El libro que nos ocupa consta de un prólogo y seis capítulos. Los

Anuncio
RESEÑAS
CONSTANTINO MARTÍNEZ, Fabián y Mauro Arturo Rivera León (2010), Elementos
la interpretación normativa, México, Fontamara-Universidad de Sonora,
178 pp.
(OOLEURTXHQRVRFXSDFRQVWDGHXQSUyORJR\VHLVFDStWXORV/RVDXWRUHVHQ
IDWL]DQODLPSRUWDQFLDGHOHVWXGLRGHODOLQJtVWLFDSDUDODPHMRUFRPSUHQVLyQ
GHO'HUHFKRVREUHWRGRGHODVQRUPDVMXUtGLFDVTXHWLHQHQDOOHQJXDMHFRPR
VXHOHPHQWRIXQGDPHQWDOGHH[SUHVLyQ(OFDStWXORSULPHUR´,QWURGXFFLyQDOD
OLQJtVWLFDµHVXQDLQYLWDFLyQDXWLOL]DUODOLQJtVWLFDIRUHQVHSXHVODOLQJtVWLFD
WLHQHVXDSOLFDFLyQDKtSRUORPHQRVHQGRVWHUUHQRVDQiOLVLVGHGRFXPHQWRV
FXHVWLRQDGRV\DQiOLVLVGHYRFHV5HVSHFWRDODSURYHFKDPLHQWRGHODOLQJtVWL
FDQRVGLFHQORVDXWRUHV´ODVKXHOODVOLQJtVWLFDVHVWiQSRUGRTXLHU\PXFKDV
SHUVRQDVODVGHMDQVLQWHQHUFRQRFLPLHQWRGHTXHODVHVWiQGHMDQGRHQODV
H[WRUVLRQHVWHOHIyQLFDVHQODVQHJRFLDFLRQHVSDUDUHVFDWDUDXQVHFXHVWUDGR
HQORVIUDXGHVHQWUHRWUDVDFWLYLGDGHVLOtFLWDVµS
(OFDStWXORVHJXQGR´)RQpWLFDIRQRORJtDPRUIRORJtDVLQWD[LV\VHPiQWL
FDµFRPLHQ]DFRQXQDGHVFULSFLyQGHDOJXQDVSDUWHVGHODOLQJtVWLFDTXHQRV
D\XGDQDHQWHQGHUPHMRUORVSURFHVRVDUJXPHQWDWLYRV\GHRWURWLSRFRPR
GHVFULSFLRQHVH[KRUWDFLRQHVH[SOLFDFLRQHV\VXDSOLFDFLyQDOFDPSRGHO'H
UHFKR3URSRUFLRQDQYDULRVHMHPSORVSDUDODPHMRUFRPSUHQVLyQGHVXVLGHDV
8QDGHODVPHMRUHVFRQWULEXFLRQHVGHHVWHFDStWXORDPLSDUHFHUORFRQV
WLWX\HODH[SRVLFLyQ\DQiOLVLVGHHQXQFLDGRVDPELJXRV(QHIHFWRUHFXUULHQGR
DO DQiOLVLV FKRPVNLDQR GH RUDFLRQHV ORV DXWRUHV SUHVHQWDQ RUDFLRQHV TXH
SXHGHQWHQHUPiVGHXQDLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ/DDPELJHGDGSXHGHVHUGHYDULDV
FODVHVOp[LFDHVWUXFWXUDORDPEDV3RUHMHPSORODRUDFLyQ´$XUHOLDQRHVFULELy
XQSRHPDGHDPRUVREUHVXVLOOyQIDYRULWRµGRQGHPXHVWUDQGRVGLDJUDPDV
DUEyUHRVSDUDLQWHUSUHWDFLRQHVGLVWLQWDVVHJ~QODJUDPiWLFDJHQHUDWLYD/D
SULPHUDH[KLEHHOYHUERWHQLHQGRFRPRREMHWRHOSRHPDGHDPRUHVGHFLU
DÀUPDQGRTXH$XUHOLDQRHVFULELyXQSRHPDGHDPRUVREUHVHQWDGRVXVLOOyQ
IDYRULWRODVHJXQGDLQWHUSUHWDFLyQDÀUPDTXH$XUHOLDQRHVFULELyXQSRHPDGH
DPRUVREUHDFHUFDGHVXVLOOyQIDYRULWR8QHMHPSORGHDPELJHGDGOp[LFD
\HVWUXFWXUDOHVHOVLJXLHQWH´'DQLHOFRPSUyHOJDWRFRQUDELDµGRQGHOD
DPELJHGDGOp[LFDHVWiHQODSDODEUD´JDWRµ\ODHVWUXFWXUDOHQ´FRQUDELDµ
(QHIHFWR´JDWRµSXHGHUHIHULUVHDXQDQLPDORDXQLQVWUXPHQWR´FRQUDELDµ
FDOLÀFDUDODQLPDORDOHVWDGRGHiQLPRGH'DQLHO9D\DPRVDRWURHMHPSOR
HVWiYH]UHODFLRQDGRFRQHO'HUHFKR´'HEHUiQUHFOXWDUVHORVKRPEUHV\ODV
307
PXMHUHVMyYHQHVµGRQGHWHQHPRVDPELJHGDGUHIHUHQFLDOSXHV´MyYHQHVµ
SXHGHFDOLÀFDUDDPERVKRPEUHV\PXMHUHVRVRODPHQWHDPXMHUHV\DVtOD
UHIHUHQFLDHVDPELJXD(ODQiOLVLVOLQJtVWLFRSHUPLWHGHWHFWDUDPELJHGDGHV
HVSHFLDOPHQWHDTXHOODVTXHHVWiQSUHVHQWHVHQODVOH\HV(OOHFWRUSRGUiGDUVH
FXHQWDGHTXHODOLQJtVWLFDHVXQDKHUUDPLHQWDSRGHURVDSDUDGHWHFWDUODV
\UHPLWRDOOHFWRUDODQiOLVLVTXHORVDXWRUHVKDFHQGHODUWtFXORGHOD/H\
*HQHUDOSDUDOD3UHYHQFLyQ\*HVWLyQ,QWHJUDOGHORV5HVLGXRV/DDPELJHGDG
DOFDQ]DQRVRODDHQXQFLDGRVWDPELpQDIUDVHVVLQQ~FOHRYHUEDOFRPR´8QL
YHUVLGDGFRPSXWDUL]DGDGH(VWXGLRVGH+HUPRVLOORµTXHSXHGHHQWHQGHUVH
FRPRXQDXQLYHUVLGDGTXHHVWiORFDOL]DGDHQ+HUPRVLOORRXQDXQLYHUVLGDGFRQ
HVWXGLRVDFHUFDGH+HUPRVLOORHVWHHMHPSORFRUUHVSRQGHDOFDStWXORWHUFHUR
\HMHPSOLÀFDXQDGHPDQGDGRQGHDSDUHFHHVWDDPELJHGDG
(OFDStWXORWHUFHUR´/DOLQJtVWLFDFRPRKHUUDPLHQWDGHDQiOLVLVIRUHQVHµ
PXHVWUDODLPSRUWDQFLDGHODOLQJtVWLFDFRPRKHUUDPLHQWDGHDQiOLVLVFRQXQ
HVWXGLRGHWDOODGRGHXQFDVRHOSUREOHPDHUDGHWHUPLQDUVLGRVGLVFXUVRVVH
SRGtDQDWULEXLUDODPLVPDSHUVRQD(OHVWXGLRHVFRPSOHMRLQFOX\HDQiOLVLV
Op[LFRPDUFDGRUHVGHGLVFXUVRIUHFXHQFLDVSURPHGLRVFRPSDUDFLRQHVWRGR
HOOR UHFXUULHQGR D OD OLQJtVWLFD \ DX[LOLDGRV FRQ HO XVR GH FRPSXWDGRUDV
(MHPSOLÀFDPX\ELHQODSURSXHVWDGHDQiOLVLVTXHORVDXWRUHVTXLHUHQKDFHU
H[WHQVLYDDO'HUHFKR
(OFDStWXORFXDUWR´,QWHUSUHWDFLyQGHQRUPDV\DQiOLVLVOLQJtVWLFRµHVWi
GHGLFDGRDODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHODVQRUPDVFRQODD\XGDODOLQJtVWLFD\GH
ODOyJLFDGHODOyJLFDGHRUDFLRQHVOyJLFDGHSUHGLFDGRV\OyJLFDGHyQWLFD
/RVDXWRUHVQRVDGYLHUWHQDFHUFDGHGRVWLSRVGHLQIHUHQFLDVOyJLFDV\SUDJ
PiWLFDV\TXHQRVLHPSUHFRLQFLGHQ6XHMHPSORVLDOJRQRHVWiSURKLELGR
HVWiSHUPLWLGRSHURVHWUDWDGHXQDLQIHUHQFLDSUDJPiWLFD\DTXtORVDXWRUHV
GLVWLQJXHQVLJXLHQGRD+YRQ:ULJKWHQWUHLQWHUSUHWDFLRQHVGHVFULSWLYDV\
QRUPDWLYDV6XHMHPSOR´DOJXQRVDOXPQRVQRYLQLHURQDFODVHµ/DLQIHUHQFLD
SUDJPiWLFDVHUi´DOJXQRVDOXPQRVVtYLQLHURQDFODVHµSHUROyJLFDPHQWHQR
VHVLJXHSXHVSXGLHURQQRKDEHUDVLVWLGRQLQJXQR'HWHQHUODLQIRUPDFLyQ
GHTXHDOJXQRVQRDVLVWLHURQQRSRGHPRVOyJLFDPHQWHDÀUPDUTXHDOJXQRVVt
DVLVWLHURQDXQTXHSUDJPiWLFDPHQWHSXHGDDÀUPDUVH3RGUtDGDUVHHOFDVRGH
TXHFLHUWDDFFLyQQRHVWpWRGDYtDUHJXODGDDVtGHTXHQRHVWpSURKLELGD
QRVHVLJXHTXHHVWpSHUPLWLGDDXQTXHSUDJPiWLFDPHQWHSXHGDFRQVLGHUDUVH
SHUPLWLGD
&XDQGR VH LQWHUSUHWD XQ WH[WR QRUPDWLYR FRQYLHQH DWHQGHU D VXV FRP
SRQHQWHV\ORVDXWRUHVORHMHPSOLÀFDQFRQHODUWtFXORFRQVWLWXFLRQDO(Q
HIHFWRQRVLOXVWUDQVREUHYDULDVFRVDVODFRQGXFWDUHJXODGDVXVHOHPHQWRV
FRQGLFLRQDQWHVHOVXMHWRGHODVQRUPDV\HORSHUDGRUGHyQWLFRLQYROXFUDGR
TXHSXHGHVHUREOLJDFLyQIDFXOWDPLHQWRSHUPLVLyQSURKLELFLyQ&RPELQDQ
OXHJR OD OLQJtVWLFD FRQ OD OyJLFD SURSRVLFLRQDO DO DQDOL]DU YDULRV DUWtFXORV
SRUHMHPSORHODUWtFXORGHO&yGLJR3HQDO)HGHUDOGLFKRDUWtFXORFRQWLHQH
XQDGLV\XQFLyQ\XQDSDUWtFXODFXDQWLÀFDGRUD\DTXtLQWHUYLHQHVXDQiOLVLV
OLQJtVWLFRFRPELQDGRFRQXQDQiOLVLVYHULWDWLYRIXQFLRQDOGHOFXDOHVSRVLEOH
308
GHULYDUYDULDVLQWHUSUHWDFLRQHVSRVLEOHVFRVDTXHPXHVWUDQORVDXWRUHVGH
PDQHUDH[KDXVWLYDDSOLFDQGRDPEDVKHUUDPLHQWDVOyJLFDV\OLQJtVWLFDVHVWH
FDStWXORHVPX\LOXVWUDWLYR
'HFtD$OEHUWRGH6DMRQLDXQOyJLFRGHOVLJORXIVTXHSRGHPRVDÀUPDUTXH
XQDSLHGUDHVQRMXVWDSHURQRSRGHPRVDÀUPDUTXHVHDLQMXVWD\DOUHYpV
XQMXH]SXHGHVHULQMXVWRSHURQRSXHGHVHUQRMXVWR(QHIHFWRVHUMXVWR
QRHVXQDSURSLHGDGTXHSXHGDDSOLFDUVHDXQDSLHGUDSRUHVRHVYHUGDGHUR
GHFLUTXHHVQRMXVWDSHURXQMXH]DXQTXHVHDLQMXVWRDGPLWHODSURSLHGDG
GHODMXVWLFLD&RQVLGHUDFLRQHVSDUHFLGDVRFXSDQHOFDStWXORTXLQWR´$VSHFWRV
OLQJtVWLFRVHQHVWUXFWXUDVYHUEDOHVTXHGHQRWDQGHOLWRVµGRQGHORVDXWRUHV
WUDWDQODVHVWUXFWXUDVYHUEDOHVDX[LOLDGRVHVWDYH]SRUODOyJLFDGHUHODFLRQHV
\HODQiOLVLVOH[LFDOGHORVYHUERVDSOLFDGRDORVUROHVVHPiQWLFRV$QDOL]DQ
YDULRVYHUERVVDFDGRVGHO&yGLJR3HQDOGDURUGHQDULQIRUPDULQYLWDUFDX
VDUFRPSHOHULQFLWDUDOHJDUSURYRFDULQVWLJDULQWLPLGDUDPDJDUXOWUDMDU
GLULJLULQKLELU(VSHFLDODWHQFLyQPHUHFHQORVYHUERVFDXVDWLYRVODVRUDFLRQHV
DJHQWLYDV\ORVDXWRUHVQRVRIUHFHQDQiOLVLVWRPDGRVWDPELpQGHRWUDVOHQJXDV
1RVPXHVWUDQSRUTXpKD\H[SUHVLRQHVTXHVHQFLOODPHQWHQRWLHQHQVHQWLGR
FXDQGRVHFRPELQDQSRUHMHPSORSRGHPRVGHFLU´ODÀHEUHPDWyD-XDQµ
SHURQR´ODÀHEUHDVHVLQyD-XDQµ´-XDQPDWyDOSHUURDFFLGHQWDOPHQWHµSHUR
QR´-XDQDVHVLQyD)ODYLRDFFLGHQWDOPHQWHµ$ODSDUDQDOL]DQORVDGYHUELRV
TXHSXHGHQDFRPSDxDUDHVWRVYHUERV\ORVTXHQRORSXHGHQDFRPSDxDU3RU
HMHPSORQRSRGHPRVGHFLU´HOJHUHQWHDFRVyD0DUtDDFFLGHQWDOPHQWHµ(O
DQiOLVLVHVFRPSOHMR\PX\DSURSLDGRFRPRGLFHQORVDXWRUHV´SRGHPRV
DÀUPDUTXHKHPRVHVWDEOHFLGRXQWLSRGHYHUERVTXHWLHQHQFDUDFWHUtVWLFDV
VHPiQWLFRHVWUXFWXUDOHVTXHSHUPLWHQHQWHQGHUVXQDWXUDOH]D\DVRFLDUHVWDV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVFRQHOPXQGRGHOGHUHFKRµS
(OVH[WR\~OWLPRFDStWXOR´/HQJXDMH\GHUHFKRDFWRVGHKDEODµLQFXUVLRQD
HQODUHFLHQWHÀORVRItDGHOOHQJXDMHLQWURGXFLHQGRODSUDJPiWLFDFRPRSDUWH
GHODVHPLyWLFDHQHOHVWXGLRGHOGHUHFKRODVWHVLVGH-RKQ$XVWLQVREUHORV
DFWRV GH KDEOD \ ODV RUDFLRQHV UHDOL]DWLYDV \ ODV LPSOLFDWXUDV \ Pi[LPDV
FRQYHUVDFLRQDOHVDVtFRPRHOSULQFLSLRGHFRRSHUDFLyQHQWUHORVKDEODQWHV
SURSXHVWRSRU3DXO*ULFH&RQWUDODWHVLVTXHGLFHTXHHOFRPSURPLVRGHXQ
KDEODQWHVHUHÀHUHVyORDORHVWDEOHFLGRVHPiQWLFDPHQWHORVDXWRUHVH[WLHQ
GHQHOFRPSURPLVRDORLPSOLFDGRHQHOFRQWH[WRSUDJPiWLFR6RQRUDFLRQHV
UHDOL]DWLYDVODVTXHUHDOL]DQDOJRFRQSDODEUDVFRPRODVTXHLQFOX\HQHVWRV
YHUERVDSRVWDUOHJDUEDXWL]DUSURPHWHUVHQWHQFLDUDEVROYHUHQWUHRWUDV
\ ORV DXWRUHV HVSHFLÀFDQ VXV FRQGLFLRQHV (VWDV FRQGLFLRQHV VRQ GLYHUVDV \
FXDQGRQRVHFXPSOHQWRGDVODDFFLyQQRTXHGDUHDOL]DGDSRUHMHPSORXQ
MXH]TXHVHQWHQFLHHQXQUHVWDXUDQWHHVWDQGRFRPLHQGR/RVDFWRVGHKDEOD
VLJXLHQGRD$XVWLQSXHGHQVHUGHWUHVWLSRVORFXWLYRVGHFLUDOJRLORFXWLYRV
KDFHUDOJR\SHUORFXWLYRVTXHSURYRFDQXQDHIHFWRHQHOR\HQWH8QHMHP
SOR´HODFWRLORFXWLYRGHDPHQD]DUSXHGHWUDHUFRQVLJRHODFWRSHUORFXWLYR
GHLQWLPLGDUDVtFRPRHODFWRLORFXWLYRGHDUJXPHQWDURDUJLUSXHGHWUDHU
FRQVLJRHODFWRSHUORFXWLYRGHFRQYHQFHUµS
309
/RVDXWRUHVDERUGDQFRQHVWDVKHUUDPLHQWDV\SDUDHMHPSOLÀFDUVXWpFQLFD
HODUWtFXORGHO&yGLJR3HQDO)HGHUDO\HODUWtFXORIUDFFLyQ,9GHO&yGLJR
&LYLOSDUDHO(VWDGRGH6RQRUD7DPELpQDERUGDQFRQFLHUWRGHWDOOHORVOODPD
GRV´FRQWUDWRVFRQVHQVXDOHVµHQVXDVSHFWRYHUEDO\OLQJtVWLFRTXHFRQVWD
GHRIHUWD\DFHSWDFLyQ\SURPHVD\TXHFRQGXFHDODREOLJDFLyQFRQWUDFWXDO
5HODFLRQDGRFRQHVWRHVWiQODVSURPHVDV\ORVDXWRUHVVHDERFDQDODWDUHD
GHDQDOL]DUVXVFRPSRQHQWHVOLQJtVWLFRVPRUDOHV\MXUtGLFRVH[SRQLHQGRWUHV
SRVWXUDVDOUHVSHFWR$QDOL]DQWDPELpQXQIHQyPHQRPX\UHODFLRQDGRFRQHO
HQIRTXHGHHVWHOLEURORVGHOLWRVYHUEDOHVFRPRODVLQMXULDV\ODVDPHQD]DV
/RVDXWRUHVDÀUPDQ´DPHQD]DUHVXQDÀJXUDQRUPDWLYDPHQWHLORFXFLRQDULD
\MXULVSUXGHQFLDOPHQWHSHUORFXFLRQDULDµSXHVXQRGHVXVHIHFWRVSXHGHVHU
LQWLPLGDU
/DELEOLRJUDItDLQFOX\HQRVRODPHQWHORVWH[WRVTXHSXHGHQFRQVLGHUDUVH
\DFOiVLFRVGHODOLQJtVWLFD\GHODSUDJPiWLFDHQODÀORVRItDDQDOtWLFDFRPR
ORV\DPHQFLRQDGRVLQFOX\HQGRD-RKQ6HDUOHWDPELpQLQFRUSRUDQORVGHVD
UUROORVUHFLHQWHVWDQWRHQOHQJXDLQJOHVDFRPRHVSDxROD6XWUDWDPLHQWRQR
HVVyORH[SRVLWLYRSXHVLQFOXVROOHJDQDSROHPL]DUFRQDOJXQRVGHORVDXWRUHV
WUDWDGRVSURSRQLHQGRVXVSURSLRVSXQWRVGHYLVWD\HVWRHVXQWHPDTXHQR
SRGHPRVWUDWDUHQXQDEUHYHUHVHxD6tGLUHPRVTXHSRUVXVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDV
HOOLEURHVWiGLULJLGRWDQWRDHVWXGLDQWHVGHÀORVRItDOyJLFD\OLQJtVWLFDFRPR
DHVWXGLDQWHV\SURIHVRUHVGHGHUHFKR3HURQRVRODPHQWHDEDUFDHOiPELWR
DFDGpPLFR WDPELpQ ORV SUDFWLFDQWHV GHO GHUHFKR SXHGHQ DSURYHFKDU PX\
ELHQGHORVFRQWHQLGRVGHHVWHOLEUR(VXQDPXHVWUDGHLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDULHGDG
\GHDQiOLVLVULJXURVRTXHDSURYHFKDPX\ELHQORVGHVDUUROORVGHODVFRUULHQWHV
FRQWHPSRUiQHDVVREUHXQWHPDFRPSOHMR\TXHHQQXHVWURVGtDVPHUHFHOD
PD\RUDWHQFLyQ
-XDQ0DQXHO&DPSRV%HQtWH]
%HQHPpULWD8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPDGH3XHEOD
310
Descargar