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Montanoa imbricata
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Taxon biology 1
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Tribe: Heliantheae
Genus: Montanoa
Sub- Genus: Acanthocarphae
Species: Montanoa imbricata
General description 1
Frutices 4-metrales. Caules quadrangulares basin versus teretiores grisescentes, partibus herbaceis
puberuli. Folia vix variabilia; petioli 2-18 cm longi, interdum partim foliolis alata, glandulosa et dense
pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescentes; laminae ovatae vel 5-angulatae , 4-34 x 3-38 cm, apice
acutae, margine serratae vel ± profunde-lobatae, pagina adaxiali glandulosa, pagina abaxiali glandulosa
et sparsim vel dense pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescenti. Pedunculi 2-10 cm longi, glandulosi
modice vel dense pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescentes. Capitula pendula florifera 1.75-2.25 cm
fructifera 3.0-3.5 cm lata, nonnulla vel muita in synflorescentia laxe cymosa corymbis composita, ramis
lateralis effuse ascendentibus. Phyllaria 8-11, 2-3-seriata, non reflexa, inter se subaequalia, ovatolanceolata, imbricata , 10-12 x 3.0-4.5 mm, viridia, apice acuta vel acuminata mucro nata, marginibus
ciliata integra, pagina adaxiali dense pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescenti, pagina abaxiali
glabra. Radii 12, albi, ligula ovata vel lanceolata, 18-27 x 8-10 mm, apice acuta vel 2-denticulata, pagina
adaxiali subglabra, pagina abaxiali sparsim glandulosa, tubo 1.0 x 0.5 mm, subglandulosa. Flosculi disci
80-100, lutei, tuba 1.5 x 0.5 mm, glabro vel subglanduloso et pilis minus quam 0.5 mm longis
subpubescenti, fauce cylindraceo 3.5-4.0 x 1.25-1.5 mm, glanduloso et modice pilis minus quam 0.5 mm
longis pubescentia, lobis 5, 0.75-1.0 x 0.5-0.75 mm, apice acutis glandulosis et modice pilis minus quam
0.5 mm longis pubescentia; stamina filamento inciuso 3.5-4.0 x 2.5 mm, antheris semi-exsertis, thecis
luteis, 2.25 x 0.5 mm, connectivo apice acuto, 0.6 x 0.4 mm, luteo, adaxiali glanduloso; stylus luteus, 8.08.5 mm longus, basi tumefactus, lineolis stigmatic is luteis vel brunneolis, 1.25 mm longis, appendiculis
acuminatis, 0.75 x 0.4 mm, apice luteis. Paleae sub anthesi obtrullatae, 2.5-3.0 x 2.5-3.0 mm, luteolae
secus venas atrovirides, apice longiuscule acuminatae, induratae, margine ciliatae integrae, dorso
glandulosae et distaliter et dense pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescente~, ventre glabrae; paleae
fructiferae deciduae, obtrullatae, 15 x 8 mm, papyraceae, reticulatim venosae, stramineae, apice spina
minus quam 0.75 mm longa obsitae margine integrae ciliatae, abaxialiter dense glandulosa et sparsim
pubescentes, adaxialiter glabrae. Achaenia brunneo-nigra, 4.5 x 1.25 mm laevia. Chromosomatum
numerus n = 19.
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO. GUERRERO: 6 mi N of Tierra Colarada 10 Dec 1966, AL 4506 (MICH, OS);
14-14.5 mi N of Tierra Colorada, 10 Dec 1966, AL 4509 (MICH, OS); hwy 95 near jct with rd to Acahuizotla,
14 Nov 1977, FOe 2332 (OS); near Xaltignagllis, 14 Nov 1977, FOe 2344 (OS); between Tierra Colorada and
Chilpancingo, km 39, 15 Nov 1977, FOe 2349 (OS); 8.9 mi N of Tierra Colorada, 16 Nov 1978, FRi 2841*
(OS); 11.7 mi N of Tierra Colorada, 16 Nov 1978, FRi 2842 (OS); Mina, Campo Morado-Otallan, 13 Nov
1939, Hinton 14832 (K, GH, MICH, NY, TEX, US); Rincon Viejo, 4 Dec 1962, Kruse & Rzedowski 1211 (ENCB).
MICHOACAN: 15-16 km SE of Aserradero Dos Agllas, 25-26 Nov 1970, M 24697 (ENCB, MICH); 63.6 km
from Temascal on rd to Hlletamo, 13 Nov 1949, Moore et al. 5694 (BH, BM, F, UC); 19.8 km from Temascal
on rd to Hlletamo, 13 Nov 1949, Moore et al. 5711 (BH, BM, F, GH, UC).
Distribution 1
Sierra Madre del Sur in Michoacan and Guerrero; oak forests along roadsides and on steep
embankments; 800-1450 m.
Morphology 1
A handsome species with abundant capitula and involucral bracts that overlap (imbricate; hence the
name) prior to anthesis. The involucral bracts are long and broad (10-12 mm x 3.0-4.5 mm) and
numerous (8-11) and most likely protect the head from predation while still in bud. The leaves are
consistent in having a row of leaf-like appendages on the petiole and being relatively unlobed.
Look alikes 1
This species is most closely related to Montanoa bipinnatifida, with which it shares an open pyramidal
synflorescence and similar characters of the flowering heads. They can easily be distinguished because
of the involucral bracts in M. bipinnatifida are shorter, about as long as the disc florets. In addition, the
apex of the disc corollas of M. imbricata are essentially glabrous while in M. bipinnatifida they are
densely pubescent with stiff interlocking hairs that give the bud a "fuzzy" appearance. The mature
pales of M. bipinnatifida are narrow at the base exposing part of the achene , whereas those of M.
imbricate are broad, not exposing the achene. The two species overlap in distribution but have never
been found together in the field.
Life cycle 1
FLOWERING (AND FRUITING) PERIOD: October-November (NovemberDecember).
References
1. © Funk, Vicki, some rights reserved