El humor como factor de la creatividad en la publicidad televisiva.pdf

Anuncio
AUTOR
Miguel Baños González
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
3,1&#59=-/()J&'E.9#)
INVESTIGACIÓN
RECIBIDO
26 de enero de 2009
ACEPTADO
21 de abril de 2009
PÁGINAS
De la
ISSN: 1885-365X
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva
The humor as a creativity factor in tv advertising
El objetivo de esta investigación es comprobar si el humor es una variable realmente importante de la creatividad publicitaria en el medio televisión. Y para comprobarlo se diseña un experimento en el que se compara el humor con otras fórmulas frecuentemente utilizadas en publicidad.
!"# $%&"'()(*"*# *&# +,-# .&/-"0&-# 123+($('"%(,-# %&"+(4"*,-# &-1&$56$".&/'&# 1"%"# &+# &71&%(.&/',8# &-#
evaluada por un grupo de expertos que valoran una serie de factores característicos de la creativi­
*"*#9&/&%"+8#02/',#"#,'%,-#&-1&$56$,-#*&#+"#"$'()(*"*#123+($('"%("#:2/*".&/'"+&-#1"%"#+"#$%&"'()(*"*#
en el ámbito de la comunicación comercial. PALABRAS CLAVE:#;23+($(*"*8#<%&"'()(*"*8#=2.,%8#>&/-"0&#123+($('"%(,8#;23+($(*"*#'&+&)(-()"?#
!"#$ %&'%()#$ (*$ +",)$ '#)#-'."$ ,)$ +($ ,/0#)+,1-+#$ 2"#+"#'$ +"#$ "&3('$ ,)$ -$ )&*4.,#/+56$ ,3%('+-/+$ -)%#.+$ (*$ +"#$ -70#'+,),/1$
.'#-+,0,+6$,/$!8$3#7,-9$:/$#;%#',3#/+<$2"#'#$"&3('$,)$.(3%-'#7$2,+"$(+"#'$3#+"(7)$'#.#/+56$&)#7<$"-)$=##/$7#),1/#7$
+($%'(0#$,+9
>'#-+,0,+6$(*$+"#$-70#'+,),/1$3#))-1#)$)%#.,4.-556$%'(7&.#7$*('$+"#$#;%#',3#/+$,)$#0-5&-+#7$=6$-$1'(&%$(*$#;%#'+)<$2"($
+-?#$,/+($.(/),7#'-+,(/$-$)#',#)$(*$*-.+(')$+"-+$-'#$."-'-.+#',)+,.$(*$1#/#'-5$.'#-+,0,+6$-/7$(+"#')$+"-+$-'#$*&/7-3#/+-5$*('$
.'#-+,0,+6$*(.&)#7$(/$.(33#'.,-5$.(33&/,.-+,(/9
KEY WORDS: @*)&%'(-(/98#$%&"'()('A8#B2.,%8#"*)&%'(-(/9#.&--"9&8#CD#"*)&%'(-(/9?
Introducción
@5$"&3('$#)$&/-$7#$5-)$*A'3&5-)$3B)$&+,5,C-7-)$#/$5-$.(3&/,.-.,A/$%&=5,.,+-',-$%-'-$.-%+-'$
5-$-+#/.,A/$7#5$%D=5,.($(=E#+,0(9$F/$#5#0-7($%('.#/+-E#$7#$5()$-/&/.,()$%'#3,-7()$#/$5()$
%',/.,%-5#)$*#)+,0-5#)$7#$%&=5,.,7-7$'#.&''#/$-$#)+#$+'-+-3,#/+(G$-/&/.,()$H&#<$%(.($7#)­
%&I)<$)#$'#%,+#/$#/$%'(1'-3-)$7#$C-%%,/1<$)#$7,).&+#/$#/$*('()$0,'+&-5#)$(<$),3%5#3#/+#$
)#$.(/0,#'+#/$#/$+#3-$7#$.(/0#')-.,A/9
@5$"&3('<$#/$%',/.,%,(<$.-%+-$5-$-+#/.,A/$7#5$#)%#.+-7('<$5($H&#$/($+,#/#$%('$H&I$.(,/.,7,'$
Revista Comunicación y Hombre ∙ Número 5 ∙ Año 2009
4
INVESTIGACIONES
.(/$5-$#4.-.,-$7#5$3#/)-E#$/,$.(/$5($H&#$)#$#/+,#/7#$%('$.'#-+,0,7-7$%&=5,.,+-',-9$
@5$7#=-+#$)(='#$5-$%#'+,/#/.,-$7#$&+,5,C-'$#5$"&3('$#/$5-$%&=5,.,7-7$0,#/#$7#$5#E()9$K1,506$
LMNOPQ<$#/$)&$5,='($R>(/*#),(/#)$7#$&/$%&=5,.,+-',(S$#).',=,AT$R@5$%D=5,.($/($.(3%'-$%-6-­
)-7-)S9$U('$5-$3,)3-$I%(.-$V#'/=-."$7#*#/7W-$5-$,3%('+-/.,-$7#5$"&3('$%-'-$1'-+,4.-'$
-5$ '#.#%+('$ 7#5$ 3#/)-E#$ %('$ )&$ %-.,#/.,-9$ X##0#)$ %(/W-$ 7#$ '#5,#0#$ 5-$ )&%'#3-.W-$ 7#5$
-/&/.,($+(+-53#/+#$'-.,(/-5$H&#$7#3()+'-)#$7#$&/-$*('3-$7,'#.+-$#5$=#/#4.,($=B),.($6$
7,*#'#/.,-5$7#5$%'(7&.+($($)#'0,.,(9$Y#($V&'/#++$7#)+-.-=-$#5$%-%#5$7#$5()$0-5('#)$#/$&/-$
.(3&/,.-.,A/$7,',1,7-$-5$%D=5,.($3#7,($6$%'(+-1(/,C-7-$%('$%#')(/-E#)$/('3-5#)9$>-7-$
&/($7#$#)+()$1'-/7#)$%&=5,.,+-',()$+,#/#$)&$#)+,5($%'(%,($6$)&$*('3-$7#$0-5('-'$#5$"&3('$
#/$%&=5,.,7-79
@5$(=E#+,0($7#$#)+-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/$#)$.(3%'(=-'$),$#5$"&3('$#/$%&=5,.,7-7$#)$&/-$0-',-­
=5#$'#-53#/+#$,3%('+-/+#$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$%&=5,.,+-',-$#/$&/$3#7,($.(/$+-/+-$'#%#'.&),A/$
.(3($#)$5-$+#5#0,),A/9$Z$%-'-$.(3%'(=-'5(<$0-3()$-$.(3%-'-'$#5$"&3('$.(/$(+'-)$*A'3&5-)$
+-3=,I/$3&6$*'#.&#/+#)$#/$5()$3#/)-E#)$%&=5,.,+-',()T$5-$7#3()+'-.,A/<$5-$7'-3-+,C-.,A/$
6$#5$%'(=5#3-[)(5&.,A/9
U-'-$ #0-5&-'$ 5-$ .'#-+,0,7-7$ 7#$ 5()$ 3#/)-E#)$ %&=5,.,+-',()$ &+,5,C-'#3()$ -51&/()$ 7#$ 5()$
*-.+('#)$3B)$,3%('+-/+#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$E&/+($-$-51&/()$(+'()$#)%#.W4.()$7#$5-$-.+,0,­
7-7$%&=5,.,+-',-$H&#$.(/),7#'-3()$*&/7-3#/+-5#)$%-'-$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$#/$#5$B3=,+($7#$5-$
.(3&/,.-.,A/$.(3#'.,-59
>(/$#)+()$*-.+('#)$55#0-'#3()$-$.-=($&/$-/B5,),)$%-'-$.(3%'(=-'$5-)$'#5-.,(/#)$H&#$)#$
#)+-=5#.#/$#/+'#$5()$*-.+('#)$.&-/7($)#$-/-5,C-/$#/$#5$.-3%($7#$5-$%&=5,.,7-79
1.- Investigación
E?E?F#GHIJCKDG#J#=K;LCJMKM
Objetivos de la investigación:
\$@)+&7,-'$5-)$'#5-.,(/#)$#;,)+#/+#)$#/$#5$%'(.#)($7#$.'#-.,A/$%&=5,.,+-',-$#/+'#$5-$&+,­
5,C-.,A/$7#$&/$1I/#'($%&=5,.,+-',($7#+#'3,/-7($.(3($#)$#5$]&3('$6$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$7#$5()$
-/&/.,()9
\$:/-5,C-'$ 5-)$ 7,0#')-)$ '#5-.,(/#)$ H&#$ )#$ 7-/$ #/+'#$ 5()$ 7,*#'#/+#)$ *-.+('#)$ &+,5,C-7()$
%-'-$0-5('-'$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7<$.&-/7($)#$-%5,.-/$-$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$%&=5,.,+-',-9
\$^/0#)+,1-'$H&I$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$%#'.,=,7-<$6$#/$H&I$3#7,7-<$)#$'#5-.,(/-/$.(/$
.-7-$&/($7#$5()$1I/#'()$,/0#)+,1-7()9
INVESTIGACIONES
E?P?F#J!#;QG<JMG#RJ#CQ@H@IG
U-'-$55#0-'$-$.-=($5-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/$(%+-3()$%('$.'#-'$-/&/.,()$%-'-$+#5#0,),A/$H&#$'#.&­
''-/$-$7,*#'#/+#)$*A'3&5-)$($1I/#'()$%&=5,.,+-',()<$,7#/+,4.-7()$6$7,*#'#/.,-7()$7#$-.&#'­
7($.(/$&/-$)#',#$7#$.',+#',()9
U-'-$ 7#)-''(55-'$ 5()$ -/&/.,()$ H&#$ 0-/$ -$ )#'$ &+,5,C-7()$ #/$ 5-$ ,/0#)+,1-.,A/<$ (%+-3()$
%('$$-5&3/()$7#5$D5+,3($.&')($7#$5-$+,+&5-.,A/$7#$U&=5,.,7-7$6$X#5-.,(/#)$UD=5,.-)<$H&#$
-7#3B)<$"&=,#)#/$.&')-7($5-$3-6('W-$7#$5()$.'I7,+()$7#$5-$3-+#',-$+'(/.-5$>'#-+,0,7-7$
U&=5,.,+-',-9$b#$#)+-$*('3-$#0,+B=-3()$5()$,3%('+-/+#)$%'(=5#3-)$H&#$)&%(/W-$+'-=-E-'$
.(/$%'(*#),(/-5#)<$#)%#.,-53#/+#$#5$H&#$"-.#$'#*#'#/.,-$-5$.(/+'(5$7#5$.&3%5,3,#/+($7#$
5()$.',+#',()$-)(.,-7()$-$5-$.'#-.,A/$7#$5()$-/&/.,()9$@/$5-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/$%-'+,.,%-'(/$0#,/­
+,.&-+'($1'&%()<$)#,)$%-'-$.-7-$&/($7#$5()$1I/#'()$($+'-+-3,#/+()$)#5#..,(/-7()9
@5$+'-=-E($7#$.-7-$1'&%($.(/),)+W-$#/$5-$.'#-.,A/$7#$&/$-/&/.,($%-'-$#5$3#7,($+#5#0,­
),A/$'#.&'',#/7($-$&/$#)+,5($%&=5,.,+-',($.(/.'#+(9$Y-$+-'#-$)#$7#)-''(55A$&+,5,C-/7($.(3($
,/*('3-.,A/$#)+'-+I1,.-$#5$=',#4/1$'#-5$%'(%('.,(/-7($%('$&/$(%#'-7('$7#$+#5#*(/W-$H&#$
(*#'+-=-$&/-)$/&#0-)$.(/7,.,(/#)$#/$&/($7#$)&)$%'(7&.+()9$
>(/$#)+#$=',#4/1$.(3($%&/+($7#$%-'+,7-<$.-7-$&/($7#$5()$1'&%()$.'#-+,0()$+#/W-$.(3($
+-'#-$ 7#)-''(55-'$ ,7#-)$ %-'-$ )(5&.,(/-'$ #5$ %'(=5#3-$ 7#$ .(3&/,.-.,A/$ %5-/+#-7($ %('$ #5$
-/&/.,-/+#9$Y-)$,7#-)$%'(%&#)+-)$+#/W-/$H&#$#)+-'$7#$-.&#'7($.(/$5-$#)+'-+#1,-$6<$-5$3,)­
3($+,#3%(<$)#'$(',1,/-5#)9
Y()$1'&%()$.'#-+,0()$'#.,=,#'(/$&/-$*('3-.,A/$-7#.&-7-$%-'-$'#-5,C-'$5-$+-'#-$H&#$)#$
5#)$"-=W-$%'(%&#)+(9
U-'-$-5.-/C-'$/&#)+'($(=E#+,0($L#)+&7,-'$H&I$*A'3&5-)$%&=5,.,+-',-)$(*'#.#/$&/-$3#E('$
%#'.#%.,A/$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$7#$5()$-/&/.,()Q$#)$/#.#)-',($.(3%-'-'$5-$%&=5,.,7-7$"&3(­
'W)+,.-$.(/$(+'()$1I/#'()$($+'-+-3,#/+()$%&=5,.,+-',()9$F/-$0#C$0-5('-7-)$5-)$.-'-.+#'W)+,.-)$
7#$.-7-$#)+,5($7#$-.&#'7($.(/$7,*#'#/+#)$.5-),4.-.,(/#)$Lc#,5=-."#'<$MNdNG$V-))-+<$MNN`G$
K1,506<$MNNNG$e-0-''(<$_ffgQ$(%+-3()$%('$'#-5,C-'$5-$+-'#-$.(/$+'#)$1I/#'()$%&=5,.,+-',()$
7,*#'#/+#)$LH&#$W=-3()$-$.(3%-'-'$.(/$5()$3#/)-E#)$%&=5,.,+-',()$"&3('W)+,.()QG$+(7()$
#55()$%'#)#/+#)$#/$5-$3-6('W-$7#$5-)$.5-),4.-.,(/#)<$)&4.,#/+#3#/+#$7,*#'#/+#)$#/+'#$)W$
6$.(/$&/-$,3%('+-/+#$%'#)#/.,-$#/$5()$3#7,()$-&7,(0,)&-5#)9$h#$+'-+-$7#T$7'-3-+,C-.,A/<$
%'(=5#3-[)(5&.,A/<$7#3()+'-.,A/9
>(3($0#3()$#/$5-$41&'-$M<$/($#;,)+#$&/-$.5-),4.-.,A/$7#$3#/)-E#)$%&=5,.,+-',()$&/B/,­
3#3#/+#$-.#%+-7-$%('$+(7()$5()$-&+('#)<$),/$#3=-'1(<$0#3()$.A3($"-6$-51&/()$#5#3#/­
+()$H&#$)#$'#%,+#/$#/$5()$5,)+-7()$7#$5()$7,*#'#/+#)$-&+('#)<$6$#/$#55()$/()$"#3()$.#/+'-7($
#/$5-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/9
=(1N'&-(-#*&#+"#(/)&-'(9"$(N/O
M9$Y()$1'&%()$.'#-+,0()$H&#$&+,5,C-/$7&'-/+#$#5$%'(.#)($7#$.'#-.,A/$%&=5,.,+-',-$#5$R"&­
3('S$%-'-$3-+#',-5,C-'$)&)$,7#-)<$(=+,#/#/$'#)&5+-7()$3B)$.'#-+,0()$H&#$5()$H&#$&+,5,C-/$
5-$R7#3()+'-.,A/S<$5-$R7'-3-+,C-.,A/S$6$#5$R%'(=5#3-[)(5&.,A/S9
_9$Y()$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$%#'.,=,7()$#/$&/$)%(+T$(',1,/-5,7-7<$-7#.&-.,A/<$.("#­
'#/.,-$,/+#'/-<$#5-=('-.,A/<$#)+I+,.-$6$%#'.#%.,A/$15(=-5$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7<$.(''#5-.,(/-/$
%(),+,0-3#/+#$#/+'#$)W9
`9$Y-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-$7#$5()$-/&/.,()$.(''#5-.,(/-$%(),+,0-3#/+#$.(/$5-$%#'.#%.,A/$7#$
5()$),1&,#/+#)$*-.+('#)$7#$.'#-+,0,7-7$7#5$3#/)-E#$%&=5,.,+-',(T$-7#.&-.,A/<$(',1,/-5,7-7<$
.("#'#/.,-$,/+#'/-<$#5-=('-.,A/<$#)+I+,.-<$%#'.#%.,A/$15(=-5$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79$
P9$Y-$-%-',.,A/$7#5$3#/)-E#$H&#$)#$H&,#'#$+'-/)3,+,'$#/$#5$-/&/.,($7#$&/-$*('3-$.5-'-$6$
#0,7#/+#$L*-.+('$(%-.,7-7a$+'-/)%-'#/.,-Q$.(''#5-.,(/-$/#1-+,0-3#/+#$.(/$5-$%#'.#%.,A/$
7#5$'#)+($7#$5()$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79
E?P?E?E?F#R%"."'(4"$(N/
>(/$#)+-$+I./,.-$)#$.'#-$&/-$),+&-.,A/$7#$7'-3-+,C-.,A/$#/$+('/($-5$%'(7&.+($($)#'0,.,($
H&#$ %'(+-1(/,C-$ 5-$ .-3%-i-9$ @/$ #)+()$ .-)()$ #)$ %'B.+,.-3#/+#$ ,/#0,+-=5#3#/+#$ H&#$ #5$
%'(7&.+($($#5$)#'0,.,($-/&/.,-7($)#-$5-$#)+'#55-$7#5$7'-3-$.'#-7(9$
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva por Miguel Baños González
Revista Comunicación y Hombre ∙ Número 5 ∙ Año 2009
1.2.1.2.­ Problema solución
R@)$ &/$ .-3,/($ +-/$ -/+,1&($ .(3($ 5-$ %&=5,.,7-7$ 3,)3-<$ 6$ ),1&#$ ),#/7($ #5$ 3B)$ #*#.+,0($
.&-/7($'#-53#/+#$#;,)+#$&/$%'(=5#3-$6$#5$%'(7&.+($(*'#.#$&/-$0#'7-7#'-$)(5&.,A/S$LV-)­
)-+<$MNN`T$NOQ9$^//&3#'-=5#)$.-3%-i-)$'#.&''#/$-$#)+-$*A'3&5-$H&#$3&#)+'-$.A3($5()$
-+',=&+()<$+-/1,=5#)$($,/+-/1,=5#)<$7#$&/$%'(7&.+($($)#'0,.,($)(5&.,(/-$#5$%'(=5#3-$H&#$)#$
%'#)#/+-$#/$#5$-/&/.,(9$@)+#$1I/#'($(*'#.#$3&."-)$%(),=,5,7-7#)$7,*#'#/+#)$)#1D/$#5$+,%($
7#$%'(7&.+(<$#5$.(/(.,3,#/+($H&#$#5$%D=5,.($+,#/#$7#$I5<$)&$%(),.,(/-3,#/+(<$5-$,3-1#/$7#$
3-'.-<$#+.9$
5
6
INVESTIGACIONES
E?P?E?S?F#R&.,-'%"$(N/
Y#$3&#)+'-$-5$.(/)&3,7('<$7#$&/-$*('3-$#;%5W.,+-<$.&-5#)$)(/$5-)$0#/+-E-)$7#$&/$%'(7&.+(<$
)&)$-%5,.-.,(/#)<$)&$*&/.,(/-3,#/+(<$#+.9$%-'-<$-$%-'+,'$7#$-"W<$,/+#/+-'$.(/0#/.#'5#9$Y-)$.-­
'-.+#'W)+,.-)$7#5$%'(7&.+(<$)&)$*('+-5#C-)$($5()$=#/#4.,()$%-'-$#5$&)&-',($)(/$5()$$0#'7-7#'-)$
%'(+-1(/,)+-)$7#$5-$-..,A/9$h#$%&#7#$7#3()+'-'$7#$&/-$*('3-$'#-5$($'#.&'',#/7($-$-51D/$+,%($
7#$3(/+-E#$H&#$'#-5.#$-H&#55()$-)%#.+($#/$5()$H&#$#)+B$%('$#/.,3-$7#5$'#)+(9$@)+#$+'-+-3,#/+($
-73,+#$7,*#'#/+#)$0-',-/+#)T$#7&.-'$-5$.(/)&3,7('<$7,*#'#/.,-')#$7#$5-$.(3%#+#/.,-<$#+.9$U-'-$
V-))-+$LMNN`Q<$)&$#/*(H&#$%&#7#$)#'$+-/+($%(),+,0($.&-/7($)#$3&#)+'-$5($H&#$#5$%'(7&.+($#)$
.-%-C$7#$"-.#'<$.(3($/#1-+,0($3()+'-/7($5($H&#$)#$%&#7#$#0,+-'$.(/$)&$&+,5,C-.,A/9
E?P?E?T?F#=2.,%
@)<$%(),=5#3#/+#<$#5$1I/#'($3B)$&+,5,C-7($-.+&-53#/+#$#/$5()$3#7,()$-&7,(0,)&-5#)9$
@5$"&3('$)#$&)-$%-'-$-+'-#'$5-$-+#/.,A/$6$7#$+(7()$5()$1I/#'()<$I)+#$#)$%(),=5#3#/+#$#5$H&#$
3B)$)#$"-$7,).&+,7(9$@/$.&-5H&,#'$.-)(<$5()$-/&/.,()$"&3('W)+,.()$7,0,#'+#/$%#'($7#=#/$7,',1,'$
5-$-+#/.,A/$7#5$#)%#.+-7('$"-.,-$#5$%'(7&.+($%('$5($H&#$&/-$7#$)&)$.(/7,.,(/#)$#)$H&#$/($
7#=#$',7,.&5,C-'$/,$-5$%'(7&.+($/,$-$)&)$&)&-',()9
2.- Investigación experimental
P?E?F#D@QK@H!JM
F/-$*('3-$7#$.5-),4.-'$5-)$0-',-=5#)$#)$#/$7#%#/7,#/+#)$#$,/7#%#/7,#/+#)9$Y-)$%',3#'-)$)(/$
5-)$0-',-=5#)$H&#$%'#+#/7#3()$#;%5,.-'$#/$/&#)+'-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/<$.-'-.+#'W)+,.-)$7#$5-$'#-5,­
7-7$H&#$#)+B/$7#+#'3,/-7-)$($7#%#/7#/$7#5$0-5('$H&#$+(3#/$(+'()$*#/A3#/()$H&#$)(/$5-)$
0-',-=5#)$,/7#%#/7,#/+#)9
@/$/&#)+'-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/<$+#/#3()T$
MQ$8-',-=5#$,/7#%#/7,#/+#9
Y-$/-+&'-5#C-$7#5$#)+W3&5($H&#$0,#/#$7-7-$%('$5()$7,*#'#/+#)$1I/#'()$%&=5,.,+-',()$#3%5#-­
7()$#/$5-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/T$7#3()+'-.,A/<$7'-3-+,C-.,A/<$"&3('$6$%'(=5#3-[)(5&.,A/9
_Q$8-',-=5#$7#%#/7,#/+#9
>(3($0-',-=5#$7#%#/7,#/+#$+#/#3()$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$#/$)&)$7,*#'#/+#)$*-.+('#)T$-7#.&-.,A/<$
.("#'#/.,-$ ,/+#'/-<$ #5-=('-.,A/<$ (',1,/-5,7-7<$ #)+I+,.-<$ %#'.#%.,A/$ 15(=-5$ 7#$ 5-$ .'#-+,0,7-7<$
(%-.,7-7$6$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-9
P?P?F#<GRKUK<@<KLV
>(/$5-$.(7,4.-.,A/$+'-7&.,3()$5()$'#)&5+-7()$7#$5-$%'&#=-$-$,/7,.-7('#)$/&3I',.()$3#7,-/+#$
5-$0-5('-.,A/$7#$5()$-/&/.,()$#5-=('-7()$%('$.-7-$1'&%($+#/,#/7($#/$.&#/+-$&/-$)#',#$7#$
.',+#',()<$5-$3-6('W-$7#$#55()$6-$&+,5,C-7()$#/$,/0#)+,1-.,(/#)$7#$.'#-+,0,7-7$LZ-3-3(+(<$MNgPG$
b#)'(),#')<$MNdOG$j&,5*('7<$MNdg<$MNddG$j-'.W-$j-'.W-<$MNOPG$:''(6(<$_ffgQ9
U-'-$/&#)+'-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/<$&+,5,C-3()$),#+#$.',+#',()$7,*#'#/+#)$'#5-.,(/-7()$.(/$5-$.'#-+,0,­
7-7<$6$&/($3B)$H&#$"-.#$'#*#'#/.,-$-$5-$0-5('-.,A/$H&#$"-.#/$5()$E&#.#)$7#5$-.-=-7($($.-5,­
7-7$+I./,.-$7#$5-$3-H&#+-<$5($H&#$/()$%#'3,+,'B$.(3%'(=-'$),$#)+-$.-5,7-7$7#5$+'-=-E($,/k&6#$
#/$5-$0-5('-.,A/$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva por Miguel Baños González
INVESTIGACIONES
* FIGURA 1
Weilbacher (1979)
Ogilvy
(1999)
Bassat
(1993)
Navarro
(2006)
Tratamientos
Tipos
Caminos
jI/#'()
b#3()+'-.,(/#)
b'-3-+,C-.,A/
]&3('
b#.5-'-.,A/$
7,'#.+!,+&5-'$
interrogativo
U&=5,.,7-7$
comparativa
Still life
:/-5(1WU'#)#/+-7('
!#)+,3(/,-5
^/+#'I)$%'#)+-7(
],%I'=(5#
b#3()+'-.,(/#)
@).#/-)$0,7-$
'#-5
h(5&.,A/$
%'(=5#3]&3('
!#)+,3(/,-5#)
>-=#C-)$
%-'5-/+#)
U#')(/-E#)
X-C(/#)
e(+,.,-)
@3(.,A/
!#)+,3(/,-5$
famosos
b,=&E()$
-/,3-7()
l&),.-5#)
b#3()+'-.,A/
!'(C()$7#$0,7U'(=5#3-[
)(5&.,A/
Y-$.(3%-'-.,A/
Y-$-/-5(1WhW3=(5($0,)&-5
U'#)#/+-7('
!#)+,3(/,-5
!'(C()$7#$.,/#
lD),.-
b#3()+'-.,A/
@)+,5($7#$0,7:/+#)[7#)%&I)
]&3('W)+,.(
>#5#=',7-7
l#+-*A',.(
],%#'=A',.(
U'#)#/+-7('
!#)+,3(/,-5#)
@+92/"-# $+"-(6$"$(,/&-# *&# "/2/$(,-# 123+($('"%(,-# *&-"%%,++"*"-# 1,%# *(:&%&/'&-#
autores
MQ$:7#.&-.,A/T$#)+#$.',+#',($#)$*&/7-3#/+-5$#/$5-$.'#-.,A/$%&=5,.,+-',-$%-'-$H&#$&/-$,7#-$
-0-/.#$#/$#5$.-3,/($7#$5-$'#-5,C-.,A/9$>(3($3-/+,#/#$F53-//$LMNd_Q<$5-$,7#-$"-$7#$)#'$
-7#.&-7-$-5$),)+#3-$%'(=5#3-+,C-7(<$+#/#'$)#/+,7($7#/+'($7#$5-$),+&-.,A/$.(''#)%(/7,#/+#$
6$)-+,)*-.#'$5-)$#;,1#/.,-)$%5-/+#-7-)9$h#$+'-+-$7#$.(3%'(=-'$),$#)-$,7#-$)#5#..,(/-7-$#)$
D+,5$%-'-$#5$%'(=5#3-$.(/.'#+($7#$.(3&/,.-.,A/$H&#$/()$%5-/+#-$#5$(%#'-7('$7#$+#5#*(/W-9$
b#$0-5('-'$),<$7#$-.&#'7($.(/$5-$,/*('3-.,A/$-%('+-7-$-$.-7-$1'&%($#/$#5$=',#4/1<$#)-$,7#-$
#)$-7#.&-7-$($/($5($#)9
_Q$ K',1,/-5,7-7T$ 7#+#'3,/-'$ ),$ 5-$ ,7#-$ +,#/#$ .-%-.,7-7$ %-'-$ 55-3-'$ 5-$ -+#/.,A/$ 6$ ),$ )#$
.(/),7#'-$H&#$#)$&/-$,7#-$/(0#7()-9$h(/$7()$-)%#.+()$7,*#'#/+#)$6-$H&#$#5$)#1&/7($)#$
'#4#'#$-$5-$-%-',.,A/$7#$5-$,7#-$#/$7,*#'#/+#)$1'&%()G$3,#/+'-)$H&#$#5$%',3#'($)#$.#/+'-$
#)%#.,-53#/+#$#)$5-$.-%-.,7-7$7#$5-$,7#-$%-'-$)('%'#/7#'9$@/$.&-5H&,#'$.-)(<$5-$(',1,/-5,­
7-7$#)$&/$.(/.#%+($7,'#.+-3#/+#$-)(.,-7($-$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$#/$1#/#'-5$6$5-$%&=5,.,+-',-$#/$
%-'+,.&5-'$L:5+)#."<$MNNgQ9
`Q$>("#'#/.,-$,/+#'/-T$0-5('-'$),$#/$5-$3-H&#+-$)#$-'3(/,C-/$5()$#5#3#/+()$H&#$-%-'#­
.#/$*('3-/7($&/$+(7($7(+-7($7#$)#/+,7(9$e($)#$+'-+-$7#$&/-$.("#'#/.,-$5,/#-5$6$5A1,.-G$5-$
%&=5,.,7-7<$-$0#.#)<$%('$)&$(=E#+,0($7#$.-%+-'$5-$-+#/.,A/<$%&#7#$+#/#'$.-3=,()$#)+'&.+&'-­
5#)$H&#$'(3%#/$#5$('7#/$R/('3-5S$%('$5($H&#$-H&W$)#$-%'(;,3-$-$5-$,7#-$7#$)#/+,7(<$7(/7#$
Revista Comunicación y Hombre ∙ Número 5 ∙ Año 2009
7
8
INVESTIGACIONES
5-$.("#'#/.,-$/($+,#/#$#/$.&#/+-$)(5-3#/+#$5($H&#$)#$7,.#$#/$5-$3-H&#+-$),/($+-3=,I/$5($
H&#$#5$'#.#%+('$+,#/#$-53-.#/-7($#/$)&$3#3(',-9$@)$7#.,'<$)#$+'-+-$7#$0-5('-'$),$5-$3-H&#+-$
7,.#$'#-53#/+#$5($H&#$#/$%',/.,%,($)#$H&,#'#$7#.,'$.(/$5-$.-3%-i-9
PQ$@5-=('-.,A/T$)#$'#4#'#$-$5-$.-/+,7-7$7#$7#+-55#)$H&#$)#$-%('+-/$.(/$5-)$,7#-)$%'(7&.,­
7-)9$@)$#5$%#'*#..,(/-3,#/+($7#$5-$,7#-$'#-5,C-/7($&/$7#)-''(55($%'#.,)(9
@)+I+,.-T$%-'-$:''(6($L_ffgQ$)#$+'-+-$7#$0-5('-'$),$#5$-/&/.,($#)$=#55($($#5#1-/+#$%('$)&)$
*('3-)<$%('$5-$",)+(',-<$%('$#5$3(0,3,#/+($7#$5()$%#')(/-E#)$H&#$-%-'#.#/<$%('$5()$.(5('#)$
H&#$)#$&+,5,C-/<$#+.9
mQ$K%-.,7-7a.5-',7-7T$8-5('-'$),$5-$,7#-$#;%'#)-$7#$&/-$*('3-$.5-'-$($#0,7#/+#$5($H&#$)#$
"-$)(5,.,+-7($#/$#5$=',#4/1$($5($"-.#$7#$&/-$*('3-$7,*W.,53#/+#$.(3%'#/),=5#9$@/$#)+#$.-)(<$
5-$%&/+&-.,A/$3B)$-5+-$.(''#)%(/7#$-$5-)$,7#-)$3B)$#0,7#/+#)9$
gQ$ U#'.#%.,A/$ 15(=-5$ 7#$ .'#-+,0,7-7T$ .(/$ #)+#$ *-.+('$ 5()$ E&#.#)$ /()$ %'(%('.,(/-/$ &/-$
0-5('-.,A/$1#/#'-5$7#$)&$%#'.#%.,A/$)(='#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$7#$&/$-/&/.,($7#+#'3,/-7(9
dQ$>-5,7-7$+I./,.-T$@/$#)+#$.-)(<$5()$E&#.#)$+,#/#/$H&#$#0-5&-'$#5$/,0#5$7#$-.-=-7($($5-$
.-5,7-7$+I./,.-$7#$.-7-$&/-$7#$5-)$3-H&#+-)$'#-5,C-7-)$%('$5()$1'&%()9
P?S?F#;QWJH@#WCK!KX@R@
U-'-$5-$'#.(1,7-$7#$5()$7-+()$/#.#)-',()$%-'-$55#0-'$-$.-=($5-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/$"#3()$7,)#i-­
7($&/$.&#)+,(/-',($H&#$/()$%#'3,+#$(=+#/#'$5-)$%&/+&-.,(/#)$6$5()$0-5('#)$7#$5-)$0-',-=5#)$
,/7#%#/7,#/+#)$H&#$"#3()$7#).',+($#/$-%-'+-7()$-/+#',('#)9$
@5$.&#)+,(/-',($)(='#$.'#-+,0,7-7$.(/),)+#$#/$&/$%'#+#)+$%-'-$5()$E&#.#)<$H&,#/#)$+#/W-/$
H&#$0-5('-'$5-)$,7#-)$7#)-''(55-7-)$%('$5()$0#,/+,.&-+'($1'&%()$7#$.'#-+,0,7-7$-$+'-0I)$7#$
5()$7,*#'#/+#)$*-.+('#)$H&#$"#3()$#;%5,.-7($#/$#5$%&/+($-/+#',('9
P?T?F#JD@!W@<KLV
U-'-$55#0-'$-$.-=($5-$#0-5&-.,A/$7#$5()$7,*#'#/+#)$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$'#.&'',3()<$
.(3($)#$"-$"#."($#/$7,*#'#/+#)$,/0#)+,1-.,(/#)$)(='#$.'#-+,0,7-7$6-$.(3#/+-7-)$#/$-%-'­
+-7()$-/+#',('#)<$-$&/$7#$1'&%($7#$E&#.#)$#;%#'+()$#/$.(3&/,.-.,A/$%&=5,.,+-',-9$
>(/.'#+-3#/+#<$'#.&'',3()$-$7,#.,(."($E&#.#)<$+(7()$#55()$.(/$&/-$-3%5,-$#;%#',#/.,-$
%'(*#),(/-5$7#)-''(55-/7($7,*#'#/+#)$-.+,0,7-7#)$#/$#5$)#.+('$%&=5,.,+-',(T$-1#/.,-$7#$%&=5,­
.,7-7$L.'#-+,0,7-7$6$.&#/+-)Q<$-/&/.,-/+#$L3-'?#+,/1$6$.(3&/,.-.,A/Q<$-1#/.,-$7#$3#7,()$
6$#3%'#)-)$-&;,5,-'#)$L%'(7&..,A/$-&7,(0,)&-5$6$7,)#i($1'B4.(Q9
U-'-$5-$#0-5&-.,A/$7#$5-)$3-H&#+-)$'#-5,C-7-)$%('$5()$1'&%()$7#$.'#-+,0,7-7<$.-7-$&/($
7#$#)+()$7,#.,(."($E&#.#)$#0-5&A<$7#$-.&#'7($.(/$5()$.',+#',()$#)+-=5#.,7()<$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$
7#$5()$3#/)-E#)$7#)-''(55-7()$%('$.-7-$&/($7#$5()$0#,/+,.&-+'($1'&%()9
U-'-$H&#$+(7-)$5-)$#0-5&-.,(/#)$)#$55#0-)#/$-$.-=($7#$&/-$*('3-$),3,5-'<$5()$E&#.#)$)#$
'#&/,#'(/$%-'-$-),)+,'$-$5-$%'(6#..,A/$7#$5-)$0#,/+,.&-+'($3-H&#+-)$6$#0-5&-'$7,'#.+-3#/+#$
.-7-$&/-$7#$#55-)$7#$*('3-$,/7,0,7&-59
:/+#)$ 7#$ #0-5&-'<$ 6$ %-'-$ -7#5-/+-'/()$ -$ 5()$ %(),=5#)$ %'(=5#3-)$ H&#$ %&7,#)#/$ )&'1,'<$
'#-5,C-3()$&/-$%'&#=-$%'#0,-$.(/$&/$/D3#'($'#7&.,7($7#$E&#.#)<$H&#<$5A1,.-3#/+#<$/($
%-'+,.,%-'(/$#/$5-$#0-5&-.,A/$4/-59$@)+-$%'&#=-$),'0,A$%-'-$3#E('-'$5-$%'#%-'-.,A/$7#$5()$
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva por Miguel Baños González
INVESTIGACIONES
E&#.#)$7#4/,+,0()9
F/-$0#C$,/.('%('-7-)$5-)$(%('+&/-)$3-+,C-.,(/#)<$5()$E&#.#)$'#.,=,#'(/$*('3-.,A/$)(='#$
5-$+-'#-$H&#$+#/W-/$H&#$'#-5,C-'<$-)W$.(3($7#$5-$*('3-$7#$0-5('-'$.-7-$&/($7#$5()$*-.+('#)$
7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7G$-7#3B)<$)#$5#)$#;%5,.A$#5$%'(.#)($7#$+'-=-E($'#-5,C-7($6$5()$.',+#',()$&+,5,­
C-7()$%-'-$7#4/,'$.-7-$&/($7#$5()$1I/#'()9$!-3=,I/$)#$3-/+&0($&/-$'#&/,A/$7#$=',#4/1<$
/#.#)-',-$%-'-$%(7#'$#0-5&-'$-51&/()$7#$5()$*-.+('#)$.(3($)(/$5-$-7#.&-.,A/$7#$5-$,7#-$-5$
%'(=5#3-$7#$.(3&/,.-.,A/$7#5$-/&/.,-/+#$($5-$.("#'#/.,-$,/+#'/-$7#$5-)$,7#-)9$U('$D5+,3($
)#$55#0-'(/$-$.-=($#E#'.,.,()$.(/$-/&/.,()$'#-5#)$%-'-$%'-.+,.-'$5-$#0-5&-.,A/$7#$5()$3#/­
)-E#)$7#$-.&#'7($.(/$5()$.',+#',()$6$*-.+('#)$)#5#..,(/-7()9
P?Y?F#D@!KRJX#RJ#!@#;QWJH@
]#3()$7,)#i-7($&/-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/$#/$5W/#-$.(/$5()$%',/.,%-5#)$#)+&7,()$55#0-7()$-$.-=($
#/$#5$.-3%($7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79
@/$'#5-.,A/$.(/$5()$*-.+('#)$)#5#..,(/-7()<$"#3()$(%+-7($%('$-51&/()$7#$5()$3B)$&+,5,­
C-7()$%-'-$#0-5&-'$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$#/$,/0#)+,1-.,(/#)$55#0-7-)$-$.-=($#/$7,*#'#/+#)$B'#-)9$
j&,5*('7$LMNdgQ<$7#3()+'A$5-$0-5,7#C$7#$&/-$=&#/-$%-'+#$7#$5()$*-.+('#)$&+,5,C-7()$#/$/&#)­
+'-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/G$+-3=,I/$!(''-/.#$LMNgNQ$-$+'-0I)$7#$5()$7,*#'#/+#)$+#)+)$7#)-''(55-7()$
%-'-$3#7,'$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79$
Z-3-3(+($LMNgPQ$&+,5,CA$#/$#5$R!#)+$(*$.'#-+,0#$2',+,/1S$5()$),1&,#/+#)$.',+#',()T$('1-/,C-.,A/<$
)#/),=,5,7-7<$(',1,/-5,7-7<$,3-1,/-.,A/<$,/+#',(',C-.,A/$6$',H&#C-T$#;%'#),A/<$k&,7#C<$#+.9
b#)'(),#')$ LMNdOQ<$ #/$ )&$ ,/0#)+,1-.,A/$ )(='#$ .'#-+,0,7-7$ 0#'=-5$ #/$ 5()$ /,i()$ -/-5,CAT$
,/+#1'-.,A/<$,3-1,/-',(<$(%-.,7-7<$(',1,/-5,7-7<$k&,7#C9
lB)$'#.,#/+#3#/+#$V-i()$L_ffMQ$6$:''(6($L_ffgQ$"-/$,/0#)+,1-7($6-$#/$#5$B3=,+($7#$
5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$%&=5,.,+-',-<$'#.&'',#/7($-$-51&/()$7#$#)+()$*-.+('#)<$(=+#/,#/7($'#)&5+-7()$
.(,/.,7#/+#)$.(/$5-)$,/0#)+,1-.,(/#)$55#0-7-)$-$.-=($#/$(+'()$.-3%()9
!-3=,I/$"-$),7($,3%('+-/+#$#/$/&#)+'-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/$5-$&+,5,C-.,A/$7#$E&#.#)$%-'-$#0-5&-'$
5()$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$#/$5()$1'&%()9$!'-=-E()$+-/$'#5#0-/+#)$.(3($5()$7#$Z-3-3(­
+($($b#)'(),#')<$3#/.,(/-7()$#/$%B''-*()$-/+#',('#)<$*&#'(/$#0-5&-7()$%('$&/$1'&%($7#$
E&#.#)9$!-3=,I/$:3-=,5#$LMNO`<$MNNgQ<$h+#'/=#'1$6$Y&=-'+$LMNNdQ$'#.&'',#'(/$-$E&#.#)$#/$
)&)$,/0#)+,1-.,(/#)9$
K+'($-)%#.+($,3%('+-/+#$#)$#5$7#$5-$RE#'-'H&,C-.,A/$7#$5()$.',+#',()S<$)&=7,0,7,I/7(5()$#/$
&/-$)#',#$7#$/,0#5#)9$b#)'(),#')$LMNdOQ$)#$5,3,+-$-$+'#)$/,0#5#)<$h+#'/=#'1$6$Y&=-'+$LMNNdQ$
#3%5#-/$),#+#$6$(+'()$-&+('#)$%'#4#'#/$&/$/D3#'($7,*#'#/+#<$/('3-53#/+#$#/+'#$+'#)$6$),#+#9$
e()(+'()$"#3()$(%+-7($%('$5-$&+,5,C-.,A/$7#$),#+#$/,0#5#)$6-$H&#<$-&/H&#$)#$.(3%5,.-$5-$
+-'#-$%-'-$5()$E&#.#)<$%#'3,+#$%'#.,)-'$3B)$5-)$7,*#'#/.,-)$#/$5()$-/&/.,()$7#$.-7-$1'&%(9
P?Z?F#JMC@R[MCK<GM#WCK!KX@RGM
@5$-/B5,),)$#)+-7W)+,.($5($"#3()$'#-5,C-7($.(/$#5$%'(1'-3-$hUhh<$&+,5,C-7($"-=,+&-53#/+#$
#/$#)+#$+,%($7#$,/0#)+,1-.,(/#)9$Z$/()$.#/+'-3()$#/$5()$),1&,#/+#)$#)+-7W)+,.()T
[$@)+-7W)+,.-$7#).',%+,0-9
[$>(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/9$>(''#5-.,(/#)$#/+'#$5()$1I/#'()$#3%5#-7()9
[$:/B5,),)$7#$5-$0-',-/C-9
>(/$#)+()$7-+()$%(7'#3()<$-$.(/+,/&-.,A/<$.(3%'(=-'$),$)#$.(/4'3-/$5-)$",%A+#),)$H&#$
Revista Comunicación y Hombre ∙ Número 5 ∙ Año 2009
9
10
INVESTIGACIONES
"#3()$7#4/,7($6$)-.-'$5-)$.(''#)%(/7,#/+#)$.(/.5&),(/#)$)(='#$5-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/9
3.- Análisis estadístico$L1'B4.()$-/#;()$-5$4/-5$7#$5-$,/0#)+,1-.,A/Q
S?E?F#<GQQJ!@<KGVJM#JVCQJ#!GM#U@<CGQJM
@/$1#/#'-5<$5()$'#)&5+-7()$#)+-7W)+,.()$/()$3&#)+'-/$H&#$#;,)+#$&/-$#5#0-7-$.(''#5-.,A/$#/­
+'#$5-$3-6('W-$7#$5()$*-.+('#)$)#5#..,(/-7()$H&#$"#3()$&+,5,C-7($%-'-$#0-5&-'$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$
%&=5,.,+-',-9
@/$),#+#$7#$5()$(."($*-.+('#)$0-5('-7()$%('$5()$E&#.#)$+#/#3()$H&#$5-$.(''#5-.,A/$%(),+,0-$
)#$7-$#/$+(7()$5()$.-)()$.(/$&/$/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$%('$#/.,3-$7#5$NN$%('$.,#/+(9$@5$D/,.($
*-.+('$H&#$'(3%#$.(/$#)+-$+#/7#/.,-$#)$#5$7#$5-$(%-.,7-7$H&#$3&#)+'-$#/$+(7()$5()$.-)()$&/$
0-5('$/#1-+,0($6<$-7#3B)<$)(5-3#/+#$#)$),1/,4.-+,0($L-5$/,0#5$f<fMQ$#/$'#5-.,A/$.(/$5-$-7#.&-­
.,A/$6$5-$(',1,/-5,7-79
!"jXno^>K$MT$j'B4.($7#$.(''#5-.,(/#)$#/+'#$5()$*-.+('#)T$7-+()$+(+-5#)
S?P?F#<GQQJ!@<KGVJM#JVCQJ#!GM#\]VJQGM#KVDJMCK\@RGM
E^#R%"."'(4"$(N/
@/$#5$.-)($7#$5-$7'-3-+,C-.,A/<$-&/H&#$)#$),1&#$5-$+#/7#/.,-$H&#$"#3()$0,)+($-/+#',('3#/+#$
#/$#5$-/B5,),)$7#$5()$7-+()$15(=-5#)<$5()$/,0#5#)$7#$),1/,4.-.,A/$)(/$7,*#'#/+#)9
Y-$(%-.,7-7$.(''#5-.,(/-$/#1-+,0-3#/+#$.(/$+(7()$5()$*-.+('#)$#0-5&-7()<$-&/H&#$#/$/,/­
1D/$.-)($5-$.(''#5-.,A/$#)$),1/,4.-/+#$-5$/,0#5$f<fm9$@/$#)+#$1I/#'(<$#5$*-.+('$H&#$%'#)#/+-$5()$
.(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$3B)$-5+()$#)$5-$#5-=('-.,A/G$#5$.(#4.,#/+#$#)$%(),+,0($#/$+(7()$5()$
.-)()<$#;.#%+&-/7($5-$'#5-.,A/$H&#$+,#/#$.(/$5-$(%-.,7-7<$6$3&#)+'-$&/$/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$%('$
#/.,3-$7#5$Nmp$#/$+(7()$5()$.-)()9$Y-$(',1,/-5,7-7$)(5-3#/+#$3&#)+'-$.(#4.,#/+#)$.(/$&/$
/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$7#5$Nmp$#/$)&$'#5-.,A/$.(/$#5$*-.+('$.'#-+,0,7-7$15(=-5$%#'.,=,7-$%('$5()$E&#­
.#)$6$.(/$5-$#5-=('-.,A/$7#5$-/&/.,(9$@/$#5$.-)($7#$5-$#)+I+,.-<$)(/$),1/,4.-/+#)$-5$/,0#5$f<fm$
5()$.(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$.(/$5-$.("#'#/.,-$,/+#'/-$7#$5()$3#/)-E#)$6$.(/$5-$#5-=('-.,A/$
7#$5()$3,)3()G$6$55#1-$-$&/$/,0#5$7#$f<fM$#/$)&$'#5-.,A/$.(/$5-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-9$
!"jXno^>K$_T$j'B4.($7#$.(''#5-.,(/#)$#/+'#$5()$*-.+('#)T$7-+()$7'-3-+,C-.,A/
2) Problema­solución
@/$#5$.&-7'($7#$.(''#5-.,(/#)$%(7#3()$(=)#'0-'$.A3($)#$'(3%#$.(/$5-$+#/7#/.,-$H&#$"#3()$
0,)+($"-)+-$-"('-<$3()+'-/7($&/-$=&#/-$%-'+#$7#$5()$.(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$.(/$),1/($
/#1-+,0(9$:7#3B)<$5-)$.(''#5-.,(/#)$.(/$&/$/,0#5$7#$),1/,4.-.,A/$7#$f<fM$)(/$#).-)-)9
!"jXno^>K$`T$j'B4.($7#$.(''#5-.,(/#)$#/+'#$5()$*-.+('#)T$7-+()$%'(=5#3-[)(5&.,A/
Y-$-7#.&-.,A/$.(''#5-.,(/-$/#1-+,0-3#/+#$.(/$5-$#5-=('-.,A/<$5-$#)+I+,.-<$5-$(%-.,7-7$6$
5-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-<$-&/H&#$#/$/,/1D/$.-)($-5.-/C-$#5$/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$7#5$Nmp9$Y-$(',1,­
/-5,7-7<$7#$/&#0($+,#/#$#5$3-6('$.(#4.,#/+#$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$L),1/,4.-/+#$-5$/,0#5$f<fMQ$.(/$5-$
.'#-+,0,7-7<$+#/7#/.,-$H&#$)#$3-/+,#/#$#/$+(7()$5()$1I/#'()G$6$+-3=,I/$+,#/#$&/$.(#4.,#/+#$
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva por Miguel Baños González
INVESTIGACIONES
#5#0-7($ .(/$ 5-$ #5-=('-.,A/$ 6$ .(/$ 5-$ .-5,7-7$ +I./,.-9$ Y-$ .("#'#/.,-$ .(''#5-.,(/-$ /#1-+,0-­
3#/+#$.(/$5-$(',1,/-5,7-7<$5-$#5-=('-.,A/<$5-$#)+I+,.-<$5-$(%-.,7-7$L),1/,4.-/+#$-5$/,0#5$f<fmQ<$
.(/$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$6$.(/$5-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-<$#)$7#.,'<$.(/$+(7()$)-50($.(/$5-$-7#.&-.,A/9$Y-$
#5-=('-.,A/<$%'#)#/+-$5()$.(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$%(),+,0()$3B)$#5#0-7()$.(/$&/$/,0#5$7#$
.(/4-/C-$7#5$NNp$#/$#5$.-)($7#$5-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-$6$5-$#)+I+,.-<$6$7#5$Nmp$.(/$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$
6$5-$(',1,/-5,7-79$Y-$(%-.,7-7$3-/+,#/#$)&$+#/7#/.,-$-$.(''#5-.,(/-'$/#1-+,0-3#/+#<$),#/7($
#)%#.,-53#/+#$7#)+-.-=5#$#5$.-)($7#$5-$.("#'#/.,-$,/+#'/-$.(/$&/$/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$7#5$NNp9$
Y()$.(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$3B)$#5#0-7()$.(''#)%(/7#/$-$5-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-G$.(''#5-.,(/-$
%(),+,0-3#/+#$6$.(/$&/$/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$7#5$Nmp$.(/$5-$(',1,/-5,7-7$6$.(/$5-$#)+I+,.-G$6$7#5$
NNp$.(/$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$6$5-$#5-=('-.,A/9$U('$#5$.(/+'-',($3&#)+'-$0-5('#)$/#1-+,0()$.(/$5-$
-7#.&-.,A/$6$.(/$5-$.("#'#/.,-$,/+#'/-9
S^#R&.,-'%"$(N/
Y-$-7#.&-.,A/$.(''#5-.,(/-$%(),+,0-3#/+#$.(/$+(7()$5()$*-.+('#)<$#;.#%+&-/7($5-$(%-.,7-7<$
.(/$&/$/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$7#5$Nmp$%-'-$5-$(',1,/-5,7-7$6$5-$#)+I+,.-<$6$7#5$NNp$%-'-$5-$.("#­
'#/.,-$,/+#'/-<$5-$#5-=('-.,A/<$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$6$5-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-9$Y-$(%-.,7-7$#/$#)+#$1I/#'($
.(''#5-.,(/-$/#1-+,0-3#/+#$.(/$#5$'#)+($7#$5()$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$#0-5&-7()<$-&/H&#$
#/$/,/1D/$.-)($#5$.(#4.,#/+#$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$#)$),1/,4.-+,0(9$Y-$(',1,/-5,7-7$/($3&#)+'-$.(­
''#5-.,(/#)$),1/,4.-+,0-)$/,$.(/$5-$#5-=('-.,A/$/,$.(/$5-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-G$.(/$#5$'#)+($7#$5()$
*-.+('#)$#5$/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$#)$7#5$Nmp$6$7#5$NNp$.(/$5-$%#'.#%.,A/$15(=-5$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79$
@/$&/()$/,0#5#)$),3,5-'#)$)#$3&#0#/$#5$'#)+($7#$5()$*-.+('#)$,/0#)+,1-7()$.(/$.(''#5-.,(/#)$
%(),+,0-)$,3%('+-/+#)<$.(/$/,0#5#)$7#$.(/4-/C-$7#5$Nmp$6<$#/$3&."-)$(.-),(/#)<$7#5$NNp9
!"jXno^>K$PT$j'B4.($7#$.(''#5-.,(/#)$#/+'#$5()$*-.+('#)T$7-+()$7#3()+'-.,A/9
T^#=2.,%
Y-$(%-.,7-7$3-/+,#/#$5-$+#/7#/.,-$-$.(''#5-.,(/-'$/#1-+,0-3#/+#$-&/H&#$#/$/,/1D/$.-)($
.(/$ &/$ /,0#5$ ),1/,4.-+,0(9$ Y-$ -7#.&-.,A/<$ #/$ #5$ "&3('<$ %'#)#/+-$ 5()$ .(#4.,#/+#)$ 7#$ .(''#­
5-.,A/$3B)$=-E()$7#$+(7()$5()$1I/#'()$,/0#)+,1-7()G$)(5-3#/+#$+,#/#$&/$/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$
7#5$Nmp$#/$'#5-.,A/$.(/$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$6$5-$.("#'#/.,-9$b#$/&#0($5-$(',1,/-5,7-7$3&#)+'-$5()$
.(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$3B)$#5#0-7()$#/$'#5-.,A/$.(/$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$15(=-5<$%('$5($+-/+(<$
5()$E&#.#)$%#'.,=#/$#/$+(7()$5()$1I/#'()$#)+()$7()$*-.+('#)$3&6$'#5-.,(/-7()9$Y-$.("#'#/.,-$
,/+#'/-$3&#)+'-$&/()$.(#4.,#/+#$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$%(),+,0()<$6$),1/,4.-+,0()$-5$/,0#5$f<fm<$.(/$5-$
-7#.&-.,A/<$(',1,/-5,7-7$6$.'#-+,0,7-79$!-3=,I/$-H&W$#/.(/+'-3()$5-$'#5-.,A/$"-=,+&-5$#/+'#$5-$
#)+I+,.-$6$5-$#5-=('-.,A/$.(/$&/$/,0#5$7#$.(/4-/C-$7#5$NNp9
!"jXno^>K$mT$j'B4.($7#$.(''#5-.,(/#)$#/+'#$5()$*-.+('#)T$7-+()$"&3('9
@/$#5$.-)($7#5$"&3('<$5-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-$/($3&#)+'-$.(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$#5#0-7()$
.(/$#5$'#)+($7#$5()$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79$h(5-3#/+#$)(/$),1/,4.-+,0()$-5$f<fm$#/$#5$.-)($
7#$5-$#)+I+,.-$6$5-$#5-=('-.,A/9$
S?S?F#@V_!KMKM#RJ#!@#D@QK@VX@
e()$%#'3,+#$.(3%-'-'$7()$($3B)$3#7,-)<$7#+#'3,/-/7($5-$%'(=-=,5,7-7$7#$H&#$)#$%&#7#$
-+',=&,'$5-$0-',-=,5,7-7$7#$&/-$0-',-=5#$-$(+'-$0-',-=5#9$b#$#)+-$*('3-$%(7'#3()$.(3%'(=-'$
Revista Comunicación y Hombre ∙ Número 5 ∙ Año 2009
11
12
INVESTIGACIONES
INVESTIGACIONES
* CUADRO 1: ANOVA. Puntuación global
Suma de cuadrados
gl
Media cuadrática
F
Sig.
Inter­grupor
M_MON<M_m
3
Pfg`<fP_
f<mgN
f<gP_
Intra­grupor
MP_O`N<m
_f
dMPM<Ndm
Total
Mmmf_O<g_m
­
23
),$ 5()$ 0-5('#)$ 7#$ &/-$ 0-',-=5#$ )(/$ ),1/,4.-+,0-3#/+#$ 7,*#'#/+#)$ -$ 5()$ 0-5('#)$ 7#$ 5-$ (+'-<$
-)(.,-/7($&/-$%'(=-=,5,7-7$-$5-$.(/.5&),A/$7#$H&#$5-$3#7,-$7#$&/$1'&%($7#$%&/+&-.,(/#)$
#)$7,)+,/+-$-$5-$3#7,-$7#$(+'($1'&%($7#$%&/+&-.,(/#)9$
!">F:bXK$MT$:/B5,),)$7#$5-$0-',-/C-$7#$5()$.&-+'($1I/#'()$,/0#)+,1-7()9
@/$ /&#)+'-$ ,/0#)+,1-.,A/$ 0-3()$ 3(7,4.-/7($ #5$ 1I/#'($ 7#5$ -/&/.,($ %-'-$ .(3%'(=-'$
.A3($ )#$ .(3%('+-/$ 5()$ *-.+('#)$ H&#$ /()$ %#'3,+#/$ #0-5&-'$ 5-$ .'#-+,0,7-7$ -$ +'-0I)$ 7#$ 5-$
%#'.#%.,A/$7#$5()$E&#.#)9$Z$H&#'#3()$.(3%'(=-'$),$5()$'#)&5+-7()$)(/$7,*#'#/+#)$#/$.-7-$
1I/#'($6$.&-5$#)$5-$%'(=-=,5,7-7$7#$H&#$)#$7#/$#)-)$7,*#'#/.,-)9
F/-$0#C$55#0-7($-$.-=($#5$-/B5,),)$7#$5-$0-',-/C-$.(3%'(=-3()$H&#$/($"-6$7,*#'#/.,-)$
),1/,4.-+,0-)$#/+'#$5()$7,*#'#/+#)$1I/#'()$,/0#)+,1-7()G$#/$/,/1D/$.-)($)#$7-/$7,*#'#/.,-)$
.(/$&/$/,0#5$7#$),1/,4.-.,A/$7#5$f<fm9
5-$.'#-+,0,7-79
@)$,/+#'#)-/+#$.(3%'(=-'$H&#$5()$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$/($)#$.(3%('+-/$7#$3-/#­
'-$),3,5-'$#/$+(7()$5()$1I/#'()9$hW$"#3()$%(7,7($.(3%'(=-'$H&#$"-6$+#/7#/.,-)$3B)$($
3#/()$1#/#'-5#)<$.(3($#)$5-$'#5-.,A/$#/+'#$5-$(',1,/-5,7-7<$5-$-7#.&-.,A/$6$5-$%#'.#%.,A/$
15(=-5$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7G$+-3=,I/$#/+'#$5-$#)+I+,.-$6$5-$#5-=('-.,A/G$#/$#5$#;+'#3($(%&#)+($
+#/#3()$5-$+#/7#/.,-$7#$5-$(%-.,7-7$-$.(''#5-.,(/-'$/#1-+,0-3#/+#$.(/$+(7()$5()$*-.+('#)$
,/0#)+,1-7()9$U#'($-$%#)-'$7#$#)+(<$"#3()$%(7,7($.(3%'(=-'$H&#$.-7-$1I/#'($3&#)+'-$
&/-)$%#.&5,-',7-7#)$#)%#.W4.-)$#/$#5$.(3%('+-3,#/+($7#$5()$*-.+('#)9$:)W<$#5$%'(=5#3-[
)(5&.,A/$3&#)+'-$&/$#5#0-7($/D3#'($7#$.(''#5-.,(/#)$/#1-+,0-)<$-51($H&#$/($)&.#7#$.(/$
(+'()$1I/#'()<$)-50($#/$#5$.-)($7#$5-$(%-.,7-79
@/$#5$"&3('<$5-$-7#.&-.,A/$3&#)+'-$5()$.(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$3B)$=-E()<$#;.#%­
+&-/7($ #5$ .-)($ 6-$ .(3#/+-7($ 7#5$ %'(=5#3-[)(5&.,A/9$ Z$ (+'($ +-/+($ )&.#7#$ .(/$ #5$ *-.+('$
.-5,7-7$+I./,.-<$.(/$&/()$.(#4.,#/+#)$7#$.(''#5-.,A/$),1/,4.-+,0()$-5$f<fm$D/,.-3#/+#$.(/$
5-$#)+I+,.-$6$5-$#5-=('-.,A/9
@5$*-.+('$(%-.,7-7<$/($.(''#5-.,(/-$%'B.+,.-3#/+#$.(/$/,/1D/$(+'($*-.+('<$,/7#%#/7,#/+#­
3#/+#$7#5$1I/#'($-5$H&#$/()$#)+#3()$'#4',#/7(9$U('$5($+-/+(<$#5$"#."($7#$H&#$-%-'#C.-$7#$
*('3-$.5-'-$6$#0,7#/+#$#5$3#/)-E#$H&#$)#$H&,#'#$"-.#'$55#1-'$-$5()$%D=5,.()<$.(''#5-.,(/-$
/#1-+,0-3#/+#$.(/$#5$'#)+($7#$5()$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79
Y-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-$#)$&/$*-.+('$3&6$,3%('+-/+#$%-'-$5-$%#'.#%.,A/$H&#$5()$E&#.#)$+,#/#/$
7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79$e($'#)&5+-$#;+'-i(<$%('$#5$.(/+'-',(<$5-$'#5-.,A/$H&#$)#$#)+-=5#.#$#/+'#$5-$
.-5,7-7$+I./,.-$6$5-$#5-=('-.,A/$6-$H&#$5-$.-/+,7-7$7#$7#+-55#)$6$#5$-.-=-7($7#5$-/&/.,($
"-.#$H&#$I)+#$)#$%#'.,=-$.(/$&/()$3-6('#)$/,0#5#)$7#$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-9
4.- Confirmación de la hipótesis
e($)#$.(/4'3-$5-$",%A+#),)$M9$Y()$1'&%()$.'#-+,0()$H&#$&+,5,C-/$7&'-/+#$#5$%'(.#)($7#$.'#-­
.,A/$%&=5,.,+-',-$#5$R]&3('S$%-'-$3-+#',-5,C-'$)&)$,7#-)$(=+,#/#/$'#)&5+-7()$3B)$.'#-+,0()$
H&#$5()$H&#$&+,5,C-/$5-$Rb#3()+'-.,A/S<$5-$Rb'-3-+,C-.,A/S$6$#5$RU'(=5#3-[)(5&.,A/S9
h#$ .(/4'3-$ 5-$ ",%A+#),)$ _9$ Y-$ %#'.#%.,A/$ 7#$ 7#+#'3,/-7()$ *-.+('#)$ 7#$ 5-$ .'#-+,0,7-7$
7#$&/$)%(+$%&=5,.,+-',(<$,/k&6#$#/$5-$0-5('-.,A/$7#$(+'()$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$#/$#)#$
-/&/.,(9
h#$.(/4'3-$5-$",%A+#),)$`9$Y-$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-$7#$5()$-/&/.,()$.(''#5-.,(/-$%(),+,0-3#/+#$
.(/$5-$%#'.#%.,A/$7#$5()$),1&,#/+#)$*-.+('#)$7#$.'#-+,0,7-7$7#5$3#/)-E#$%&=5,.,+-',(T$-7#­
.&-.,A/<$ (',1,/-5,7-7<$ .("#'#/.,-$ ,/+#'/-<$ #5-=('-.,A/<$ #)+I+,.-<$ %#'.#%.,A/$ 15(=-5$ 7#$ 5-$
.'#-+,0,7-79
h#$.(/4'3-$5-$",%A+#),)$P9$Y-$-%-',.,A/$7#5$3#/)-E#$H&#$)#$H&,#'#$+'-/)3,+,'$#/$#5$-/&/­
.,($7#$&/-$*('3-$.5-'-$6$#0,7#/+#$L*-.+('$(%-.,7-7a$+'-/)%-'#/.,-Q$.(''#5-.,(/-$/#1-+,0-­
3#/+#$.(/$5-$%#'.#%.,A/$7#5$'#)+($7#$5()$*-.+('#)$7#$5-$.'#-+,0,7-79
5.- Conclusiones Y-$%',3#'-$.(/.5&),A/$#)$H&#$/($"-6$7,*#'#/.,-)$),1/,4.-+,0-)$#/$#5$/,0#5$7#$%#'.#%.,A/$7#$
5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$#/$5()$1I/#'()$"&3('<$7#3()+'-.,A/<$7'-3-+,C-.,A/$6$%'(=5#3-[)(5&.,A/9$
!-3%(.($"-6$7,*#'#/.,-)$),1/,4.-+,0-)$#/$5()$0-5('#)$7#$.-7-$&/($7#$5()$*-.+('#)$&+,5,­
C-7()$%('$5()$E&#.#)$%-'-$0-5('-'$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7$7#$5()$-/&/.,()9$@/$#5$.(/E&/+($7#$5-$,/­
0#)+,1-.,A/<$5()$1I/#'()$&+,5,C-7()$3&#)+'-/$/,0#5#)$),3,5-'#)$7#$-7#.&-.,A/<$(',1,/-5,7-7<$
.("#'#/.,-$,/+#'/-<$#5-=('-.,A/<$#)+I+,.-<$(%-.,7-7<$.-5,7-7$+I./,.-$6$%#'.#%.,A/$15(=-5$7#$
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva por Miguel Baños González
Revista Comunicación y Hombre ∙ Número 5 ∙ Año 2009
13
14
INVESTIGACIONES
Anexo de gráficos
INVESTIGACIONES
* GRÁFICO 2: Correlaciones género dramatización
* GRÁFICO 1: Correlaciones totales
\%`6$,#*&#$,%%&+"$(,/&-#&/'%&#+,-#:"$',%&-O#*"',-#*%"."'(4"$(N/
\%`6$,#*&#$,%%&+"$(,/&-#&/'%&#+,-#:"$',%&-O#*"',-#','"+&-
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva por Miguel Baños González
Revista Comunicación y Hombre ∙ Número 5 ∙ Año 2009
15
16
INVESTIGACIONES
INVESTIGACIONES
* GRÁFICO 3: Correlaciones género problema-solución
* GRÁFICO 4: Correlaciones género demostración
\%`6$,#*&#$,%%&+"$(,/&-#&/'%&#+,-#:"$',%&-O#*"',-#1%,3+&."F-,+2$(N/
\%`6$,#*&#$,%%&+"$(,/&-#&/'%&#+,-#:"$',%&-O#*"',-#*&.,-'%"$(N/
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva por Miguel Baños González
Revista Comunicación y Hombre ∙ Número 5 ∙ Año 2009
17
18
INVESTIGACIONES
INVESTIGACIONES
* GRÁFICO 5: Correlaciones género humor
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva
Miguel Baños González
Bibliografía
:Y!h@>]<$l()#)$LMNNgQT$The assessment of creativity in advertising and the effectiveness of creative advertisements<$!#),)$#/$5-$
F/,0#'),7-7$@)+-+-5$7#$U#/),50-/,-9$
:l:V^Y@<$!#'#)-$#+$-59$L_fffQT$Creatividad e Innovación<$V,5=-(<$b#&)+(9
:XXKZK<$^),7('($L_ffgQT$Investigación sobre creatividad percibida y viveza de imagen de los receptores<$l-7',7<$F/,0#'),7-7$X#6$
q&-/$>-'5()9
V:rKh<$l,1&#5$L_ffMQT$Creatividad y publicidad<$l-7',7<$@7,.,(/#)$7#5$Y-=#',/+(9
V:rKh<$l,1&#5$L_ff`QT$Métodos Heurísticos y creación publicitaria<$l-7',7<$h#'0,.,($7#$U&=5,.-.,(/#)$7#$5-$F/,0#'),7-7$>(3%5&+#/­
)#$7#$l-7',79
V:hh:!<$Y&,)$LMNN`QT$El libro rojo de la Publicidad<$V-'.#5(/-<$@7,.,(/#)$o(5,(9
VFX!@eh]:c<$s#/<$l:]Ke<$e,?$-/7$V:XoKK!<$>-'(5,/#$L_ffgQT$The Fundamentals of Creative Advertising<$Y-&)-//#<$:8:$
U&=5,)",/1$h9:9$
b@hXKh^@Xh<$X-."#5$LMNdOQT$La creatividad verbal en los niños<$V-'.#5(/-<$K,?()[!-&9
o@Xeneb@t$jul@t<$q('1#$b-0,7$L>(('79Q$L_ffm$QT$Aproximación a la estructura de la publicidad. Desarrollo y funciones de la actividad publicitaria<$h#0,55-<$>(3&/,.-.,A/$h(.,-5$#7,.,(/#)$6$%&=5,.-.,(/#)9
j:X>v:$j:X>v:<$o'-/.,).($LMNOPQT$Estudios de creatividad en niños de edad escolar<$l-7',7<$F/,0#'),7-7$>(3%5&+#/)#9
jF^YoKXb<$q(6$U-&5$LMNdgQT$Ro-.+('#)$H&#$*-0('#.#/$6$*-.+('#)$H&#$(=)+-.&5,C-/$5-$.'#-+,0,7-7S$#/$>FX!^h<$q("/<$b@lKh<$j#('­
1#$6$!KXX:e>@<$@9$U-&5$L>(3%)9Q<$Implicaciones educativas de la creatividad<$h-5-3-/.-<$:/-6-<$%%9$MM`[M`f9
jF^YoKXb<$q(6$U-&5$LMNddQT$La naturaleza de la inteligencia humana<$V&#/()$:,'#)<$@7,+(',-5$U-,7A)9
^j:X!F:<$q&-/$q()I$6$]Fl:e@h<$l-'W-$Y&,)-$L_ffPQ<$Teoría e investigación en Ciencias Sociales<$l-7',7<$@79$hW/+#),)<$h9$:9
e:8:XXK<$>-'5()$L_ffgQT$!"#$%&'&($()*+,-&.&%$"&$)#/.$0<$l-7',7<$@h^>9
lKY^ew<$l-'x-5$L_ff`QT$La comunicación activa9 Publicidad sólida<$V-'.#5(/-<$@7,.,(/#)$b#&)+(9
Kj^Y8Z<$b-0,7$LMNNNQT$Ogilvy & publicidad<$V-'.#5(/-<$@7,.,(/#)$o(5,(9
UX^>s@e<$l-',($L_ffdQT$Creative Advertising<$Y(/7(/<$!"-3#)$y$]&7)(/9
h:e$e^>KYnh<$>I)-'$L_ffmQT$Introducción a la Creatividad Publicitaria<$l&'.,-<$^>@[F/,0#'),7-7$7#$l&'.,-9
\%`6$,#*&#$,%%&+"$(,/&-#&/'%&#+,-#:"$',%&-O#*"',-#B2.,%
!KXX:e>@<$@9$U-&5$LMNgNQT$Orientación del talento creativo<$V&#/()$:,'#)<$@79$!'(H&#59
c@^YV:>]@X<$c,55,-/$LMNdNQT$Advertising<$e#2$Z('?<$l-.3,55-/$U&=5,)",/19
Z:l:lK!K<$s-('&$LMNgPQT$R:$*&'+"#'$-/-56),)$(*$+"#$'(5#$(*$.'#-+,0#$+",/?,/1$,/$",1"$)."((5$-.",#0#3#/+S<$#/$Journal of Psychology<$
/D3#'($mO<$%%9$_dd[_O`9
h!@XeV@Xj<$X(=#'+$q9$6$YFV:X!<$!(77$^9<$LMNNdQ9$La creatividad en una cultura conformista<$V-'.#5(/-<$U-,7A)9
FYl:ee<$j,)#5-$LMNd_QT$Creatividad<$l-7',7<$@7,.,(/#)$X,-5%9$h9$:9
El humor como factor de creatividad en la publicidad televisiva por Miguel Baños González
Revista Comunicación y Hombre ∙ Número 5 ∙ Año 2009
19
Descargar