Complete this conversation using reflexive pronoun:
Myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves / our self, yourselves, themselves.
A: Is your husband here or did you come by yourself?
B: I came by myself George stayed home with the kids. They are too young to stay by themselves.
A: You and George ought to get yourself a good baby . sitter. All parents need to get out by themselves every
one in a while.
B: You are right, but we prefer to take care of the children our self.
COMPARTIVES AND SUPERLATIVES.
Rules:
• You have to use more with long adjectives (2 or more syllables)
• You have to user −er at the end short adjectives (1 or 2 syllables)
25
• You have to use the word than after the adjective to do the comparative.
ADJETIVE
Tall
Big
Large
Good
Small
Comfortable
Heavy
Private
Famous
Expensive
Bad
Relaxing
Beautiful
Popular
Nice
Thin
Attractive
COMPARATIVE
Taller
Bigger
Larger
Better
Smaller
More comfortable
Heavier
More private
More famous
More expensive
Worse
More relaxing
More beautiful
More popular
Nicer
Thiner
More attractive.
COMPARTATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES' BOX.
ADJETIVES
Old
COMPARATIVES
Older
SUPERLATIVES
The oldest
Safe
Safer
The safest
Big
Bigger
The bigger
Hot
Noisy
hotter
Noisier
The hottest
The noisiest
Dirty
Boring
Dirtier
More boring
The dirtiest
The most boring
Beautiful
More beautiful
The most beautiful
Expensive
Good
More expensive
Better
The most expensive
The best
Bad
Worse
The wrong
ONE SYLLABLE
ADJETIVES ENDING
−Y
ADJETIVES WITH
MORE SYBALLES
ADJETIVES
IRREGULAR
COMPARATIVES.
• My dog is funnier than Alina's dog.
• Javier's car is bigger that mine.
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• Daniel's joke is more interesting than Charlie's
• My t−shirt is shorter that yours.
• Lila's car is more expensive than mom's.
• My English exam is better than Ivan.
• Tom's house is more beautiful than Jerry's.
• You stereo is noisier than mine.
• Antonio is stronger than Raúl.
• You are more important than her.
SUPERLATIVES.
• My English is worst of the classroom.
• My little monster is more horrible in the world.
• Patty's pen is smallest of the office.
• The Nile river is the longest river in the world.
• Lord of the rings is the best movie that I saw in the last year.
• My cellular phone is most expensive in the market.
• Spankye is craziest dos in the world.
• Raúl is tallest in the classroom.
• I am the youngest boy in my friends group.
• My mistake biggest was disappoint you.
• In the city the life is easier than a country.
• The country is stronger than city.
• The city is more beautiful than country.
• The city is happier than country.
• The country is Crowder than city.
COUNTABLES AN UNCAOUNTABLES NOUN.
MANY: muchos o mucho.
MUCH: mucho.
SOME: alguno o algo/ alguno, algún.
A LOT OF: Una gran cantidad de / en demasiada.
A FEW: Poco
FEW: algunos
ANY: Algún, Alguna / ningún, ninguna.
COUNTABLES NOUNS!
Tomato − tomatoes
Potato − potatoes.
Red pepper − red peppers
Onion − uniones.
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UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS!.
Race, a bag of rice.
Flour, a bag of flour.
Black pepper, a can of pepper.
Milk, a gallon of milk.
QUANTITIES!
A bag of rice.
20 kilos of rice.
A dozen of eggs.
A quart / gallon of milk.
A box of cookies.
Are there some chewing gum? Yes there is some chewing gum, but there aren't many.
Are there some tomatoes? No, there aren't any, but there are some mushrooms.
Is there any rice? Yes, there is some but there isn't much.
TOO MUCH, TOO MANY.
• We have been on the beach for many hours.
• There are much people here.
• We have had much sun.
• There are too much loud radios. I have a headache.
CONVERSATION.
Ale: Can I help you?
Sam: Yes, please. I'd like a five bottles of coca cola.
Ale: Here you are. Any thing else?
Sam: yes, I want a pizza, one cake, ice cream and three cigarettes. How much is that?
Ale: that's fifty seven dollars.
Sam: OK here you are.
Ale: one moment please. Thank you.
Sam: bye.
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FOR AND SINCE.
For: it express a point in time. (por)
Since: it expresses a period of time. (desde)
Complete with for or since.
British Composer. Andrew Lloyd Webber has been writing successful musicals for twenty years. His biggest
money marker, cats, has been playing in several of the world's largest cities since 1981, and has been selling
out in New York since more than six years.
The box office has been keeping special hours for tickets went on safe for Lloyd Webber latest hit, phantom
of opera.
Theatergoers have been standing in line for hours to see these spectacular productions.
MAKE OR DO.
MAKE: it used about the physical things, you can touch it.
DO: it used about the abstract things, you can't touch it.
Complete the sentences using one of the expressions in the box below.
A phone call, nothing, a noise, a complaint, my best.
• Is there a public call box near here? I have to make a phone call.
• My teacher says I must work harder, but I can't work any harder, I am doing my best.
• We asked to see the manager we did a complaint about the terrible service in the restaurant.
• Shh! You mustn't make a noise the baby is asleep.
• When you are not sure what to do, the best thing is to do nothing.
EXERCISCE OF VOCABULARY.
• The words given are games of the Olympics sports, defined in the next sentences filling the blanks
with the appropriate words.
GZMOLKHRSA
HYNTWAOTHT
BLMAEXCUOH
IATNLOKPOL
CWSSATERTE
YYTKYSYLIT
CAFAETTNNI
29
LCERSTAIGC
IHNUTIBCCS
NTCOENTAUS
GIIURTXWLV
TNNAERIZTL
NGGWLMAOSU
WRESTLINGT
RQZLBOXING
• The name and sports of athletes. Athletics
• To fight with the hands tightly closed. Boxing
• To ride on two, wheeled vehide. Cycling
• Physical exercises performed in doors. Gymnastics
• To fight with swords, usually as a ball into elevated net. Fencing.
• A game in which players try to throw a ball into on elevated net. Basketball.
• To fight to hand to hand against person trying to throw him to the ground. Wrestling.
• To fire a gun at a target. Shooting.
• To navigate in small sail boat. Yachting.
• A game played with curved sticks on ice or grass. The players try to get a small disc called a puck into the
goal of other team. Hockey.
• Write the correct word on the line. Attractive, deep, light, neighborhood, enormous, heavy, neighbor,
perfect, prices, wide.
• Chirs tine didn't make any mistakes an the test, her work was perfect.
• I can't touch the bottom of pool. It is really deep .
• Janet is really beautiful, her sister is attractive too.
• I don't like to live in the move this box. It is very heavy.
• Bill's car is really big. In fact it is enormous.
• Bill can't park his new car in that narrow garage. The car us too wide
• It is nice to shop at William's department store. It has very low prices.
• Put a check ( ) before the correct answer.
1. The Cheshire family loves ( ) cats ( ) Dogs.
2. Leo Cheshire is Tiger's ( ) Father ( ) Uncle.
3. Felicia is kitty's ( ) Aunt ( ) Mother.
4. Kitty is Tiger's ( ) Cousin ( ) sister.
5. Tiger's eyes are ( ) Blue ( ) Brown.
6. Kitty and Einstein have ( ) Dark hair ( ) Curly hair.
7. Gus is ( ) Strong ( ) Elegant.
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8. Leo is ( ) Tall ( ) Short.
9. Felicias's hair is ( ) blond ( ) black.
10. The Cheshire look like ( ) each other ( ) their cats.
• Write these words in the boxes and use ( * ) to mark the stressed syballes.
• *Ancient − Antiguo 6. *Jungle − Jungla
• Sur*vive − Sobrevivir 7. *Weapon − arma
• Pre*serve − Mantener 8. Des*troy − Destrozar
• *Hostile − Hostil 9. Net*work − Red
• *Thriller − Suspenso 10. Re*main − Permanecer
*ANCIENT
SUR*VIVE
PRE*SERVE
*HOSTILE
*THRILLER
*JUNGLE
*WEAPON
DES*TROY
*NETWORK
RE*MAIN
ADVERS OF FRECUENCY.
• We often use adverbs of frecuency with the present simple.
O% 50% 100 %
Never rarely no often sometimes often usually always
• They go before the main verb, but after the verb to be.
I usually go to the bed at 11:00.
I don't often go swimming.
She never eats meal.
I rarely see Peter these days.
He is never late for school.
I'm usually in a hurry in the morning.
• Sometimes and usually can be also come at the beginning or the end.
Sometimes we play cards.
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We play cards sometimes
Usually I go to shopping with friends.
I go shopping with my friends usually.
Homework. Write three sentences with the adverbs of frecuency.
• I never arrive late at the school.
She never dances with her boyfriend.
We never do the homework.
• I rarely drink alcohol.
I rarely smoke in the parties.
She rarely comes at the school.
• He often comes to the classes.
You often play tennis.
I often do my homework.
• I usually eat at the 3:00 pm.
We usually go to the pool.
She usually studies English.
• I always take a shower.
You always come to my home.
It always sleeps in my bed.
• Sometimes I run in the park.
She feeds her baby sometimes.
Sometime he cooks a cake.
• They go to lay football usually.
Usually we do the news paper.
Usually she draws pictures.
MODALS TO EXPRESS OBLIGATIONS.
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1. − Must express a strong obligation with a personals feelings (tips). All visitors report to reception.
You mustn't steal things! It's naughty.
2. − Have to express a general obligation based on a law or rule. Nurses have to wear uniform. Malcolm has
to drive thousand miles a week in this job.
3. − Sometimes, must and have are similar.
I must go with her I have to go with her.
Sometimes there is a difference. Must is a personal. When w expresses our personal feelings, and says what
we say what we think is important or necessary.
You must work harder (I'm telling you want to do)
I must wash my hair. It's dirty. (I'm telling myself that it's necessary).
4. Have to is impersonal. It expresses a general obligation based on what another person tell us to do.
We have to wear a stupid uniform (it is school rule)
5. Can, can't expresses something that you can't do because there is a thing that prevent you, but the rule is
evaded.
We can't smoke here.
Rocio can't go to the party. (She is sick).
• Be allowed expresses a permission of a higher.
We aren't allowed to buy what we want.
Exercises. Think of same things that you can and can't do in the following places.
• A church.
You have to be quiet.
You must sing with us
You don't have to talk.
• A museum.
You can't take pictures
You must talk slow.
You don't have to run.
• A park.
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You must care for the trees.
You have to gather your rubbish.
You can't walk on the green areas.
• In jail for young people.
You mustn't go with any clothes.
You aren't allowed go with jewellery.
You can't talk with the prisoners in private.
• A swimming pool.
You have to wear slippers.
You mustn't eat in the pool.
You can't run.
HAD AND WOULD.
Would− expresses a offer
+ auxiliary + Complement,
Would
I would like a cup of tea
I told you, he would a cake.
Had− expresses something what I had to do.
+ auxiliary + verb in + Complement
Would past
participle.
I knew, I had seen him before.
I was tires because I had been up since six.
EL ADJETIVO.
Uso de los adjetivos.
• El adjetivo no cambia de forma en función al nombre que califica.
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♦ Héctor es joven
♦ El hombre viejo.
♦ La casa bonita.
♦ An old man.
♦ A red notebook
♦ The pretty girl.
• La mayoría de los adjetivos puede colocarse en 3 posiciones diferentes:
• Delante de los nombres: green onions.
• Detrás de los verbos: He looked very angry.
• Al comienzo de la frase, Las frases adjetivas siguen al nombre que describe pero cuando describen al
sujeto pueden ir colocados al comienzo o al final de la frase.
France is a country famous for its food.
Weary after their long day, the children were soon a sleep
♦ Algunos adjetivos solo aparecen delante del nombre
This is the man thing that. I want to say to you
• Otros como well, ill, fond of, y muchos que comienzan como a wake, afraid, ashamed, nunca van
delante del nombre.
I'm sorry. Peter's been ill.
I'm very fond of here.
• Algunos adjetivos pueden ir detrás de the en forma de nombres referidos a grupos de personas. Estos
adjetivos llevan el nombre del plural.
The old man need deserve all our help and assistance.
• Esta construcción no es posible en singular, en este caso deben acompañarse siempre al nombre.
A blind man.
A poor person.
1. Exercises. Find the adjectives and the noun in each sentence, write them in the boxes.
• She is an important scientist.
• Have you seen the historical ruins?
• I work for a big company.
• We've read the report. It's interesting.
• The kitchen is dirty.
• The dinner is delicious.
• It's a fantastic movie,
• We have a good dentist.
ADJETIVE
Important
NOUN
Scientist
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Historical
Ruins
Big
Company
Interesting
Report
Dirty
Kitchen
Delicious
Dinner
Fantastic
Movie
Good
Dentist.
• Match the verb with the correct phrase by choosing a or b
1. do a− chess b− exercises.
Do a exercises.
2. Take a− pictures b− Italian food.
Take a pictures.
3. Go a− jogging b− tennis.
Go jogging.
4. Bake a− soup b− cookies.
Bake a soup.
5. Play a− tennis b− dancing.
Play tennis.
6. Watch a− a book b− television.
Watch television
IIN, ON , AT
(prepositions.)
FOR TIME.
• We use at for times and certain expressions.
At lunch time. At midnight.
At 8:00. At weekend.
At Christmas. At the same time.
At the moment. At the age of nine.
• We use on for days and dates.
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On Friday.
On September 10 th.
On Friday morning.
On Saturday evening.
• We use in longer periods such a months, years and second.
In April In 1975
In summer In the nineteenth century
FOR PLACES.
• In is used to express a position inside a place.
He works in an office in London.
He lives in the south of England
He eats in a restaurant.
There are lost of shop in the airport.
• At is use to express a location at the point.
Lucinda`s at home
Justin's at Ben's house.
I'll see you at the cinema at 8:00.
I met him at the bus − stop.
• On us used to talk about position an surface.
Your dinner is on the table.
Don't sit on the floor.
Exercises. Put in, on, at, or nothing into each gap.
• It's my birthday at next week. When?
On Monday
In what time were you born?
At 8:00 in the morning.
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• I'm meeting Alan at this evening. What time? At the six.
• What did you do in the weekend? At the Friday evening. We went to a party. We slept in late. At
Saturday morning, and them at the afternoon we went shopping. At 7:00 some friends.
• I met my husband in Italy. He was in a buying pasta. I was on a queue, waiting to buy some bread.
• Last night I was at the kitchen, when I lost my glasses. I looked on all shelves and on all the
cupboards. I thought I had put them on one of the drawers, but they weren't there. They certainly
weren't on the table or the at floor. Had I left them at work? Where they in the car? Them I realized.
Where they were. Where they in my nose.
• Where were at 2:00?
in the beach in Sonora
on work? On a Boat
at bath? at home
PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE.
In / On (road)− en, dentro de..
In center of − en el centro de.
Next to − despues de / siguiente de .
On the corner of − en la esquina de / dentro de la esquina de
Near − cerca.
Opposite − opsotivo de / al contrario de
Behind − detrás de .
Between and − entre.
In front − en frente de .
Gas
station
library
museum
FIRTS
P
I
N
E
O
restaurant A
K
Pay phone
Macdonals
STREET
S
Plaza
hotel
S
T
T
R
SECOND E
E
Bookstore Post office R
E
STREET
E
T
supermarket
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T
bank
drugstore
39