GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT INTRODUCTION

GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
INTRODUCTION
Every good story, movie, tale, should create in its audience any kind of
feelings, emotions, thoughts, so that the motivation captures the attention
until the last paragraph or scene.
To analyze the Dramatic structure of a Multimedia requires a series of
steps as well as the fulfillment of details which fundamentally will serve
to identify if it accomplish with the requirements to be a good production,
according to the characteristics blended to create the solution specified
by the client..
To know how the direction of the story is rolled, the type
of characters, the scenes lightening, the colors used to
create visual effects, sound, sequence, and the tools
implemented to blend, mix and bring canvas to life, are
some of the considerations to take into account to be
effective in this analysis.
Therefore, it is necessary to understand and have a
logistic view considering technical aspects to develop the
whole panoramic of a multimedia solution.
Here there are some of the main characteristics of the
basic elements, like the plot, sequence, climax, and
resolution; also, the shots, sequence, sound and layout,
and some images which let you know how that analysis
can take place to create and develop from the creator´s
point of view the best technical understanding and
explanation.
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
2. CONTENT
1. Introduction
2. Content
3. Mind Map
4. Analyzing the dramatic Structure
4.1 Components to be considered
4.2 Multimedia Dramatic Structure
4.2.1 Start with the plot
4.2.2 Choose a point of view
4.2.3 Develop Realistic Characters
4.2.4 Mold the mood
4.3 Guidelines for story telling
4.4 Shots Mastering
4.4.1 Light drawing
4.4.2 Learning to check the type of shot
4.5 Sequence
4.6 Sound
4.7 Layout
5. Vocabulary
6. Bibiography
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
3. MIND MAP
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
4. Analyzing the Dramatic Structure
4.1 Components to be considered
Audience
Identify target audience and describe as thoroughly as possible, depending
on each economic sector.
Why understand your audience?
It is necessary to tell stories that reflects the target`s audience world.
Effective communication meets people where they are.
Communication needs to be relevant and meaningful.
How to get to know your Audience?
Learn to view your story and your presentation through the eyes
Of your audience. What to learn about it:
1. Who is your audience?
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
2. What are they interested in, what do they care about?
3. How do they think?
4. What do they feel?
5. What are they perceived and unperceived needs?
6. What needs do they express?
7. What are they productive contexts, interests?
8. What of their previous experiences can you refer to?
9. What is their main need to be satisfied?
10. How can you tell your Project ideas to them meaningfully?
And relevantly?
Stories create context, value and significance.
In Stories people are willing to hear the truth.
Humankind could well be labeled “homo Narran’s”-creatures that love
narrative.
Stories are universal currency welcomed across every country and culture,
age and history.
Story is an invitation to personal discovery.
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
Story
Write story/script to communicate the possible solution to audience`s
needs.
Shot
Create/select images (photo, video, drawings, etc) to illustrate the story
script.
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
Sequence
1. First idea-shot,
2. Second idea-shot
3. Third Idea-shot
Arrange shots into sequence to communicate the story or possible solution.
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
4.2 Multimedia Dramatic Structure
“The soul never thinks without a mental picture”. Aristoteles.
4.2.1 Start with the plot: The plot is the sequence of events that
make up a story.
The events in the plot can be divided as follows:
Exposition: Introduces the characters, setting and conflict.
Rising action: Builds the conflict and develops characters.
Climax: Shows highest point of the action.
Resolution: Resolves the story and ties up all the loose ends.
Create conflict: It is a struggle or fight. It can be external or internal.
Plot
-The
The story´s
story s sequence of events
e ents
(Exposition, Rising, Action,
Climax, Falling
alling Action,
Resolution
esolution [see boxes])
b es])
-Flashbacks_________________
__________________________
-Foreshadowing______________
oreshadowing______________
___________________________
-Flashforwards________________
-Flashfor
ards________________
____________________________
(1) Exposition
Setting
-Place_________________
-Time__________________
Time__________________
-Characters
-Cha
acters
-Main__________________
______________________
______________________
-Secondary______________
Secondary______________
_______________________
Mood
_______________________
Point
oint of View
Name:_____________________
Title:______________________
(3) Climax
-Point
oint of greatest tension
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
(2) Rising Action
Character
Cha
acter Roles
oles
-Protagosnist(s)_________________
__________________
-Antagonist(s)__________________
Antagonist(s)__________________
__________________
Conflict
_______________________
_______________________
Mood
_______________________
(4) Falling Action
-Conflict outcome_________________
__________________
-Resulting
esulting e
events
ents __________________
_______________________
_______________________
(5) Rising Action
-Final outcome_________________
Theme
-Story
Story´ss meaning __________________
________________________
Author
uthor´ss Purpose
(Persuade,
ersuade, inform, entertain, teach, etc.)
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
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FAVA - Formación en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje
SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
4.2.2 Choose a Point of view
You can tell a story from one of the following points of view:
-First person point of view.
-Third-person limited point of view: the narrator.
-Omniscient point of view: the narrator looks through the eyes of all the
characters and is thus “all-knowing”.
Story
Mountain
climax
This is when the problem
reaches a high point!
rising
action
This includes the
events leading up to
the main problem or
conflict.
falling
action
This is when the
characters work to
solve the problem
or conflict.
background
This includes the
introduction of
characters and
setting.
resolution
This is how
things end up
in the story.
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
4.2.3 Develop realistic characters:
They can be categorized like:
Protagonist: The main Character.
Antagonist: The person in conflict with the protagonist.
Static character:
Stays the same through the story.
Dynamic Character: Grows and changes during the story.
Write dialogue: The exact words the character says. It should be
realistic and develop the plot and reveal the character´s personality.
Paint setting: It is the time and place where the events take place.
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
4.2.4 Mold the Mood
The Mood is a strong feeling we get from a story. The mood is created by
characterization, description, images, and dialogue.
Some possible moods include: Terror, horror, calmness, and suspense.
Mood is called atmosphere.
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
4.3
Guidelines for Storytelling
• Avoid rambling by having a clear picture of why you are telling the story.
• Focus upon a central theme.
• Minimize relevant characters, facts and details.
Descriptions are critical.
• Make listeners feel like they are there: “There is a warm sand under my
whole body running down”.
• Show, do not tell: “I can fell the soft and warm wind in my face”.
• Engage all the senses, not just the eyes.
• Include smells, sounds, tastes, and touch sensations.
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
• Make the audience wonder what happens next: Take the time to build
up the unsolved problem, the unexplained mystery, the inescapable
dilemma.
In other words, you could use plenty of images to create your dramatic
structure, as showed above.
“The question is not what you look at, but what you see.”
-- Henry David Thoreau
Climax
Falling action
Resolution
Rising
action
Exposition
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
4.4 Shots´ Mastering
“I hear and I forget, I see and I remember, I do and I understand.”
Ancient Chinese Proverb
There are many resources to create a good atmosphere in the shot:
drawings (on paper, flipchart, OHP, in TV box); the photos (on paper, slides,
OHP, Power Point, movie maker); Videos (on TV, data projector, Power
Point, Movie Maker); objects (obvious and unreal, using the imagination).
They must be analyzed taking into account the following aspects:
4.4.1 Light Drawing
It is very important to observe light in analyzing the structure. Since
mastering light and color will be useful to create and understand the
visual effects the scene develops to capture the essence of it.
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
Light qualities
Cool: Bright, midday, sunlight.
Warm: Close to sunrise and sunset.
Hard: From small light source or midday sun.
Soft: From large, diffused source, or cloudy day.
Light direction
Top lighting: When light strikes the subject from above-such as at noon
on a sunny day- it produces a flat image, shadows are short and very
dark.
Front lighting: When the sun is behind the photographer´s back, the light
strikes the subject from the front. If people are in the picture, they tend
to squint. Watch your show-it may fall on the subject.
Side lighting: When the light strikes the subject from the side, pockets of
contrast are created that emphasize texture and contours.
Back light: Light from behind the subject, especially in extremely bright
conditions, may render the subject as a silhouette.
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
2.4.2 Learn to check the type of shot
Types of shots:
Extreme Wide Shot (EWS)
Wide shot (WS)
Medium Close up Shot (MCS)
Close-up Shot (CU)
Extreme Close-up Shot (ECS)
Basic Camera Shots
Extreme Wide Shot
Wide Shot
Medium Shot
Medium Close Up
Close Up
Extreme Close Up
Rule of thirds
Imagine that your frame is divided equally by two horizontal lines and
two vertical lines. The four points where those lines intersect are the best
places for positioning the most important elements of your compositionDynamic Points.
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
Dynamic Points
Tips to create and analyze the shot
• Determine the subject of the shot, avoid “tourist” shots.
• Fill the frame get closer
• Do not leave too much room
• Leave your subject room to view or to move
• Do not dissect your subject
• Observe direction of light, shadows (especially on faces)
• Watch for “hot” shots
• Observe background and foreground-avoid clutter
• Change angle of shooting, find a different perspective
• Use complementary angles
• Look for emotions
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
• Watch horizon line or any other real lines should not intersect the picture
in half
• Use implied lines and shapes for creating interesting photos
• Watch out for “falling” buildings
• Frame landscapes, create 3D effect
• Learn to see photographically
Tips to create and analyze the video
• Use variety of shots (ECU, WCU, MCU, CU, ECU)
• Use close ups for interviews
• Do not zoom/pan back and forth too fast and too much
• Avoid camera jitters (use tripod or steady your hand on something solid,
lean against a tree or wall)
• Do not walk while shooting a video
• Avoid backlight
4.5 Sequence
The sequence is a series of shots assembled in order to illustrate the story.
Bring together story and shots
• Write down key thoughts of the story and types of shots that will illustrate
those points
• Identify and describe characters
• Use sticky notes/cards to match story points and shots
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
• Think about the audio that is needed (music, narration)
• Use a simple table
Different resources Available
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
4.6 Sound
Audio can be:
• Narrator´s voice (actual speaking during the presentation)
• Voices of a number of people (dialogues)
• Recorded voices (narrations, dialogues, interviews)
• Music
• Sound effects
Tips for sound use
• See suggestions for narration recording by computer in Instructions to
Movie Maker
• When recording sound with video camera, use external microphone
when possible
• Avoid distracting sounds; wind can be a problem during video shooting
outside
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
• When recording narrator, microphone should be too close to the face of
the speaker
• Be careful not to overuse sound effects-it can distract from the message
• When using music for background, do not use music with words; also
avoid very familiar songs that can “play words” in the heads of the audience
and distract from the message
• Use only free music otherwise you should buy
copyrighted music
permission to use
Copy right law
It is compulsory you know about the copy right law. It is a set of exclusive
rights that regulate the use of a particular expression of an idea or
information. It is literally “the rights to copy” an original creation. The
symbol for copyright is “C”. Several exclusive rights typically attach to the
holder of a copyright:
• To produce copies or reproductions of the work and to sell those copies
• To import or export the work
• To create derivative works (works that adapt the original work)
• To perform or display the work publicly
• To sell or assign these rights to others
This means that you have no right to make multiple copies or display it
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
publicly (this includes music records, CDs, DVDs, Videos, movies) unless
you buy a license or permission to use it.
This also means that you should identify whether there is permission to
use the material incorporated in the multimedia structure.
4.7 Layout
The Layout defines the whole view of the structure, it is necessary consider
its elements like:
• The grid (the framework for placing the type and images on a slide)
• Continuity (succession or flow, which creates a cohesive whole)
• Alignment (left, justified, right, centered)
• Dividing text (paragraph indents, hanging type, line space, line rules
color, contrast type style, contrast color)
• Headlines and subheads (convey the big idea at a glance)
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
• Hierarchy (ranking elements in terms of importance)
• Type readability ( if the information is presented clearly)
• Emotional quality
• Bullets
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
5. VOCABULARY
Alignment: Alineación
Antagonist: Antagonista
Atmosphere: Atmosfera
Avoid: Evitar
Back Lighting: Luz de fondo
Background: Trayectoria
Body text: Texto del cuerpo
Palette: Paleta de colores
Build up: Construir
Bullet: Bala
Calmness: Tranquilidad
Caption: Captura
Character: Personaje
Chart: Diagrama
Choose: Seleccionar
Climax: Climax
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
Close up: Acercamiento
Colum: Columna
Conflict: Conflicto
Continuity: Continuidad
Cool: Frío
Dilemma: Dilema
Dividing text: Texto dividido
Draws: Dibujo
Dynamic character: Personaje dinámico
Falling Action: Acción descendente
Feel: Sentir
Fight: Pelear
First person: Primera persona
Foreground: Primer plano
Framework: Marco
Free: Libre
Front Lighting: Iluminación frontal
Graphs: Gráficos
Grid: Cuadrícula
Happens: Suceder
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
Hard: Duro
Hierarchy: Jerarquía
Horror: Horror
Hot: Caliente
Image: Imagen
Inescapable: Ineludible
Light qualities: Calidad de iluminación
Long: Largo
Main: Principal
Make up: Maquillaje
Margin: Margen
Medium: Medio
Mold: Moldear
Mood: Humor
Paint setting: Ajustes del color
Picture: Foto
Place: Lugar
Plot: Trama
Point of view: Punto de vista
Protagonist: Protagonista
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
Quality: Calidad
Readability: Legible
Resolution: Resolución
Rising action: Incremento de la acción
Sequence: Secuencia
Setting: Arreglos
Shape: Molde
Shot: Toma
Side Lighting: Iluminación lateral
Slides: Diapositivas
Smell: Oler
Soft: Suave
Space: Espacio
Static character: Personaje estático
Stock: Existencia
Story: Historia
Struggle: Conflicto
Subheadings: Subtítulos
Suspense: Suspenso
Sweet: Dulce
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
Table: Mesa
Taste: Gusto
Third person: Tercera persona
Time: Tiempo
Top Lighting: Iluminación superior
Touch: Tocar
Warn: Advertencia
Wind: Viento
Wonder: Preguntarse
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
6. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Mykhalyuk, M. (2008). Audiovisuals in Evangelism.
Leadership Skills Seminar. RELC. Singapore.
At the Advanced
A Dialogue in Pictures, Recovered July 16th, 2013. From:
mysoularium.com.
Story site, Recovered July 16, 2013.
reference/authorindex04.html
Http://www.
From: http://www.storysite.org/
Large collection of user-submitted anecdotes and a message board to
facilitate follow-up discussion. Recovered July 16, 2013. From: www.
haircutstory.net/
Free program to use for writing video script, sequence. Recovered: June
8, 2013, From: Http://www.celtx.com/
On-line Tutorials, Recovered: July 14, 2013. From: Http://movies.
atomiclearning.lcom/movimaker2/, Http://desktopvideo.about.com/od/
moviemakertutorials/tp/mmtutorials.htm,
Movie video clips ideas, Recovered: July 12, 2013. From: Http://www.
thesource4ym.com/videoclips/
Free Photos bank, Recovered July 15, 2013. From:
freephotosbank.com, Http://www.freedigitalphotos.net,
freestockphotos.com/.
Http://www.
Http://www.
Free music, Recovered July 15, 2013. From: Http://www.freeplaymusic.
com/
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SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT
Control de documento
Construcción Objeto de Aprendizaje
Guidelines for developing the plot
Desarrollador de contenido
Experto temático
Alba Nury Cardona Yepes
Asesor pedagógico
Luis Antonio Suárez Martínez
Maria Teresa Camargo Serrano
Producción Multimedia
Claudia E. Monsalve Gamboa
Víctor Hugo Tabares Carreño
Martha Lucía Chávez Niño
Programador
Roberto Chajin Ortíz
Líder expertos temáticos
Tatiana Acosta Patiño
Líder línea de producción
Santiago Lozada Garcés
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FAVA - Formación en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje
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